Fluffy, masu wasa otters sun jawo hankalin mutane da yawa don halayensu na ban dariya da bayyanar kyakkyawa. Dabbobi ne masu hankali da ke iya aiwatar da dabaru masu sauƙi. Amma tare da irin waɗannan halaye masu ban sha'awa, akwai gaskiyar abubuwan da ba zato ba tsammani. Misali, otter na iya yin gogayya da saurayin samartaka yayin faɗa kuma har ma ya kayar da shi. Kuma ta yaya waɗannan talanti masu rikice-rikice suke rayuwa tare a dabba ɗaya, zamuyi magana a cikin labarin.
Bayanin otter
Otters membobin gidan weasel ne.... Su masu cin nama ne na gaske waɗanda ke da hakora mai ƙarfi da manyan hakora masu lankwasa. Wannan tsarin yana basu damar fasa bawon mollusc. Kogin ruwan teku yana da maƙusassun fiɗa a gaban goshinsu, yana sanya su haɗari musamman don yaƙi.
Bayyanar
Bayyanar da girman otters kai tsaye sun dogara da nau'in su. Masu juyawa daga kogi suna da dogayen jiki, saukakku, gajerun kafafu, yatsun kafafu, da doguwar jela. Duk waɗannan gyare-gyaren suna da mahimmanci don rayuwar su ta ruwa. Jikin otter an lulluɓe shi da ɗamarar launin ruwan kasa mai haske a sama da wuta, tare da launin azurfa a ciki. An raba fur din kanta zuwa babbar rigar waje mai kauri da kuma rigar kariya mai rufin gaske. Otters kusan koyaushe suna tsabtace gashinsu, saboda dabba mai datti Jawo na iya mutuwa a lokacin sanyi na hunturu. Tsabtataccen fur mai laushi na taimakawa dumi, tunda kusan babu kitse a jikin otter.
Manya daga cikin jinsunan kogin suna da tsayi a tsawon santimita 120, gami da wutsiya, kuma nauyinsu ya kai kilo 9 zuwa 13. Matan manya sun fi ƙanƙanta. Kogin otters wani lokacin kuskure ne don dan uwan dangin su. Koyaya, maza na wakilan ruwa sun kai girman santimita 180 kuma nauyinsu yakai kilogram 36. Otters na teku yana dacewa da ruwan gishiri, suna iyo zuwa bakin tekun kawai don hutawa da haihuwa. Mutanen kogi na iya yin tafiya mai nisa a kan ƙasa.
Kogin otters yana son yin wasa a kan dutsen santsi ko gabar ƙanƙarar ƙanƙara, wani lokacin ma kuna iya ganin tsattsaga daga jikinsu a cikin dusar ƙanƙara. Abubuwan da suke gabatarwa suna bayyana akan shafukan memes akan Intanet, yana sanya mu yawan murmushi. Amma kar a manta cewa kamannun na iya yaudara.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Otter yana da sirri sosai. Yaudarar ta da wuraren ruwa daban-daban, daga ƙananan rafuka zuwa manyan rafuka, tafkuna masu tsayi, lagoons na bakin teku da rairayin bakin teku masu yashi. Koyaya, otters da ke rayuwa a gabar tekun gishiri dole ne su sami damar zuwa wasu wuraren zama na ruwa domin yin iyo. Kowane mutum na son yin alama ga yankinsu. A cikin iyakokinta, otter na iya samun wuraren hutawa da yawa, waɗanda ake kira sofas da murhun ƙasa - holts, waɗanda za a iya samun su a wata babbar tazara (har zuwa kilomita 1) daga kogin. Otters ba sa yin gida. Sun mallaki burbushin katsewa ko maɓuɓɓugan ƙarƙashin duwatsu da tushen itacen.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Kogin kogin yana aiki dare da rana, idan basu fahimci haɗari ko kasancewar mutum kusa da su ba. Duk lokacin da suke a farke ana amfani dashi akan hanyoyin tsafta, ciyarwa da wasannin waje. Kogin otters yana aiki a duk shekara, kuma suna kan tafiya koyaushe. Iyakar abin da aka keɓe sune mata masu yin zuriya.
