Hamster hamster kyakkyawa, dabba mai ban sha'awa da ban mamaki. An samo shi sau da yawa ƙarƙashin sunan Yammacin Asiya ko zinare. Wadannan dabbobi ana kiwata su a duk duniya kamar dabbobi. Smallananan, dabbobi masu laushi suna da launi na zinariya kuma suna da abokantaka sosai. Suna saurin daidaitawa don kasancewa cikin ƙangi kuma sun sami yaren gama gari tare da mutane, godiya ga wannan, kulawa da kula da irin wannan dabbar ba ta haifar da wata matsala ta musamman ba.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Hamster hamster
Hamster na Siriya dabba ce mai ban sha'awa. An kasafta su ga rukunin dabbobi masu shayarwa, tsarin beraye, dangin hamsters, jinsin matsakaita hamsters, jinsunan hamsters na Siriya. Da farko dai, an sanya musu suna mai suna Golden Hamster saboda masanin ilmin dabbobi mai suna Georg Robert Waterhouse. Bisa ga shawarar Charles Darwin, ya tattara jerin dabbobin da suka zo daga balaguron Beagle. Daga cikin ire-iren wakilai na duniyar dabbobi akwai wakili kawai na wannan nau'in.
Bidiyo: Hamster hamster
A karon farko masanin Ingila, masanin kimiyyar dabbobi da bincike George Robert Waterhouse ne ya bayyana wannan nau'in dabbobin a cikin 1839. Masanin kimiyya yayi kuskuren daukar sa a matsayin dadaddiyar halittar. Wannan tunanin an karyata shi ne a shekarar 1930, lokacin da wani masanin kimiyyar Isra'ila Aharoni, a yayin balaguronsa, ya gano wata hamster ta Siriya - mace ce mai juna biyu. Masanin kimiyya ya kwashe wannan hamster din zuwa Jami'ar ta Yahuza, inda macen ta haihu cikin ƙanƙanma 11. Bayan haka, daga cikin ɗayan, maza uku ne da mace da ta haife su suka rayu.
Masana kimiyya sunyi ƙoƙari a banza don nemo wasu mutane na wannan nau'in a cikin yanayin yanayi. Koyaya, basu taɓa yin wannan ba. Daga nan sai Akhoroni ya bullo da dabarar tsallake wata mata 'yar Siriya mai hamster tare da namiji daga jinsinta. Wannan ma'aurata sun zama magabatan wani sabon jinsi. A cikin kusan odes 1939-40, an kwashe zuriyar da aka samu zuwa Amurka ta Amurka. Bayan wasu shekaru 1.5-2, masana kimiyya a ƙarshe suka yanke hukunci cewa stersan Hamsters na Tsakiya sun ɓace, kuma a cikin yanayin yanayi babu sauran wakilan wannan nau'in.
A yayin da ake gudanar da nazarin hamsters na Siriya, an gano cewa suna da tsari irin na hakora da tsarin mutum, don haka aka yi amfani da su a yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje don nazarin cututtukan hakori. Har ya zuwa yanzu, masana kimiyya ba su iya amsa tambayar abin da ya sa aka kashe wannan nau'in dabbobi ba.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hotuna: Siriya Hamster Boy
'Yan Siriya, ko kuma zobba na zinare an shayar dasu a dakin gwaje-gwaje daga dansunan daji wadanda suka gabatar daga Syria daga masanan dabbobi a karnin da ya gabata. Tsawon jikin baligi ya kai santimita 13-15. Matsakaicin nauyin jiki shine gram 200-300. Wannan nau'in yana halayyar dimorphism na jima'i. Mata suna da girma kuma mafi girman jiki. Haka kuma, tsayin jikin mata ya ɗan yi ƙasa da na maza. Wani fasalin daban shine siffar baya. A mata madaidaiciya ne, a cikin maza yana da sifa iri-iri. Hakanan za'a iya gane mutane ta yawan nono. A cikin mata akwai hudu daga cikinsu, a cikin maza - biyu kawai.
Dabbobi suna da takamaiman tsarin gabbai. Suna da yatsu 4 a gaban gabobin, da biyar a gwaiwar baya. Yawancin mutane na wannan nau'in launuka ne na zinare, amma, ana iya samun mutane masu launi daban-daban.
