Knownananan tsuntsayen an san su a duk duniya don ƙwarewar sautinsu na ban mamaki. Canary wanda aka ambata don haka saboda masu bincike daga Canary Islands sun taba kawo shi. A yau ita kyakkyawar dabba ce. Shahararta a matsayin dabba ta gida ta ta'allaka ne da cewa baya buƙatar wata kulawa ta musamman. Tsuntsu da sauri ya saba da sabon yanayin muhalli kuma ya ji daɗi a gida.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Canary
Canary na daga cikin gandun daji, wakili ne na ajin tsuntsaye, mai sarautar sabon-sama, umarnin masu wucewa, yankin masu rera waka, dangin finchi, jinsin kanari finches, nau'ikan Canary canchi finches, rabe-raben kanari na gida.
Tun daga lokacin da masu binciken suka kawo daga ƙasashen waje daban-daban da ƙasashe waɗanda ba a bincika nassosi game da wakilai daban-daban na duniyar dabbobi, mutane da farko sun koya game da kanari. Masana kimiyya, masu bincike da masu ba da jirgin ruwa ba kawai sun bayyana ƙaramin tsuntsu da ke raira waƙoƙi masu ban mamaki ba, har ma sun kawo zane-zane da hotonta. Bayan haka, an kawo tsuntsaye da yawa masu ban mamaki zuwa Turai daga Tsibirin Canary. Godiya ne ga yankin da suke zaune, wanda aka ɗauka asalin mahaifar tsuntsaye, cewa ana kiransu kanari.
Bidiyo: Canary
Bayan tsuntsayen farko sun shiga Turai, an kawo su da sauri zuwa Rasha kuma sun zama sananne kuma ana buƙatarsu kamar dabbobi. A hankali, mutane sun koyi yadda ake kula da kanari yadda yakamata, kuma daga baya suke kiwon su. Canaries sun zama sananne sosai cewa a wasu yankuna gabaɗaya ƙauyuka da ƙauyuka ba sa tsunduma cikin kiwo da kiwon tsuntsaye, suna yi musu keji da kosai.
Yayin da ake cikin gida, tsuntsaye sun ɗan canza sosai. Canaries na cikin gida suna da wasu siffofi daban-daban daga finch ɗin daji na Canary. An bayyana wannan a fili cikin girman jiki, launuka na labu, da kuma yadda suke aiwatar da abubuwan da suke so.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Photo: tsuntsayen kanari
Canaries ƙananan tsuntsaye ne masu haske. Mutanen gida suna da girman girman jiki idan aka kwatanta da tsuntsayen daji. Matsakaicin kanari na gida yana da tsayin jiki na santimita 13-15. Girman jiki, la'akari da fikafikan, yana da kimanin santimita 23-25. Koyaya, akwai daidaikun mutane da suka fi girma ko ƙananan girma. Waɗannan ƙananan waƙoƙin waƙoƙin suna da jituwa, daidaitaccen yanayin jiki. Smallaramin jiki yana da zagaye, ƙaramin kai.
Idon tsuntsayen baƙar fata ne, zagaye, mai bayyanawa sosai. A kan kai akwai haske, mafi yawanci launin rawaya, bakin-goro mai siffa. Launi na launi yana iya bambanta. Mafi yawancin launi shine rawaya mai zurfi. Koyaya, akwai wasu mutane masu launi daban-daban.
Waɗanne launuka na plumage ne mai yiwuwa a cikin canaries:
- fari;
- launin cakulan;
- koren launi;
- kowane irin tabarau na launin ruwan kasa;
- zuma;
- Orange;
- mai yiwuwa kasancewar jan fuka-fukai (sakamakon tsallaka kanari tare da siskin wuta).
Canaries kan canza wasu launin launi na wasu lokuta dangane da yanayin yanayi. Akwai wasu mutane masu ƙyalli, ko fuka-fukai masu takamaiman raƙuman ruwa. Tsuntsayen suna da sirara amma gabobi masu ƙarfi da doguwar fika. A yau, al'ada ce a rarrabe nau'ikan kaji da yawa na ado. Kowane nau'in yana da takamaiman fasali na waje, girman jiki, launi.