Don kallon otters, kuna buƙatar zama shuru a wuri ɗaya sama da ruwa. Ya kamata ku sami kusurwar ra'ayi daga abin da mai lura ba zai bayyana cikin ruwa ba. Masu kogin suna faɗakarwa, suna da ƙwarewar ji da ƙamshi, amma sun kasance marasa hangen nesa, kuma ba za su iya lura da mai lura ba idan ba shi da motsi. Duk da kyaun yanayin dabba, kada ka yi ƙoƙari ka kusanci taro. Kodayake galibi ba sa faɗar da mutane, ba shi yiwuwa a yi hasashen halin mace tare da jariran.
Otter nawa ke rayuwa
A cikin daji, otters na rayuwa har zuwa shekaru goma. Lokacin da aka kiyaye su cikin kamuwa da kyau, an ƙara tsawon rayuwarsu.
Jima'i dimorphism
Mata da na maza sun zama kusan iri ɗaya. Bambanci kawai na iya zama girman dabba, maza da yawa sun fi girma.
Jinsunan Otter
Akwai nau'ikan otter 12... Akwai 13 daga cikinsu har sai da aka ayyana kogin Jafananci Otter a shekarar 2012. Wadannan dabbobin ana samunsu ko'ina sai Australia da Antarctica. Wasu na cikin ruwa ne na musamman, kamar masu narkon teku waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin Tekun Pacific.
Kuma wasu suna kashe fiye da rabin lokacinsu a kan ƙasa, kamar ƙaton otter da ke rayuwa a dazukan da ke damuna na Kudancin Amurka. Duk suna cin kifi, kifin kifi, lobsters da ƙananan dabbobin da aka samu a bakin teku. Manyan otters a kai a kai suna ciyar da piranhas, har ma da sanannun sanannun sanannu sun faɗa cikin abincinsu.
Mafi ƙarancin otter shine ƙaramin gashi na Gabas ko Asiya. Wannan kyakkyawa ce, ƙaramar dabba mai nauyin kilogram 4.5. Tersananan masu gashin otters suna rayuwa cikin rukunin dangi na mutane 6 zuwa 12. Ana samun su a cikin dausayi, kusa da gefen tabkuna da koguna a kudancin Asiya, amma yawansu yana raguwa saboda mazauninsu na asali ya ɓace.
Otter na Turai, wanda aka fi sani da Eurasian ko otter na kowa, shine nau'in da aka fi sani. Wadannan dabbobin suna da saurin daidaitawa kuma suna iya rayuwa akan abinci iri-iri wadanda suka hada da kifi zuwa kaguwa. Ana iya samun su a ko'ina cikin Turai, a yankuna da yawa na Asiya, har ma a wasu sassan Arewacin Afirka. Wadannan otters yawanci su kadai ne. Suna aiki koyaushe dare da rana, kuma suna farauta duk a cikin ruwa da kan ƙasa.
Babban otter shine nau'in mafi tsayi, wanda ya kai santimita 214 a tsayi ban da wutsiya da kilogram 39 a nauyi. Waɗannan otters sune mafi yawancin jinsunan jama'a kuma suna da ɗan rayuwa irin ta kerkeci. Rukuni daban-daban daga cikinsu suna da haɗin Alfa, waɗanda sune kawai ke haifar da ɗiya. Hakanan suna farauta a cikin fakiti, suna kashe kuma suna cin caimans, birai da anacondas. Amma babban nau'in abinci shine kifi.
Abincin ya ta'allaka ne akan kifi, dabbobi masu shayarwa da kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa. Wani lokacin zomaye sukan zama ganima. Waɗannan su ne ainihin otter waɗanda ke son hawa kan tsaunukan dusar ƙanƙara. Otter na teku mai riƙe da nauyi ne. Wani babban mutum ya kai nauyin kilogiram 45 a nauyi. Wata dabba ce dake rayuwa a Tekun Fasifik.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Kogin Arewacin Amurka Otter dabba ce wacce take da tsawon santimita 90 zuwa 12 daga hanci zuwa jela kuma nauyinta ya kai kilogram 18. Galibi suna zaune ne a ƙananan ƙungiyoyi, da ƙyar su kaɗaici.
Da wuya otter din teku ya bayyana a gabar teku. Har ma suna cin abinci a bayansu suna amfani da ciki a matsayin farantin. Waɗannan dabbobin suna amfani da ƙananan duwatsu daga ƙasa don fasa bawo na molluscs, wanda alama ce ta ƙwarewar hankali.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Yankin Otter na iya shimfidawa na tsawon kilomita da yawa... Jimlar tsawon zangon ya dogara da samuwar abinci. An yi imanin cewa an sami ƙananan yankuna a yankunan bakin teku, sun kai kilomita 2. Ana samun yankuna mafi tsayi a cikin koramu masu tsaunuka, inda mutane a cikin kewayon kusan kilomita 20 sune mazaunin ɗan adam don abinci. Yankin maza, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya fi na mata girma. Wasu lokuta sukan zoba. Jimlar yawan mutane an kiyasta kusan manya 10,000.
