Butterfly urticaria - ɗayan wakilai masu haske da launuka na butterflies na rana. Ya sami sunan ne daga jarabar abinci. Wadannan kwari ba wai suna cin abinci ne kawai ba, amma kuma sukan zauna a kan ganyen wannan tsiron, ba tare da jin tsoron daddawa ba. Wani lokaci ana kiransu "'yan matan cakulan". Waɗannan halittu suna da fukafukai masu kyau da kyau.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Urticaria
Urticaria (Aglais urticae, Nymphalis urticae) na cikin nau'in Holarctic ne na butterflies na rana Aglais, wanda ya samo asali daga dangin Nymphalidae. Takamaiman takamaiman urticae ya fito ne daga kalmar nettle, kuma Aglais tsohuwar baiwar Girka ce ta alheri, Aglaya. Dogaro da mazaunin, akwai ƙananan rashi na urticaria:
- Aglais urticae var. chinensis;
- Aglais urticae var. haɗi;
- Aglais urticae var. baicalensis;
- Aglais urticae var. urticae;
- Aglais urticae var. polaris;
- Aglais urticae var. kansuensis;
- Aglais urticae var. eximia;
- Aglais urticae var. stoetzneri;
- Aglais urticae var. turcica.
Babban dangin kwarin ya hango urticaria. A waje, sun zama iri ɗaya. Bambancinsu kawai shine babban wuri. Tana kan farfajiyar gaba kuma tana haɗuwa da jijiyoyin. Wannan nau'in ba shi da yawa kuma ba shi da yawa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: 'Yan Scots din da ake wa laƙabi da wannan raƙuman "aljannu", yayin da a Japan, akasin haka, ana ɗauka urticaria alama ce ta samari mara laifi da rashin mutuwa. Tsoffin Romawa sun yi imani da cewa waɗannan ba ƙwari ba ne, amma furannin furanni ne waɗanda iska mai ƙarfi ta kwashe su, suna nuna soyayya, nasara, kyakkyawa, wadata.
Halin malam buɗe ido yana iya hango yanayin. Idan jirgin yana cikin gaggawa, mai saurin motsawa, yana nufin cewa da sannu zai fara ruwa. 'Yan matan cakulan suna jin canjin yanayin zafi a nan gaba kuma suna kokarin hanzarta nemo wuri mai dadi don buya da jiran mummunan yanayi.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hotuna: Butterfly urticaria
Butterfly cakulan Shin kwaro ne mai matsakaici. Fuka-fuki na butterflies ne duhu orange, tubali ja. Tsawon su shine 20-25 mm, span - 40-60 mm. Fuka-fukan gaba suna da launuka baƙar fata guda uku, suna canzawa tare da waɗanda suke rawaya. Manyan wuraren duhu suna kan fuka-fukan gaba, saman yana da haske. A baya akwai ƙananan aibobi. Mata kusan ba su bambanta da maza.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Fukafukan masu yin cakulan suna da taushi sosai kuma suna da rauni. Idan kwarkwata ta tashi kwatsam a cikin dakin, mutane na kokarin taimakawa kwarin kuma su bar shi a kan titi. A mafi yawan lokuta, irin wadannan ayyukan suna lalata fikafikan malam buɗe ido, kuma ba zai iya tashi sama ba.
Kowane ɗayan fikafikan yana da kaifin ƙazanta, gefunan suna da ƙarfi. A gindin fikafikan baya akwai sikeli masu launin ruwan kasa a bango mai launin ruwan kasa, sannan biye mai haske mai haske. A gefen gefen fuka-fuki, a kan bakar fata, akwai samfurin launuka masu shuɗi mai haske mai siffar rabin wata.
Gefen ciki launin ruwan kasa ne da faci masu haske. Kowane mutum yana da tsari na musamman, kwatankwacin zanan yatsun mutum. A cikin hunturu, zama, butterflies ninka fikafikansu kuma su zama kamar busassun ganye mai toka. Cikin ciki da kirji suna da duhu mai duhu tare da gashin ruwan kasa. Antennae na asu mai kama da asu.
Cakulan na da kafa biyu-biyu a kirji. Iyali suna da halayyar rarrabe-rarrafe sun yi gajeru sosai don haka ba sa shiga aikin tafiya. Ba su da fika. Suna aiki don saukowa mai laushi. Cakulan na motsawa a ƙafafun tsakiya da na baya.
