Battleships (Cingulata) membobin ƙungiyar Battleships ne da dangin Battleships. Irin wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna daga nau'ikan dabbobi masu dare, wadanda suka fi rayuwa kadai. Daya daga cikin tsoffin dabbobi kuma wadanda ba a saba dasu a duniyarmu akan yankin mahaifarta shine ake kira amadilla ko "dinosaur na aljihu".
Bayanin jirgin yakin
Gabaɗaya an yarda cewa armadillos na farko a duniya ya bayyana kimanin shekaru miliyan 55 da suka gabata, kuma rayuwarsu, ba kamar sauran wakilan dabbobi masu yawa ba, irin waɗannan dabbobin suna da kasancewar wani irin ƙwarya. Aztec din suna kiran armadillos da "zomayen kunkuru", wanda aka bayyana shi ta hanyar karfin irin wannan dabba mai kunnuwane mai dan tsawo don zama a cikin ramuka na musamman, kamar zomayen daji.
Bayyanar
Caraungiyar armadillos ita ce ta mutuntaka, kai da garkuwar ƙugu, da kuma wasu nau'ikan ratsiyoyi iri-iri, waɗanda ke kewaye da jiki daga tarnaƙi da daga sama. Dukkanin sassan harsashin suna hade da juna saboda kasancewar kayan hadewa na roba, wanda yake baiwa garkuwar kariya isasshen motsi. A saman kwasfa akwai faranti na bakin ciki na yanayin polygonal ko murabba'i mai siffar murabba'i. Irin waɗannan faranti sune epidermis.
Garkuwa suna yin sulke akan gabobin, kuma wutsiyar dabbar an rufe ta da zoben ƙashi... Ciki da kuma ɓangaren ɓangarorin hannuwan armadillo masu taushi ne, ba a kiyaye su kwata-kwata, an rufe su da ƙananan gashi marasa ƙarfi. Hakanan ana iya samun irin waɗannan yawan gashi tsakanin dukkanin faranti na ƙashi, wani lokacin ma har ma sikelin jaraba yakan ratsa su. Launin harsashi ya bambanta daga launin ruwan kasa zuwa ruwan hoda. Launin gashi na iya zama daga launin ruwan kasa zuwa fari.
Tsarin mulki na armadillo ya kasance tsugune, ta kasance mai nauyi. Jimlar tsawon jiki galibi yakan kasance daga 12.5-100 cm, tare da matsakaita nauyin 60-90 kg. Tsawon wutsiyar dabbar ya kai cm 2.5-50. Babban abin bakin ciki na dabba yana da gajere, mai kusurwa uku ko kuma a bayyane. Idanun ba su da girma sosai, an rufe su da fatar ido mai kauri.
Gajerun gabobin suna da ƙarfi, an daidaita su sosai don haƙawa. Feetafafun gaban kafa uku ne ko biyar, tare da ƙarfi da kaifi, sanannun ƙusoshin hanu. Limashin bayan armadillo yatsu biyar ne. Kwanyar dabbar tana kwance a cikin dorsoventral direction. Duk wasu wakilan dangin masu shayarwa basu da irin wadannan hakora masu canzawa, wanda adadin su a cikin armadillos ya banbanta daga guda 28 zuwa 90. Adadin hakora na iya bambanta ba kawai a cikin wakilan jinsuna daban-daban ba, har ma a cikin mutane na shekaru daban-daban ko jima'i.
Armadillos yana da ƙananan hakora masu motsi ba tare da enamel da tushen tsarin ba. A lokaci guda, hakora koyaushe suna girma. Harshen da ke cikin wakilan nau'ikan da yawa na da danko da tsayi, dabbobi suna amfani da shi don kamawa da cin abincin da aka samo.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ya kamata a sani cewa armadillos ba zai iya jimre da yanayin daskarewa ba, saboda haka yaduwar su ga sandunan ba su da iyaka.
Armadillos ya inganta sosai ji da ƙamshi, kuma idanun irin waɗannan dabbobi ba shi da ƙarfi, don haka ba za su iya bambanta launuka na abubuwan kewaye ba. An rage tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, kuma masu alamomin zafin jiki kai tsaye sun dogara da yanayin muhalli, saboda haka, zasu iya sauka daga 36 zuwa 32 ° C.
Salon rayuwa, hali
Inda armadillos ke rayuwa, yankuna suna da yanayin kasancewar ƙasa mai yashi, kuma don gina gidajen su, irin waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna zaɓar wuraren da suke kusa da manyan tururuwa, wanda ke sauƙaƙa neman abinci.
Armadillos ya jagoranci rayuwa sau da yawa, shi ya fi son yin magana da manyan 'yan uwansu musamman a lokacin kiwo. Lokaci-lokaci, ana samun armadillos nau'i-nau'i ko ƙananan ƙungiyoyi.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ana cikin haka ramin ramuka, armadillos yana kiyaye kawunansu sosai, kuma dabbobin suna amfani da ƙwayoyin baya na musamman don motsawa cikin ƙasa.
