Kulan (Equus hemionus) dabba ce mai ƙafafu daga dangi. A waje, yana kama da jaki ko dokin Przewalski, duk da haka, wannan dabba mai ƙauna kyauta, ba kamar dangi kama, ɗan adam bai taɓa shayar da ita ba. Koyaya, masana kimiyya sun iya tabbatarwa, saboda kwarewar DNA, cewa kulans kakannin kakannin jakunan zamani ne da ke zaune a nahiyar Afirka. A zamanin da, ana iya samun su a Arewacin Asiya, Caucasus da Japan. Har ila yau an sami burbushin halittar Arctic Siberia. Masana kimiyya sun fara bayyana kulan a cikin 1775.
Bayanin kulan
A launi, taron ya fi yin kama da dokin Przewalski, saboda yana da gashin gashi mai haske, wanda ya fi haske a kan bakin fuska da ciki. Gwanin duhu yana shimfiɗa tare da dukkanin kashin baya kuma yana da ɗan gajere mai wuya. Gashi ya fi guntu kuma madaidaiciya a lokacin bazara, kuma ya zama mai tsayi da sanyi a lokacin sanyi. Wutsiyar siriri ce kuma gajere, tare da tassel na musamman a ƙarshen.
Jimlar tsawon wasannin ya kai cm 170-200, tsayin daga farkon kofato har zuwa ƙarshen jiki ya kai cm 125, nauyin wanda ya balaga ya kai daga 120 zuwa 300 kg. Wasan ya fi na jaki girma, amma ya fi doki girma. Sauran fasali daban-daban sune manyan kunnuwa masu tsayi da babban kai. A lokaci guda, ƙafafun dabba sun fi kunkuntar, kuma kofatocin suna da tsayi.
Salon rayuwa da abinci mai gina jiki
Kulans shine ciyawar shuke-shuke, saboda haka, suna ciyar da abincin shuke-shuke. Ba su da sha'awar abinci. Mai matukar son zaman lafiya a mazauninsu na asali. Suna son haɗin wasu wasannin, amma suna kula da sauran. Allungiyoyin dawakai suna himmatu don kare garkensu da dabbobinsu. Abun takaici, fiye da rabin 'ya'yan kulans sun mutu kafin ma su kai ga balagar jima'i, ma'ana, shekaru biyu. Dalilai sun bambanta - waɗannan duka masu farauta ne da rashin abinci mai gina jiki.
Sau da yawa, manyan maza suna haɗuwa don tsayayya da kyarkeci, suna yaƙi da kofato. Koyaya, babbar hanyar kare kulans daga masu farauta ita ce saurin gudu, wanda, kamar dawakai masu gudu, zasu iya kaiwa kilomita 70 a awa daya. Abun takaici, saurin su bai kai na saurin harsasai ba, wanda galibi ke takaita rayuwar wadannan kyawawan dabbobi. Duk da cewa kulans nau'ikan kariya ne, mafarauta galibi suna farautar su saboda ƙimar da suke da ita ta nama da nama. Manoma suna harbe su kawai don kawar da ƙarin bakin da ke cin shuke-shuke waɗanda dabbobin gida za su iya ci.
Don haka, rayuwar kulans a cikin daji shekaru 7 ne kawai. A cikin bauta, wannan lokacin ya ninka.
Sake gabatar da albasa
Jakunan daji na Asiya da dawakan Przewalski asalinsu suna zaune ne daga tsaunuka, yankin hamada da yankunan hamada, amma dawakan Przewalski sun mutu a cikin daji, kuma albasa ta ɓace a farkon ƙarni na 20, ban da ƙananan mutane a Turkmenistan. Tun daga wannan lokacin, wadannan dabbobin suna cikin kariya.
Cibiyar Kiwo ta Bukhara (Uzbekistan) an kafa ta ne a shekarar 1976 domin sakewa da kuma kiyaye halittun da ba su da dawa. A cikin 1977-1978 an saki kulans biyar (maza biyu mata uku) a cikin ajiyar daga tsibirin Barsa-Kelmes a cikin Tekun Aral. A cikin 1989-1990, ƙungiyar ta ƙaru zuwa mutane 25-30. A lokaci guda, an kawo dawakan Przewalski takwas daga gidan zoo na Moscow da St. Petersburg zuwa yankin.
A cikin 1995-1998, an gudanar da bincike game da halayyar dukkan jinsunan, wanda ya nuna cewa kulans sun fi dacewa da yanayin hamadar hamada (je zuwa labarin "Dabbobin hamada da hamadar hamada).
Don haka, albarkacin ɗawainiyar ayyukan masu kiwo na Uzbek, a yau ana iya samun kulans ba kawai a cikin babban yankin Uzbekistan ba, har ma a arewacin Indiya, Mongolia, Iran da Turkmenistan.