Territoryasar da aka mamaye, kowane otter na iya amfani da gidaje da yawa. Sun mallaki raƙuman ruwa na dutsen, maɓuɓɓugai da kwalliya a asalin bishiyoyin da ke girma a gefen koguna da tafkuna. Waɗannan nests na gida suna da hanyoyin da ba za a iya gani daga waje ba don tabbatar da lafiyar dabbar. Otters ba sa gina gida, amma suna iya mamaye gidajen da aka bari na zomaye ko beavers. Hakanan, otter yana da mahalli masu mahimmanci - wanda yake nesa da ciyayi masu yawa daga ruwa. Wajibi ne don batun ambaliyar ruwa ta babban.
Abincin Otter
Kogin otters masu ba da dama ne, suna ciyar da abinci iri-iri, amma yawanci kifi. Galibi suna cinye ƙananan, kifi mai saurin motsawa kamar kifi, ƙyamar laka. Koyaya, masu sihiri suna neman kifin kifi, suna biye masu nisa.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Kogin otters yana narkewa da haɗuwa da abinci da sauri cewa duk adadin da aka ci yana tafiya ta hanjin cikin sa'a ɗaya kawai.
Kogin otters kuma yana cin naman fure, kifin kifi, kifin kifi, amphibians, manyan ƙwaro mai ruwa, tsuntsaye (galibi waɗanda suka ji rauni ko agwagwa da geese), ƙwai tsuntsaye, ƙwai kifi da ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa (muskrats, bera, matasa beavers). A ƙarshen hunturu, yawanci ruwa yakan sauka ƙasa da kankara a cikin kogunan sanyi da tafkuna, suna barin wani iska na iska wanda zai bawa maharan kogi damar tafiya da farauta daidai ƙasan kankara.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Kodayake otters na iya yin kiwo a kowane lokaci na shekara, yawancin suna yin haka a lokacin bazara ko farkon bazara. Mace tana amfani da alamun kamshi don sanya wa maza alama cewa suna shirye su sadu.
Ciki yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni biyu, bayan haka ana haifar da ofan ƙuruciya. Yawanci akwai jarirai biyu ko uku a cikin kwandon shara, amma an ruwaito biyar. Wani watanni 2, kafin farawar cin gashin kan jarirai, mahaifiya tana jan su tsakanin gidajen. Matasa masu sauyawa suna kasancewa cikin ƙungiyar kusan watanni shida ko fiye kafin su watse don kafa danginsu.
Makiya na halitta
Otters na teku suna amfani da nasu saurin da saurin amfani don kare kansu... Nau'in kogin sun fi zama masu rauni, musamman yayin da suke kan tudu. Masu farautar dabbobi (coyotes, karnukan daji, cougars da beyar) suna kai wa samari samari hari.
Hakanan mutane suna kama otters don sarrafa yawan kifaye a cikin kududdufai masu zaman kansu da gonakin kifin kasuwanci da kuma hana lalacewar kadarori masu zaman kansu. Jawo wannan halittar shima yana da amfani. Tasiri mafi tasiri akan yawan otter sun hada da tabarbarewar ingancin ruwa saboda gurbatar sinadarai da zaizayar kasa, da canje-canje a muhallan bakin kogi saboda canje-canje.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
A yau, akwai kimanin otters 3,000 na California da kuma 168,000 Alaskan da Rasha otters a cikin daji. Yawan otter na Irish ya kasance ɗayan mafi daidaito a Turai.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Akwai wasu shaidu da ke nuna cewa an sami raguwar yaduwar wannan nau'in tun lokacin da aka fara binciken kasa a farkon shekarun 1980.
Ana fatan cewa za a magance dalilan wannan koma baya ta hanyar gano yankuna na musamman na kiyayewa, ci gaba na kasa da ci gaba masu zurfin bincike. Haɗarin da ke tattare da yawan otter a halin yanzu shi ne wadataccen abinci a mazauninsu da kuma samar da wuraren nishaɗi da ƙyamar wurare.