A ina canary take rayuwa?
Hotuna: Canary ta Rasha
A yau canary gida ce, tsuntsu mai ado. Kakanni da waɗanda suka kafa wannan nau'in tsuntsayen daji ne - Canary finches. Tsibirin Canary an dauke shi matsayin mazaunin su na asali. Tsibiran suna da mafi kyawun yanayi na yanayin tsuntsayen shekara-shekara. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, tsuntsaye galibi galibi suna rayuwa ne a wuraren daji a yankunan tsaunuka. Ana iya samun su galibi kusa da ƙauyukan mutane, haka kuma a ƙananan ƙauyuka, yankunan karkara. Finary na Canary ba sa zama. Sun zaɓi wani yanki inda suke kusan rayuwarsu duka.
Canaries gabaɗaya basu da izinin yanayin tsarewa. A gida, ba sa bukatar kulawa ta musamman. Don kiyaye su, kuna buƙatar keji wanda tsuntsaye zasu ciyar da mafi yawan lokacin su. Don kiyaye kaji a gida, zai fi kyau a zabi keji karafa mai faɗi, tunda yana da sauƙin wanka kuma ana iya kamuwa da cutar idan ya cancanta. A cikin keji, yana da mahimmanci a girka madubi, lilo, kofin sha da mai ciyarwa. Abubuwan halayen dole sun haɗa da perchi da giciye, waɗanda ya kamata a sanya su a matakai daban-daban.
Me kanari take ci?
Hotuna: Canary na maza
An dauki kanari a matsayin tsuntsu mara daɗi wanda ba ya ratsa abinci. Koyaya, waɗanda suka yanke shawarar farawa a gida ya kamata su tuna cewa dace, daidaitaccen abinci mai gina jiki shine mabuɗin lafiyar jiki da tsawon rayuwar tsuntsu. Babban abincin tsuntsaye shine abincin asalin tsirrai - tsaba, iri iri iri. A lokacin nest da lokacin kiwo, tsuntsaye na iya ciyar da kwari, larvae, caterpillars, da sauransu.
Lokacin da suke zaune a gida, an shawarci tsuntsaye da su sayi abincin da aka tsara musamman don ciyar da kanari. A lokaci guda, yana da kyau a mai da hankali ga wani matakin rayuwa wanda aka halicci wannan abincin. Misali, don lokacin moult, ko lokacin kiwo, ana shirya nau'in abinci wanda ya ƙunshi mafi kyawun adadin bitamin da ma'adinai na wannan lokacin. Matsakaicin matsakaiciyar abinci mai bushe ga babban mutum shine cokali 2 a rana.
Abin da ke zama tushen abinci na kiwon kaji:
- hatsi amfanin gona: hatsi, gero, sha'ir, alkama, masara, buckwheat, shinkafa, iri iri;
- tsaba iri daban-daban na ciyawar ciyayi: quinoa, dandelion, plantain;
- bran;
- fyade;
- kwayoyi;
- 'ya'yan sunflower;
- 'ya'yan itace;
- cikakke 'ya'yan itatuwa - inabi, apricots, cherries, apples mai dadi, peaches;
- busassun 'ya'yan itace: ɓaure, busasshen apricots, zabibi, prunes, dabino;
- sabo ne kayan lambu.
A lokacin sanyi, ana ba da shawarar ƙara cin abinci tare da ɓangarorin bishiyoyi iri daban-daban da shrubs - maple, cherry, rasberi, hawthorn, ash ash, beech, Willow, elderberry. Wani lokaci za a iya lalata songbirds tare da kayan dabba iri-iri - cuku mai ƙananan kitse, ƙananan zuma, dafaffun ƙwai, kwari. Hakanan akwai jerin samfuran da aka haramta wa waɗannan tsuntsayen.
Samfurori waɗanda ke da alaƙa:
- faski dill;
- dankali;
- mangoro;
- gwanda.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Tsuntsaye suna jagorantar aiki, salon rayuwa. Koyaya, mutanen da aka ajiye a gida suna da iyaka a sarari kuma suna iya zama masu kiba.