A duk ranar da rana, dabbobi masu shayarwa suna hutawa a cikin kabarinsu, kuma da daddare ne kawai suke farauta don neman abinci... Koda karamin hatsari zai iya tsoratar da dabba matsakaiciya. Misali, ruwan hoda armadillo nan da nan ya binne kansa a cikin yashi, wanda dogayen fika ke tsinkewa. Daga gefe, irin waɗannan motsin suna kama da iyo na yau da kullun. Dabbobi masu shayarwa suna iya gudu da sauri sosai kuma suyi iyo sosai.
Har yaushe armadillo yake rayuwa
A yanzu haka babu ingantattun bayanai game da tsawon rayuwar armadillo a cikin yanayi, amma da alama irin wannan mai shayarwar zai iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru 8-12. A cikin bauta, shekarun irin wannan dabba sun fi tsayi, saboda haka yana iya kaiwa shekaru ashirin.
Jima'i dimorphism
Bambance-bambance tsakanin maza da mata, waɗanda dimorphism ya wakilta, ya bayyana a cikin dabbobi yayin aiwatar da juyin halitta. Toari da ƙa'idar "kawai mafi ƙanƙantar da rai", akwai kuma ainihin ma'anar zaɓin jima'i a cikin hanyar cire ƙarancin daidaitattun mutane daga aikin haifuwa. Manyan maza na armadillo yawanci suna da ɗan nauyi fiye da mata.
Nau'in jirgin ruwan yaki
Achungiyar jirgin ruwa tana wakiltar dangi ɗaya na zamani da tsoffin tsoffin biyu, sun riga sun mutu. Gabaɗaya, jiragen yaƙi guda goma sha biyu suna cikin rukunin da ke yau, amma sanannun shahara sune:
- Jirgin ruwan yaki mai bel guda tara (Dasypus novemcinctus) yana da tsayin jiki a tsakanin zangon 32-57 cm da kuma jela tsawon 21-45 cm. nau'in yana da kunkuntar, mai kusurwa uku tare da manyan kunnuwa masu motsi. Karapace launin ruwan kasa ne tare da ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan haske. Wutsiyar ta rufe zobban zobba 12-15. Groupsananan ƙungiyoyi na gashi suna rufe abin bakin ciki, wuya da ƙasa;
- Mai dogon gashi armadillo (Chaetophractus vellerosus) ya bambanta a tsayin jiki, wanda bai wuce kwata na mita ba. Duk jikin mai shayarwa, da carapace, an lullube shi da gashin kasa-kasa mai haske;
- Bristly armadillo (Chaetophractus villosus) ana alamta shi da launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa, kasancewar harsashi a baya, ɓangaren sama na kai da jela. A tsakiyar yankin dorsal akwai belin 6-7, wanda aka wakilta ta layuka masu juzu'i na faranti masu motsi waɗanda suke da siffar mai tsawon murabba'i biyu. Kan yana da fadi da faɗi, tare da layuka masu tsayi na ƙira a ƙarƙashin idanu. An rufe saman gefen gaban goge da sikeli mara ɗari biyu, yayin da sauran jikin yana da kauri da kuma kunkuntar fata da warts;
- Jirgin ruwan frill (Chlamyphorus truncatus) ya bambanta a tsayi har zuwa 90-115 cm, ban da wutsiya, yana da kodadde ruwan hoda ko ruwan hoda. Lokacin da aka firgita, wannan nau'in mai shayarwa yana iya binne kansa a cikin ƙasa cikin secondsan daƙiƙoƙi;
- Jirgin ruwa mai ɗamara shida (Euphractus sexcinctus) yana cikin halittar jini ta Euphractus. Jikin dabbobi masu shayarwa galibi launin rawaya ne, amma wasu duhu ne masu haske ko launuka masu launin ja mai launin ja;
- Babban jirgin ruwan yaƙi (Karancin maximus) yana da tsayin jiki a tsakanin 75-100 cm, tare da nauyin 18-19 zuwa 30-35 kg. Mafi girman nau'ikan nau'in armadillo, yana da maɓuɓɓugan ruwan baƙi mai motsi da launuka masu yawa. Ciki na dabba yana da ɗan haske. Hannun tubular yana da hakora ɗari ɗari suna nuna baya.
Jirgin yakin yana da sunan su ga masu cin nasara. Waɗannan mayaƙan Mutanen Spain sun sa kayan ƙarfe na ƙarfe, wanda a zahiri yayi kama da baƙuwar dabba mai shayarwa.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Wani abin ban sha'awa shine cewa tsawon jiki, wanda magabatan armadillos na zamani suka mallaka, ya kai kimanin mita uku.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Hoton Jirgin ruwan yaƙi na Nine-Belt ya bazu ko'ina a Tsakiya, Arewa da Kudancin Amurka... An rarrabe shi da filastik na muhalli da kasancewar shi a wurare daban-daban, kuma kusancin mutum ga wakilan wannan nau'in ba shine iyakancewa ba. Armadillos mai dogon gashi ya zama ruwan dare a cikin Gran Chaco, da kuma a cikin pampas na Argentina, Chile, Bolivia da Paraguay, inda suke zaune a yankuna masu bushe da gandun daji marasa ƙaranci, a cikin subtropics, a filayen ciyawa mai ciyayi da ƙananan ciyayi.