Waɗanne launuka ne hamsters na Siriya za su haɗu:
- tagulla;
- launin cakulan;
- sable;
- m;
- zuma;
- launin ruwan hoda mai duhu.
Launi na iya zama ɗaya ko kuma yana da tabo na launi daban. Jikin hamsters na Kusa da Gabas an lullubeshi da gashi mai kauri da taushi. Hamanƙarar zinare suna da dogon gashi da gajere. Hannun hamster yana da zagaye, ɗan tsayi mai tsayi. Akwai kanana, zagaye kunnuwa a saman gefen kai. Idanun hamster manya ne, zagaye, baƙi, masu walƙiya. Hancin dabbobin ana tsara shi da gashin baki. Hamsters suna da ƙarami, gajeren wutsiya, wanda kusan ba a ganuwa a cikin rigar sa mai kauri.
A ina ne hamster na Siriya yake rayuwa?
Hotuna: Siriya ko hamster na zinariya
A yau, ba a samo hamsters na Siriya a cikin yanayin yanayi ba. Suna wanzu musamman a cikin yanayin wucin gadi kamar dabbobi. Wadanda suka kafa wannan nau'in sune hamsters na daji wadanda wani masani kan dabbobi ya kawo su daga Syria. Da ma'ana irin wannan hamsters ya fara a Amurka. A lokacin wanzuwar dabbobi a cikin yanayin yanayi, sun gwammace su zauna a yankunan hamada tare da bushewar yanayi. Mahalli na kananan ƙananan beraye ya kasance mai faɗi sosai.
Yankin yanki na mazaunin hamsters:
- Minananan ƙasashen Asiya;
- tsakiyar yankin Afirka;
- Kudu maso gabashin Asiya;
- wasu yankuna na nahiyar Turai;
- Amirka ta Arewa;
- Kudancin Amurka.
Ba a ɗaukar dusar ƙanƙara ta zinare ko kaɗan da dabbobi masu sauri. Zasu iya daidaitawa da zama a kusan kowane irin yanayi: a cikin tsaunuka, gandun daji, dazuzzuka, har ma a wuraren tsaunuka. Wasu mutane sun rayu a tsaunuka a sama da 2000 sama da matakin teku. Yankunan shakatawa, filayen noma, gonaki, da lambunan kayan lambu suma ba a kebe su ba. A matsayin wurin zama, ƙananan beraye suna zaɓar ƙananan minks amma masu zurfi. Yana da kyau a lura cewa, a matsayin mazaunin mazauna, hamsters sun zaɓi waɗancan yankuna inda akwai wadataccen abinci don rayuwar dabbar ta yau da kullun.
Menene hamster na Siriya ke ci?
Hotuna: haman fadan Siriya
Ana ɗaukar hamsters na Siriya kusan dabbobi masu cin komai. Ana iya amfani da abincin tsire da na dabbobi azaman tushen abinci. Kamar na karshen, beraye suna cin larvae, tururuwa, ƙananan kwari, da dai sauransu. Hamsters da ke rayuwa a cikin daji suna cin kusan duk abin da za su samu kuma su ci. Zai iya zama tsaba, tushen iri iri iri, 'ya'yan itace,' ya'yan itatuwa masu zaki, ganye, da dai sauransu.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Ilimin kimiyya ya san halaye lokacin da hamsters na zinariya waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin yanayin yanayi suka cinye younga youngansu.
Idan an ajiye dabbar a gida, yana da muhimmanci a fahimci cewa abincin ɗan adam bai dace da shi kwata-kwata ba. Mutumin da aka ajiye ɗan ƙaramin sanda a gidansa ya zama ya saba da dokoki da halaye na abincin dabba, tare da guje wa yawan shayarwa da samar da daidaitaccen abinci. An haramta shi sosai don ciyar da hamsters da abinci mai daɗi, mai gishiri ko mai mai. Duk da cewa wadannan kananan dabbobi suna kaunar kayan zaki ne kawai, tsarin narkewar abincinsu ba zai iya narkar da irin wadannan abincin ba. Wannan na iya haifar da mutuwar dabbar.