Caterpillar na urticaria na malam buɗe ido baƙar fata ne tare da ratsi mai rawaya a saman. Dukkanin jikin kananan ƙananan spines ne da bristles. A matakin dalibin, asu an nannade shi a cikin kwakwa, a samansa akwai kaho, wanda wasu ke alakantawa da shaidan.
Don haka muka gano shi yaya amya na malam buɗe ido yayi kama... Yanzu bari mu gano inda malam buɗe ido yake zaune.
A ina urteraria butterfly take zaune?
Hotuna: Shokoladnitsa
Wadannan kwari, tare da farin kabeji da idanun dawisu, suna daya daga cikin jinsunan da aka fi samu a Turai. Yankin ya kara zuwa gabar tekun Arctic. Ana iya samun girlsan matan Chocolate a cikin China, Japan, Asia Minor da Central Asia, Mongolia, Vietnam, Siberia, Korea, a cikin ƙasashen tsohuwar CIS.
Kuna iya ganin urtiaria, kamar takwarorinta, a wani wurin shakatawa, murabba'i, makiyaya da filaye, lambuna, gefen daji da sauran yankuna masu furanni. A asu na fi son wuraren shiru da kwanciyar hankali fiye da biranen da ke cike da mutane. Ba sa son mummunan yanayi. Idan kun ji kusancin iska mai ƙarfi ko ruwan sama, butterflies cakulan suna neman inda za su ɓuya - a cikin rami na bishiyoyi, ginshiƙan ƙasa, a cikin ɗakunan gidaje masu zaman kansu, verandas.
Hakanan zaka iya saduwa da 'yan matan cakulan a tsaunuka. A cikin tsaunukan Alps, an samo wannan nau'in a tsawan mita dubu 3, kuma a cikin Himalayas - mita dubu 5 sama da matakin teku. A matakin ɗalibai, ana iya ganin cocoons ko'ina: a kan rassan bishiyoyi, ganye da tushe na furanni, a kan shinge da ƙofofi, benchi.
Don hunturu, butterflies basa tashi sama, amma suna ɓoyewa daga yanayin sanyi da sanyi a ƙarƙashin baƙin bishiyoyi, a cikin ginshiƙan gidaje, kogwanni, wani lokacin kuma a kan baranda. Mutanen birni suna zaɓar wurare kusa da gidajen mutane, don haka idan yanayi mara kyau zai zama da sauƙi a sami mafaka.
Menene urticaria malam buɗe ido yake ci?
Photo: Butterfly cakulan
Godiya ga doguwar bakuwar proboscis, kwari suna karɓar abinci a cikin hanyar nectar daga inflorescences na shuke-shuke. A matakin katanga, 'yan matan cakulan suna da matukar son cin ganyen nettle, wanda shine babban ma'aunin zabar suna ga malam buɗe ido. Hakanan, kwari basu damu da cin abinci ba:
- Dandelion;
- Blackberry;
- Marjoram;
- Istaya;
- Primrose;
- Elecampane.
Manya (manya) ba sa son abinci kamar kwari. Zaɓin na ƙarshe ya sauko don amfani:
- Iounƙun ruwa mai banƙyama da dami;
- Hops;
- Cannabis.
Kwai ne kawai da aka haifa suka sakar gidan yanar gizo tare kuma suka cinye leavesan ganyen. Lokacin da tsire-tsire guda ɗaya ya ƙare daga tsire-tsire, matasa suna motsawa zuwa na gaba. Da zaran an haifi malam buɗe ido daga bulu, nan da nan sai a fara neman furanni.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Othwoyi ba sa son shan ruwan bishiyar birch.
A ƙarshen bazara, Lepidoptera zai fara ciyarwa musamman mai himma. Don kula da mahimmin aiki na ƙaramin kwari a lokacin sanyi, jikin urticaria yana buƙatar tanadin kayan ɓatanci. Ruwan 'ya'yan furanni suna taimaka musu sosai a cikin wannan.
Duk da yake butterflies suna neman nectar, suna tashi daga wata shuka zuwa wani, suna lalata su. A fukafukansu akwai pollen mai laushi, wanda suke ɗauka zuwa furanni. Godiya ga wannan, sun kasance na biyu a cikin darajar kwari masu gurɓatawa. Kudan zuma kawai ke gaban su.