Yanzu kun san yadda ake ciyar da kanari. Bari mu ga yadda tsuntsaye ke rayuwa a daji.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Canary na mata
A dabi'ance, kanana suna da nutsuwa, da kwanciyar hankali. Ya kamata a sani cewa maza suna da ɗan nutsuwa kuma sun fi abokantaka da mutane fiye da mata. Dangane da haka, maza cikin sauri da sauƙi daidaitawa da yanayin gida, suka saba da mutane. Wadanda suke shirin mallakar wannan karamin tsuntsun amma mai dadin sauraro an shawarce shi da samari. Tsuntsayen da suka balaga suna da rigima. Da wuya su saba da mutum. A wasu lokuta, sukan zama masu zafin rai.
Tsuntsayen da ke zuwa ga mutane lokacin da ba samari ba suna rayuwa irin ta yau da kullun. Ba su da niyyar canza halayensu, su saba da mutane. Canza wasu halaye zai ɗauki ƙoƙari mai ban mamaki. Idan saurayi ya shigo gidan, da farko ya zama dole ya dame ta sosai. Tana buƙatar lokaci don daidaitawa. Lokacin sadarwa tare da tsuntsaye, ya kamata kuyi ƙoƙari ku guji kwatsam, motsin motsi da sauti mai ƙarfi.
Tsuntsayen da suke dangi kai tsaye na kanarin gida, ana daukar Canary finches suna da matukar sha'awar tsuntsaye. A ƙarƙashin yanayi na ɗabi'a, suna da matuƙar buƙatar haɗuwa da danginsu kuma suna kasancewa musamman a cikin garken. Girman garken na iya bambanta. Mafi sau da yawa, waɗannan tsuntsayen suna tashi a ƙasa da ƙasa, ba tare da tashi sama ba. Garken suna tashi daga bishiya zuwa bishiya, ko kuma daga daji zuwa daji don neman adadin abincin da ake buƙata. A yayin aiwatarwa, koyaushe suna sadarwa tare da wasu mutane na fakitin.
Da shigowar duhu, ƙananan garken tsuntsaye suna haɗuwa a cikin manyan garken kuma suna neman itaciyar da ta dace don kwana. A cikin irin wannan abun da suke hadawa suna kwana kuma a wayewar gari sun sake rabuwa cikin garken tumaki. Ya kamata masu kiwon kaji su tuna cewa canary tsuntsu ne na waka, don haka zai haifar da hayaniya a cikin gidan.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Photo: Canary a cikin yanayi
A cikin tsuntsayen da ke rayuwa a cikin yanayin yanayi, lokacin kiwo yana farawa da farkon bazara. Yanayi mai dumi da isasshen abinci na nuna cewa lokaci ya yi na haifuwa. A gida, kanari na iya yin kiwo duk shekara idan yanayin ya yi daidai.
Galibi tsuntsaye suna haihuwa daga shekara ɗaya da rabi zuwa shekara huɗu da rabi. Wata mace balagaggiyar mace tana da ikon yin abubuwa da yawa a cikin rayuwar rayuwa ɗaya. Idan aka ajiye ta a gida, zai fi kyau kar a bar ta ta yi fiye da biyu, domin hana damuwa a kan karamin jiki. Zai fi kyau a samar da nests da yawa a cikin wani yanki na canary da haɗa haɗuwa kusa da shi.
Bayan mutane biyun sun haɗu, ƙwai na farko zai iya bayyana bayan kwanaki 10-12. Bayan wannan, mace na sake yin wani kwan a kowace rana. Adadin su duka bai wuce guda 4-5 ba. Eggswai na Canary ƙanana ne kuma nauyinsu bai wuce gram 2-3 ba. Haske ne, tare da ɗanɗano mai haske da ƙananan raƙuman duhu.