Tushen abincin hamster na gida ya zama bushe, daidaitaccen abinci. Abu ne mai sauki a samu daga kowane kantin sayar da dabbobi. Dole busasshen cakuda ya zama dole ya ƙunshi bitamin da ma'adanai, kuma dole ne a yi shi na musamman don hamsters, ba don wasu dabbobi ko tsuntsaye ba. Koyaya, kada ku iyakance kan bushewar abinci kawai. Domin dabbar ta zama mai aiki da koshin lafiya, zata kuma bukatar abinci mai ruwa.
Abin da za'a iya ciyar dashi ga hamsters azaman abincin rigar:
- ganye;
- ganyen latas;
- 'ya'yan itace;
- kayan lambu;
- 'ya'yan itace;
- karas;
- zucchini.
A cikin adadi kaɗan, zaka iya ƙara busassun 'ya'yan itatuwa da dole cuku mai ƙoshin mai mai mai yawa a cikin abincin ba tare da wani ƙari ba. Lokacin da aka ajiye shi a gida, dole ne a kula don tabbatar da cewa dabbar koyaushe tana da tsaftataccen ruwa don sha.
Yanzu kun san abin da za a iya ba wa hamsters na Siriya a gida da abin da ba haka ba. Bari muyi la'akari da yadda hamsters na zinariya suke aiki a cikin yanayin su na asali.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Yarinyar hamster ta Siriya
Ana ɗaukar zinariya, ko Siriya, hamster a matsayin dabbar dare. Kusan yini yana bacci, yana farkawa kawai don biyan yunwa. Amma da dare yakan farka kuma ya zama mai kuzari sosai. A cikin yanayin yanayi, hamsters koyaushe suna haƙa ƙasa. Suna iya haƙa kusan adadin iyakokin ƙasa da ramuka. Hamsters suna son yin rayuwa mara kyau. Kowane mutum yana buƙatar gidansa. Wannan yakamata a kula dashi yayin ajiye dabbobi a gida. Beraye suna adana abinci. Suna narkar da abinci a kunci, sannan su fitar da shi su ci.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Sararin kunci, wanda hamsters ke sanya abinci, yana riƙe da girman abinci wanda ya ninka kusan sau uku girman kan dabbar. Rodaramar sandar da kanta tana iya ɗaukar abinci har kilogram 13-15 na abinci, wanda zai iya wuce nauyin jikinsa sau 100!
Tare da farkon duhu, ana lura da ayyukan dabbobi masu ban mamaki. A cikin yanayin yanayi, wannan ya taimaka musu kubuta daga abokan gaba. A cikin duhu, dabbobi suna tsunduma cikin tsara gidajensu, suna shirya kayan abinci da kuma shagaltar dasu, kuma suna iya zama cikin damuwa da wasa. A cikin yanayi na ɗabi'a, hamsters suna son jagorantar keɓantaccen yanayin rayuwa. Yaran yara a wasu lokuta suna iya ƙirƙirar ƙananan ƙungiyoyi. Bayan sun balaga, hamsters zasu fara gwagwarmaya don yanki, samar da abinci, da dai sauransu. Yawancin lokaci irin wannan bayani ya ƙare da mutuwa ga masu rauni.
Don adanawa a gida, ƙaramin rodent zai buƙaci keɓaɓɓen keji tare da ingantaccen wurin bacci da gida. Yana da kyawawa cewa ƙwayoyin suna da carousel da tsani a cikin tiers da yawa. A cikin iyakantaccen sarari, wannan sifa ce mai mahimmanci don rayuwar jin daɗin rayuwar dabba.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hotuna: Hamster hamster
Hamsters na zinare dabbobi ne masu yawan gaske, idan har ana kiyaye su cikin yanayi mafi kyau. Idan zafin jiki na sararin da ke kewaye da su ya kasance a matakin digiri 20-25, dabbobi za su iya haihuwar zuriya kusan duk shekara. Mafi yawanci, tare da kyakkyawar kulawa, ƙwararriyar mace tana haifar da offspringa 3-5an sau 3-5 a shekara. Tana iya haihuwar yara 5 zuwa 9 a lokaci guda.
Lokacin balaga ga maza yana faruwa ne tun yana da wata ɗaya, kuma mace tana da wata biyu. Ana ba da shawarar a hada dabbobin wuri guda don su sami zuriya bayan mace ta fara ɓarna. In ba haka ba, mutane na iya yin yaƙi sosai don rauni ga juna. Idan hamsters suna son juna, to sun sami nasarar haɗuwa. Duk aikin ba zai wuce minti 10 ba. Ciki bazai iya faruwa ba a karo na farko. Sannan za'a sake yin mating.