Wani lokaci a lokacin narkewar watan Fabrairu, kwari suna farkawa daga rashin bacci kafin lokaci kuma su tashi zuwa gidaje ko gidaje. Har zuwa lokacin bazara, ana iya ajiye ƙwarin a gida, ciyar da maganin suga ko zuma. Don yin wannan, moisten auduga swab tare da syrup kuma saka a saucer. Mintuna 10-15 na ciyarwa a kowace rana sun isa ga urticaria.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Urticaria
Butterfly urticaria shine ɗayan farkon marubutan bazara. Shekaru suna farawa tare da fitowar farkon hasken rana. Da rana suna shagaltar da furannin furanni da neman abinci, da dare sukan ɓuya a cikin mafaka. Har zuwa ƙarni biyu suna canzawa a kowace shekara, dangane da yanayin. Kuna iya ganin kwarin har zuwa Satumba.
'Yan matan cakulan sun dogara sosai da yanayin yanayi. A lokacin fari, an rage yawansu sosai. Rashin hazo ya dogara kai tsaye kan samuwar ruwa, nitrogen da abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ganyen shuke-shuke. Rashin abubuwa suna raunana kwari kuma yana tafiyar da cigaban su.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: 'Yan matan cakulan suna iya rarrabe launuka, sabanin sauran kwari. Wannan yana taimaka maka gano abubuwan da kake so.
A cikin yanayi mai kyau, nau'in na iya wanzuwa har tsawon watanni 9. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran kwari waɗanda zasu iya rayuwa na daysan kwanaki kawai, urticaria haƙiƙanin hanta ne. Da farkon yanayin sanyi, ba sa daskarar, amma hibernate kamar bears.
Lepidoptera ba su tashi ba, amma suna cikin hunturu a ƙasashensu na asali. A yanayin zafi na digiri 21 kasa da sifili, butterflies suna daskarewa ta hanyar wucewa, amma basa mutuwa. Maganinsu yana raguwa kuma ana amfani da kuzari kaɗan. Tare da hasken rana na farko, suna narkewa kuma suna rayuwa. Bayan hunturu, sai su yi ƙwai ba da daɗewa ba su mutu.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hotuna: Butterfly urticaria
Bayan farka daga bacci, da wartsakewa da tattaro ƙarfi, kwari sun fara haifuwa. Da asuba, maza sukan nemi abinci, suyi zafin rana, sannan su fara neman mace da rana. Babu kusan rikice-rikice kan yanki.
Namiji ya tashi zuwa ga mace daga baya kuma yana fitar da takaddama. 'Yan awanni masu zuwa za a kashe a wasannin mating. Mafi sau da yawa, ana yin aikin jima'i a cikin nettles. Bayan hadi, mace zata sanya zuriyar nan gaba a cikin shukar.
Kwai kore ko ƙwai mai ƙyallen fata na iya zama daga guda 100 zuwa 200. Lokacin kwanciyar hankali ya kai awa ɗaya da rabi. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, amfrayo suna bunkasa cikin mako guda. Caterpillars-cubs sun kasance tare, a cikin ɗayan tsintsiya, kuma kada ku ja jiki a cikin shuka.
An haifa aterananan kwari da tsayin 1.2 mm kawai. Da farko, suna kore, tare da tabo da baƙin gashi. Yayin girma, sun zubar sau 4. Jikin katifa mai girma baƙar fata ce da ratsi mai launin rawaya. Bayan zubar da su a karo na karshe, mutane suna rarrafe a cikin daji.
Suna neman wuri don yin pupate kuma a tsaye a haɗe da ƙusoshin ko ganye, suna yin jan ja-ja ja kimanin kimanin inci 2. Yana zaune a wannan yanayin na kimanin makonni 2. A ƙarshen wannan lokacin, harsashi ya karye kuma an haifi malam buɗe ido. Tana buƙatar ta zauna shuru na mintina kaɗan don fukafukanta su yi ƙarfi kuma ta iya tashi sama.
Abokan gaba na urticaria malam buɗe ido
Hotuna: Shokoladnitsa
Kamar kowane kwari, wannan nau'in malam buɗe ido yana da abokan gaba da yawa. Daga cikinsu akwai amphibians a cikin nau'in kwadi; dabbobi masu rarrafe - macizai masu tarko, kadangaru, macizai; tsuntsaye - marsh harrier da sauran mutane da yawa; kananan beraye.
Don kare kansu daga abokan gaba, 'yan matan cakulan suna da fenti mai kariya a cikin fikafikan. Lokacin da suka ninka fikafikan su, launin abin rufe fuska daga gefe yana kama da busasshen ganye. Amma sau da yawa ba ya adana malam buɗe ido, kuma tsuntsaye, waɗanda suka bayyana ɓoye kamanni, suna cin su, wani lokacin har zuwa rabin lokacin sanyi.
