Kinkajou ko poto (lat. - potos flavus) karamar dabba ce ta gidan raccoon. Karamin, mai komai kuma mafi yawan dabbobi masu shayarwa wanda aka lasafta shi azaman mai cin abincin dare, mazaunin bishiya da girman girman karamin kyanwa. A cikin mutane gama gari, ana kiranta beyar mai ɗaure, haka kuma zuma ko beyar fure, ɗauka a matsayin tushen fassara daga asalin asalin Indiyawan don mazaunin ta.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Kinkajou
Kinkazu shine kawai wakilin jinsinsa, yayin da aka sani game da wanzuwar ƙananan rabe-raben goma sha huɗu. Wadannan halittu an daɗe ana danganta su da birrai don bayyanar su, kwatankwacin lemurids, har ma sun rikice da wakilan marten. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa ba kasafai mutane ke haduwa da wadannan dabbobi ba saboda yanayin rayuwar su ta dare kuma yana da wahala a yi nazarin su.
Zai yiwu a iya tantance iyalai da jinsunan kinkajou daidai a karshen karni na 20, ta hanyar binciken DNA da masu bincike suka gudanar. Kamar yadda ya juya, mafi kusancin jinsin zuwa gare su ba lemurs da birai na arachnid ba, amma raccoon olingo da kakomycli, waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin irin wannan yanayin.
Poto, kamar sauran dangin raccoon, suna da tushen asali tare da beyar. A cikin kinkajou, ana iya ganin wannan a cikin abinci da ɗabi'a. Misali, suna iya kamuwa da bacci lokacin sanyi kuma suna da kwanciyar hankali. Har ila yau, duk da tsarin yanayin muƙamuƙan da ke tattare da masu farauta, su, kamar beyar, yawanci suna cin 'ya'yan itace da zuma.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Photo: Dabba kinkajou
Babban kinkajou yana da nauyi daga kilogram daya da rabi zuwa uku, kuma tsayin jiki yana da santimita 40-60. Hakanan suna da wutsiya mai sassauƙa wanda yayi daidai da tsawon jikin dabbar. Tsaye akan kafafu hudu, dabbar ta kai kimanin santimita 20-25 a bushe.
Kinkajou yana da shugaban oval, da d'an madaidaiciyar danshi da kunnuwa zagaye, wadanda aka saukesu kad'an aka fadada su a gefuna. Manyan idanu da siffar hanci sun yi kama da na bear. A lokaci guda, wutsiyar prehensile, wanda dabbar ke taimakawa kanta yayin motsawa, a waje yana sanya ta da alaƙa da birai, wanda ya haifar da rikicewa a ma'anar farko ta iyali. Gabobin ji na kinkajou suna haɓaka ta hanyoyi daban-daban, kuma ji da ƙamshi sun fi ci gaba fiye da gani, saboda haka, waɗannan dabbobin suna jagorantar sararin samaniya, sun dogara da su da farko.
Harshen Kinkajou yana da sassauƙa kuma yana da tsawon santimita 10, wanda, kamar yadda sunan ya bayyana, yana bawa dabbar damar cire ƙuƙumman fure daga fure da zuma daga amya. Yarensu, da rashin alheri, an tsara su da farko don wannan kuma kwata-kwata ba ana nufin abincin dabbobi bane, saboda haka halittu masu ƙanana kaɗan ne kawai ke cikin abincin cin abincin.
Gabobin jikin kinkajou suna da karfi, sun bunkasa sosai, sun yi yawa, matsakaiciya. Kafafun tukunyar ma sun bunkasa sosai, ba su da gashi a ciki kuma suna kama da tafin mutum, wanda ke kawo shi kusa da dabbobi. Legsafafun baya sun fi na ƙafafu na gaba tsawo, wanda ya faru ne saboda buƙatar riƙewa da reshe da ƙarfi tare da jela, suna ratayewa yayin ciyarwa. Theafafun ƙafafun suna da ƙarfi da ƙarfi - wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa dabbar tana yin rayuwarta gaba ɗaya a cikin bishiyoyi.
Abubuwan haɗin kinkajou, ban da gaɓoɓi masu ƙarfi, suna da babban motsi - ƙafafunsu na iya yin juyawa sau 180 cikin sauƙi ba tare da canza matsayin gabobin ba, wanda ke ba shi sauƙi da sauri don sauya alkiblar motsi dangane da yanayin. Jawo na dabba yana da laushi da laushi ga taɓawa, mai kauri da tsawo, kimanin tsawon milimita biyar. Babban gashin yana da launin ruwan kasa, kuma gashin ciki yana da ɗan haske kuma yana da launin ruwan zinare. Hannun dabbar an rufe shi da gashi mai ruwan kasa kuma ya yi duhu dangane da launin baki ɗaya, wanda ya sa ya zama kamar an ɗan rufe shi da datti ko ƙura.