Ciki yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 17-18. Idan lokacin haihuwa yayi, mace na zuwa gidan da tayi, ko kuma matsuguni. Mahaifiyar tana shayar da jariran da aka haifa da madara har tsawon wata guda. Bayan da namiji ya yiwa mace tayin, dole ne a raba su, tunda mata masu ciki suna da halin nuna ƙarfi ga danginsu. Maigidan ma ya kamata ya yi hankali, tunda a wannan lokacin dabbobi sukan cije.
Abokan gaba na 'yan fadan Siriya
Hotuna: Hamster hamster
A cikin yanayin yanayi, hamsters na Siriya suna da yawan abokan gaba, waɗanda ƙananan beraye ke da saukin ganima. Yanayin rayuwarsu na dare ya taimaka musu tserewa daga wasu masu lalata, amma da yawa, kamar rodents, sun kasance marasa wayewa.
Abokan gaba na hamsters na zinariya a cikin daji:
- manyan dabbobin daji - fox, kerkolfci, lynx, da dai sauransu. Suna iya jira don hamsters, bi su, ko neman burukan su;
- nau'in tsuntsaye masu farauta - shaho, falcons, owls. Mujiya sun fi haɗari ga hamster na Siriya, kamar yadda suke ba dare;
- kuliyoyi, karnuka.
Hamsters suna da ƙwarewa da ji sosai. Yana ba ka damar kama ƙaramar girgizar sauti a nesa mai nisa. Wannan yana baka damar jin kusantar makiya. Idan dabbar ta ji sautuka da ba a sani ba, nan da nan sai ta gudu ta ɓuya a cikin rami, ko kuma a cikin wani mafaka mai tsira. Lokacin da aka ji sautunan da ba a sani ba a ɗan nesa kaɗan, kuma babu yadda za a yi su tsere, dabbar tana daskarewa da fatan ba za a gan shi ba. Idan wannan dabarar ba ta taimaka ba, ƙaramar rodent tana kai wa maƙiyinta hari. A wasu halaye, harin kwatsam daga hamster yana tsoratar da ma irin wannan babban mai farautar kamar fox ko lynx. Koyaya, ba zai yuwu a kubuta daga tsuntsayen ta wannan hanyar ba.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Siriya, ko hamster na zinariya
Siriya, ko hamster na zinare, ba a sake samun shi a cikin yanayin yanayi. Stersungiyoyin farar fata na Siriya sun haifar da wani sabon nau'in halitta wanda yake cikakke kuma an samu nasarar zama gida. Masana kimiyya har yanzu basu san menene kitse a dalilin bacewar sa gaba daya ba. A cewar wasu rahotanni, mummunan fari, rashin lafiya ko rashin wadataccen abinci na iya haifar da irin wannan sakamakon. Hakanan daga cikin dalilan da ka iya yiwuwa akwai karuwar adadin masu farauta a yankunan da kananan beraye ke rayuwa.
A yau, ana rarraba hamsters na zinariya a ƙasashe daban-daban na duniya azaman dabbobi. A gaban wadatattun yanayi na tsarewa, abinci mai kyau da kulawa mai kyau, suna ninka cikin sauri.
Officiallyungiyoyin Hamas na Siriya a hukumance an san su ba su da rai. A cikin yanayin yanayi, ba a sake samun wannan dabba. Koyaya, mace mai ciki da ƙungiyar masana kimiyya suka gano ta hanyar farin ciki kwatsam ya ba masana kimiyya damar ƙetarewa tare da wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin beraye da kuma sake farfaɗo da ɓangaren zinare na zinare. Irin wannan dabbar za ta zama abin so ga kowa, musamman a cikin iyalai masu yara. Idan kun bi ka'idoji don kiyayewa da kulawa da shi, tabbas zai kawo kyawawan halaye masu kyau, farin ciki da nishaɗi. Hamster hamster undemanding dangane da abinci mai gina jiki kuma baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman.
Ranar bugawa: 06/30/2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 05.12.2019 a 18:23