Hakanan akwai yiwuwar cin zarafin kwari. Kwayoyin Hymenoptera, kamar kudaje, na iya yin ƙwai a kan ganyen tsire-tsire, wanda kwari zai ci daga baya. Tsutsar tsutsan za su yi girma a jikin kwari kuma su ci gabobin daga ciki. Bayan mutuwa mai raɗaɗi, har zuwa mahaya 100 za su iya rarrafewa daga jikin malam buɗe ido na gaba.
Zai yi wuya a kama mai yin cakulan, saboda haka mutane sun fi fuskantar rauni a matakin kwai, pupa ko caterpillar. Tsuntsayen koyaushe suna ciyar da kajin ɗaruruwan kwari a rana. Tsuntsayen sun kai kimanin kashi 20% na caterpillars da aka cinye. Tsuntsaye na kama abinci ko hutawa, suna shafawa akan itace don fukafukan su fado, suna cin jiki kawai.
Caterpillars na iya zama ganima ga beetles, mazari, addu'ar mantises, wasps. Gizo-gizo na iya kama malam buɗe ido a cikin yanar gizo ko kallon furanni. Mutum yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Sakamakon lalata shimfidar wurare, cakulan yana rasa muhallansa. Lokacin da aka lalata kwari masu cutarwa, yawancin malam buɗe ido suna mutuwa daga guba.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Photo: Butterfly cakulan
Abin farin ciki, ba a lissafa jinsin a cikin Littafin Ja, don haka babu buƙatar kare shi. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, bacewar cutar urticaria tabbas ba a yi barazanar ba. Saboda damar dacewa da kowane mazaunin, butterflies suna hayayyafa sosai kuma mazauninsu yana da fadi sosai. Ba za ku iya saduwa da su ba sai a Pole ta Arewa.
Tunda jinsin bai cutar da harkar noma ba, ba a taba kokarin korar ‘yan matan cakulan ba. Babu wata ƙasa da ke ganin hotuna marasa kyau a cikin malam buɗe ido. Kowane mutum yana cikin wadatattun lambobi ko'ina, basa buƙatar kariya kuma, a cewar masana kimiyya, jinsin ba zai ɓace ba nan da shekaru 20 masu zuwa.
Matsakaicin yanayin zafin iska a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, a cewar masu bincike, ya haifar da karuwar yawan kwari. Yanayin yanayi na kwanan nan sun dace da wanzuwar halittar waɗannan halittu masu kyau.
A tsakanin 2010-2011, yawan matan cakulan ya karu da kashi 60%. Amma lokacin da lokacin rani yayi sanyi sosai, yawan jama'a ya sake raguwa sosai. Masanin Kimiyyar a Cibiyar Kula da Lafiyar Jama'a Mark Botham ya jaddada cewa ya zama dole a cikin gida a kula da kyakkyawan yanayi na Lepidoptera, ba tare da tsangwama ga wuraren zama ba.
Adana dazuzzuka, don haka yana da mahimmanci ga wannan nau'in, yana taimakawa ƙwarai da gaske don ƙara yawan malam buɗe ido. Kwari suna rayuwa a cikin yanayin da suka saba dashi kuma ƙananan canje-canje a mazauninsu na iya zama musu lahani. Kiyaye muhalli na taimakawa jinsi jin dadi da hayayyafa sosai.
A lokacin thaws, ana iya ganin butterflies a cikin dusar ƙanƙara. Mutane masu kulawa suna kai su gida don kiyaye su daga sanyi. Abubuwa da yawa zasu shafi rayuwar kwari a gida, kamar danshi na cikin gida, abinci mai gina jiki, samar da makamashi. A cikin yanayi mai kyau, kwarin zai iya rayuwa na tsawon makonni.
Butterfly cakulan babu makawa kyakkyawa kuma kyakkyawa. Tun da daɗewa, a cikin ƙasashe daban-daban, ana girmama su da nuna bambanci. A cikin dukkan al'adu, an haɗa malam buɗe ido da alamar ci gaba, nasara, ƙauna da jin daɗin rayuwa. M asu da ke yin rawar rawa suna haɗuwa tare da ma'aurata masu farin ciki cikin soyayya kuma suna zama alama ce ta farin cikin iyali.
Ranar bugawa: 01.06.2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 20.09.2019 a 21:43