Armadillo mai tsattsauran ra'ayi yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin yankunan Argentina, Paraguay da Bolivia. Jirgin ruwan yakin mai dauke da bel guda shida ya bazu a kasashen Ajantina, Brazil, Uruguay, Bolivia da Paraguay. Ana samun keɓaɓɓun mutane a Suriname. Giant armadillos mafi yawancin suna rayuwa ne a Kudancin Amurka, ya bazu daga yankin kudancin Venezuela zuwa yankuna na Paraguay da arewacin Argentina.
Armadillo abinci
Matsakaicin abincin armadillos a cikin yanayin yanayi ya haɗa da na dabbobi da na tsire-tsire, amma turmi da tururuwa su ne babban abincin irin waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa. Dabbar kwari tana cin ƙwayoyin cuta da wasu kwari, suna cin matakan su, manya, har ila yau, kadangaru, gizo-gizo, tsutsotsi da kunamai. Armadillos na iya ciyar da gawar da kayan sharar gida, da ƙwai tsuntsaye da fruitsa fruitsan itace.
Yawancin jinsuna suna cikin jinsin kusan dabbobi masu cin komai. Wakilan ƙungiyar Battleship da dangin Battleship suna matukar amfani da ingantaccen hanci mai matukar tasiri, wanda ke basu damar yin warin abinci koda a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Tare da taimakon dogayen ƙusoshin hannu kuma masu ƙarfi, ana fitar da ganima, bayan an tattara ta tare da dogon harshe mai tsini sosai kuma ana ci.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Tsarin kiwo na armadillos ana ɗaukarsa na musamman tsakanin dabbobi masu shayarwa.... Na farko, mafi mahimmancin sifa shine ikon jinkirta haɓakar cikin mahaifar amfrayo.
Tsawancin irin wannan jinkirin na iya zama watanni biyu zuwa huɗu, kuma a wasu lokuta ma ya kai shekaru biyu. Wannan tsari yana bawa dabba mai shayarwa damar '' zato '' lokacin da aka haifa offspringa foranta don lokacin, wanda ya keɓance da mafi kyawun yanayi, gami da wadataccen abinci da yanayin zafin jiki mai dacewa.
Siffa ta biyu ta haihuwar armadillos tana wakiltar gaskiyar cewa ga wasu nau'ikan, gami da tarawar armadillo, haihuwar tagwayen ƙwai daya ne kawai halayyar. Adadin jariran da aka haifa na iya bambanta daga ɗaya zuwa uku ko huɗu, amma koyaushe jariran da aka haifa na mata ne ko na maza, waɗanda ke da harsashi mai taushi na ruwan hoda mai haske. Yayinda dabba ta bunkasa kuma ta girma, sai kwasfa ta yi tauri, wanda hakan ya faru ne saboda ci gaban da ke cikin faranti.
Makiya na halitta
Kodayake akwai amintattun makamai masu kariya a cikin tsari na harsashi, dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da abokan gaba da yawa a cikin mazauninsu. Sau da yawa, wakilan gandun daji da kuliyoyi, da kifi da kadoji, suna farautar armadillos, amma girmansa.
Dabbobin gida kamar su karnuka da kuliyoyi na iya haifar da haɗari mai girma ba wai ga matasa kawai ba, har ma ga tsofaffin armadillos. Wasu 'yan Adam mutane sukan farautar su, tunda mazaunan yankin suna cin naman armadillos, kuma ana sayar da bawon ga masu yawon buɗe ido a matsayin abubuwan tunawa masu tsada da tsada. Yawancin yaƙe-yaƙe sun mutu a ƙarƙashin ƙafafun ababen hawa a kan manyan hanyoyi.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Sabanin yadda ake yadawa, jinsin halittu guda biyu ne kawai, wadanda suke daga nau'in almara bel uku, sun banbanta da damar birgima cikin wani dan tsako mai yawa don kare kai, kuma sauran dangi basu da irin wannan damar saboda yawan bel da faranti.
Don kuɓuta daga abokan gaba, armadillos yana amfani da wayo da kariya na kariya. Idan masu farauta sunyi ƙoƙarin shiga cikin ramin irin wannan dabba mai shayarwa, to ana toshe ƙofar da sauri tare da taimakon faranti masu ƙarfi. Daga waje, irin wannan toshewar yana kama da abin toshe kwalaben kwalba a cikin fitowarta, don haka mai farautar ba shi da damar isa abin farautarsa.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
A ƙarshen karnin da ya gabata, jimillar wakilan ƙungiyar Battleships da suka rabu da dangin Battleship sun ragu sosai, saboda haka, a halin yanzu, an jera ire-iren waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa goma sha biyu a cikin littafin Red Book na Duniya.
Hakanan zai zama mai ban sha'awa:
- Dabbobin Afirka
- Saiga ko saiga
- Bandicoots (Latin Bandicota)
- Manatees (Latin Trichechus)
Manyan jiragen ruwan yakin da ke cike da farin ciki yanzu suna cikin barazanar hallaka gabaɗaya kuma suna buƙatar kariya ta musamman.