Bayan kwan kwan, mace ta kunshi su. Kusan ba ta barin matsayinta har sai kaji suna kwai daga ƙwai. Suna bayyana a cikin tsari ɗaya wanda aka sa ƙwai. Daga cikin tsuntsayen da aka haifa, gasa nan da nan ta taso. Tsofaffi da masu ƙarfi suna karɓar abinci daga ƙarami da masu rauni. Sau da yawa saboda wannan, mutane masu rauni suna mutuwa saboda rashin abinci. Saboda wannan, lokacin da aka ajiye su a gida, ana sanya ƙwai na roba don kanari maimakon ƙwai da aka sa. Bayan duk an kwanciya, sai a mayar da ita ga tsuntsun, sai ta fara kyankyasar duk kwan a lokaci guda.
Bayan haihuwar kajin, mace ke shayar da su wata ɗaya. Wata daya bayan haka, kajin suna koyon tukin jirgin kuma a hankali suna shirin rayuwa mai zaman kanta. Sun balaga da shekara daya da rabi. Matsakaicin tsawon rai shine shekaru 10. Tare da kulawar gida da kulawa mai kyau, tsawon rai na iya ƙaruwa har zuwa shekaru 15.
Halittan makiya na kanari
Photo: tsuntsayen kanari
Rayuwa a cikin yanayin yanayi a cikin Tsibirin Canary, kanari yana da enemiesan tsirarun makiya. Mafarauta suna kwanto don jiransu koda cikin duhu. Barazanar tana nan cikin jira ba su kawai ba, harma da gidajen da kwai, da kajin da basu da kariya. Canaries tsuntsaye ne masu saurin birgewa kuma masu saurin lalacewa koyaushe suna kai da komowa, wanda hakan ke basu wurin da suke gida.
Yayin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama a cikin lokutan rana, galibi sukan zama ganima ga wasu manyan masu farauta masu fuka-fuka - owls, kites royal, hawks. Da dare ya fara duhu, jemagu suna farautar su, waɗanda galibi babu dare kuma suna daidaita kansu cikin duhu.
A saman duniya, ƙananan tsuntsaye ma suna da abokan gaba da yawa. Wadannan sun hada da beraye, wakilan dangin dangin. Kuliyoyi da beraye sun cinye kajin da suka kyankyashe kuma sun lalata gidajen su. Bugu da kari, beraye masu dauke da cututtukan cututtuka masu hadari. Mutum ɗaya na iya ɗaukar ƙwayar garken duka cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda daga baya ya mutu.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: songbird canary
A yau, kanananun kaji ne. Suna wanzu a gida kawai. Ana cin nasarar su cikin sassa daban-daban na duniya. Ana kiran tsuntsayen daji Canary Canary Finches. Suna zaune ne musamman ga tsibirin Canary da Azores. Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa kimanin adadin kanari a tsibirin Canary ya ninkaya 90,000, a Azores - 65,000 nau'i-nau'i.
Finary Canary na zama cikin Madeira a ƙananan lambobi. Koyaya, lambar su akwai ƙananan ƙananan - bai wuce nau'i-nau'i 5,500 ba. Sau da yawa an gwada Canaries don shiga Bermuda ko Hawaii. A cikin 1933, masana kimiyya sun kawo canaries nau'i-nau'i da yawa zuwa waɗannan tsibirin, amma bayan shekaru 25, duk mutane a wannan yankin sun mutu. Hakanan ana samun tsuntsaye cikin ƙananan lambobi a Puerto Rico.
A yau, a cewar masana kimiyya, ba a yi wa tsuntsaye barazanar bacewa ba. Canary - wannan karamin tsuntsu ne, mai motsi, mai rai, kuma mai haske sosai. Wannan nau'in yana da nau'ikan nau'ikan rabe-rabe. Wani fasali mai ban al'ajabi wanda tsuntsaye suka shahara a duk duniya shine ƙaƙƙarfan karinsu. Ga waɗanda suke son jin daɗin waƙar tsuntsaye, irin wannan dabbar dajin za ta kawo farin ciki da motsin rai mai kyau.
Ranar bugawa: 03.07.2019
Ranar sabuntawa: 09/23/2019 da 22:53