Wutsiyar kinkajou, ba kamar sauran wakilan dangin raccoon ba, mai launi daya ne kuma yana da kalar fata mai ɗan duhu fiye da sauran jikin. Wutsiyar poto tana da saurin gaske kuma an tsara ta da farko don daidaitawa yayin motsi da sauri, haka nan don ƙarin amintaccen riko akan rassa lokacin rataye juye. Hakanan, tare da taimakon jela, suna dumama kansu a cikin mafarki da kuma cikin yanayi mai sanyi, suna nade kansu a ciki kuma suna ɓoye kansu da shi.
Kinkajou yana da alamun (ƙanshi) gland a cikin baki, a wuya da cikin ciki, tare da taimakon wanda suke yiwa yankin alama kuma ya bar alama a kan hanyar da aka bi. Mace kinkajou kuma tana da gwaiwar mammary da ke sama da ciki.
Ina kinkajou yake rayuwa?
Hotuna: Kinkajou bear
Kinkajou yafi rayuwa a cikin wurare masu zafi, musamman dazuzzuka, amma kuma ana iya samun sa a cikin busassun tsaunukan tsaunuka. Kodayake waɗannan dabbobin sun fi son ɓoyewa, ba safai suke farantawa mutane ido ba, bincike ya nuna cewa mazauninsu ya faɗo ko'ina cikin Amurka ta Tsakiya, har ma da Kudancin Amurka - tun daga ƙwanƙolin Sierra Madre massif da ke Mexico har zuwa tudun Andes da kuma gandun daji na Atlantic da ke kudu maso gabashin gabashin Brazil. ...
Sananne ne tabbatacce cewa an hango kinkajou a cikin ƙasashe masu zuwa:
- Belize;
- Bolivia;
- Brazil (Mato Grosso);
- Kolombiya;
- Costa Rica;
- Ecuador;
- Guatemala;
- Guyana;
- Honduras;
- Meziko (Tamaulipas, Guerrero, Michoacan);
- Nicaragua;
- Panama;
- Peru;
- Suriname;
- Venezuela.
Poto yana gudanar da rayuwar sirrin dare kuma da kyar yake sauka daga bishiyoyi - tsawon rayuwar su baza su taba taba kasa ba kwata-kwata. Ana amfani da ramuka na bishiyoyi a matsayin wurin zama na poto, inda suke yin yawancin rana, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ya kasance da matukar wahalar gano su a da kuma har yanzu yana da wahalar samu ko da yanzu.
Menene kinkajou ke ci?
Hoto: Kinkajou furannin fura
Kinkajous na cikin masu farautar dabbobi kuma suna ciyar da kwari, kananan dabbobi masu rarrafe da kananan dabbobi. Amma sunadaina komai kuma duk da tsarin muƙamuƙan, waɗanda suke kama da masu farauta, sune mafi yawan abincin su, 'ya'yan itacen su, zuma da kuma ruwan nectar, wanda ya haifar da rudani cikin ma'anar saboda kamanceceniyar rayuwa da abinci mai gina jiki tare da biran arachnid.
Ba kamar birai ba, amma, kinkajou yana da dogon harshe mai sassauci, kwatankwacin tsari da harshen antar dabba, wanda ya dace da cin 'ya'yan itace da kuma cire tsirrai da zuma daga furanni da amya. Harshensu kuma yana sauƙaƙa isa ga kwari daga ɓarkewar bawon itacen.
Duk da yanayin zaman lafiya, potos kuma yana son lalata tsuntsayen gida da cin abinci a kan ƙwai da ƙananan kajin, duk da cewa harshensu kwata-kwata bai dace da cikakken cin abincin dabbobi ba. Abincin cin abincin, an iyakance shi ne kawai ga ƙananan beraye, tsuntsaye da amphibians, da yaransu da ƙwai.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Kinkajou
A cikin yanayin daji
Potos dabbobin dare ne kuma, tare da farkon duhu, suna shiga cikin aiki, suna barin gidansu don neman abinci. Babban lokacin aiki shine daga 7 na yamma zuwa tsakar dare, da kuma kusan awa ɗaya kafin wayewar gari. Galibi suna kwana a cikin ramuka ko kuma ganye mai yawa, suna guje wa hasken rana.
Kinkajou suna da matukar aiki kuma, godiya ga wayoyi masu sassauci da sassauci, da kuma wata wutsiya mai ƙarfi, suna hanzari suna tafiya tare da rassan bishiyoyi, suna saurin sauya alkibla kuma babu ƙarancin sauƙin motsi ko da baya - a cikin motsi waɗannan dabbobin kusan basa kasa da birai. Tsallewar waɗannan kyawawan dabbobi a tsayi na iya kaiwa mita biyu.
Kinkajou ya daidaita kansu a cikin gandun daji ba wai kawai godiya ga idanunsu ba, har ma da godiya ga alamun da glandon alamominsu (ƙanshin) suke barin, alamar yankin da hanyar da suka bi.
Fursuna
A cikin kasashen da kinkajou ke zaune, dabbobi ne na gari, amma ana ba da shawarar a kiyaye su daya bayan daya - a cikin ma'aurata, wadannan dabbobin suna yawan mu'amala da juna, a zahiri ba sa kulawa da masu su. Suna da matukar wasa, abokantaka da ƙauna, masu kamanceceniya, saboda gashinsu, zuwa kayan wasan yara.
Duk da salon rayuwar dare a muhallinsu na asali, a cikin bauta, tsawon lokaci, rabinsu suna canzawa zuwa yanayin rana, suna amfani da yanayin rayuwar masu su. Hakanan, kinkajou na gida suna matukar son jan hankalin masu masaukin da suke wucewa, da kuma rokon abubuwa masu kyau. rashin iya hakar su da kansu.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Photo: Dabba kinkajou
Tsarin zamantakewa
Kinkajou dabbobi ne na musamman, kuma a cikin mazauninsu na rayuwa suna zaune ne a cikin dangi (mutane da ke rayuwa daban ba su da yawa), wanda yawanci ya haɗa da maza biyu, mace da oneasa biyu ko biyu, yawanci suna da shekaru daban-daban. Kinkajou, duk da haka, abincin abinci ne kai tsaye ko kuma bibbiyu, amma akwai lokuta yayin da iyalai suka je dibar abinci, wanda shine dalilin da yasa suke yawan rikicewa da olingo.
A cikin ƙungiyoyin kinkazu, duk kulawa ta zama ɗaya - suna kwana a tsibi ɗaya, suna shaƙatawa kusa da juna kuma suna tsarkake juna, amma mafi kusancin dangin iyali shine tsakanin maza. Gudanar da yankin ƙasa ya bar daga babba zuwa ƙarami, daga uba zuwa 'ya'ya maza. Kuma, ba kamar sauran nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa ba, a cikin kinkajou mata ne ke barin iyali lokacin da suka kai kimanin shekaru biyu ko uku.
Sake haifuwa
A lokacin kiwo, namiji da mace suna samun daidaito. A sakamakon haka, mace, bayan sun kwashe kimanin kwanaki 115 suna ciki, sai ta haifi daya, da yawa kadan - yara biyu, wadanda tun suna da wata biyu sun riga sun sami ikon mallakar abinci da kansu. Matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar kinkajou a mazauninsa na asali ya kai kimanin shekaru 20, a cikin kamammun zai iya kaiwa 25, kuma mai rikodin mutum ne wanda ya rayu har zuwa shekaru 40 a Gidan Zaman Honolulu.
Abokan gaba na kinkajou
Hotuna: Kinkajou bear
Kinkajou kusan bashi da abokan gaba na al'ada a yawancin mazauninsu. Amma a wasu wuraren har yanzu ana samunsu.
Abokan gaba na gumi sune ainihin wakilan dangi:
- jaguar;
- ocelot;
- jaguarundi;
- taira;
- margai.
Kinkajou kuma yana fama da babban maƙiyin yanayin rayuwa - mutum. Babban haɗari ga kinkajou shi ne yaduwar dazuzzuka da suke rayuwa a ciki, haka nan kuma ba safai ba, amma har yanzu yana faruwa, harbin waɗannan dabbobin masu laushi saboda kyakkyawar fur ko, a wasu ƙasashe, don abinci.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Kinkajou
Babu cikakken bayani game da yawan kinkazhu - akwai kawai bayanai game da matsakaicin yawan jama'a a cikin mahalli na halitta. Yawancin lokaci yana daga 10 zuwa 30 halittu a kowace murabba'in kilomita, amma yankuna kuma ana sane dasu inda adadin dabbobi a wannan yankin ya kai guda 75.
Kinkajou ba jinsin kariya bane ko mai hatsari, kuma babbar barazanar da ke addabar rayuwarsu itace sare bishiyoyi, amma mazauninsu ya yi yawa da ba zai zama abin damuwa ba.
Koyaya, kinkajou suna kan CITES, jerin halittu masu ƙayyadaddun kamawa da cirewa daga wuraren zamansu, waɗanda aka saka su a ciki bisa buƙatar gwamnatin Honduras.
Kinkajou - kyawawan halittu masu natsuwa da ke rayuwa a dazuzzuka kuma suna tafiyar da rayuwar dare ba ta aiki ba. Suna da kyakkyawar mu'amala kuma suna da sauƙin kiyayewa cikin zaman talala, duk da yanayin bayyanar su, kuma dabbobin gida ne da suka fi dacewa da kuliyoyi. Waɗannan dabbobin da ba su da ƙima, duk da haka, suna da kariya ta taron CITES, amma mafi mahimmanci, a sauƙaƙe suna samun tushe.
Ranar bugawa: 25.01.2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 17.09.2019 a 9:23
