Yawancinsu suna samun sandar bazara. Sun je siyen hazikin Dzungarian mai kyakkyawar ɗabi'a, kuma sun kawo hamster na cizon Campan gida.
Bayanin hamster na Campbell
Suna da kama da juna a wani lokacin an san Phodopus campbelli (Campbell's hamster) a matsayin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi Sterwan hamzari na Dzungarian... Yanzu duka beraye suna wakiltar nau'ikan halittu masu zaman kansu 2, amma jinsi daya shine Upland Hamsters. Dabbar ta bashi takamaiman suna ga Baturen Ingila CW Campbell, wanda a shekarar 1904 shine farkon wanda ya kawo hamster zuwa Turai.
Bayyanar
Wannan sandar ƙarami ce mai ɗan gajeren wutsiya, da ƙarancin girma har zuwa 10 cm (tare da nauyin 25-50 g) - yawancin mutane ba su wuce tsawon cm 7 ba. In ba haka ba, hamster na Campbell yana da kamannin ɗan sanda mai kama da jiki - jiki mai ɗaci, mai kai zagaye da kunnuwa masu kyau, wayo (kunkuntar wajen hanci) bakin fuska da baƙaƙen ido.
Hamsters na Campbell (kamar dzungariks) suna da jakunkuna na musamman na gland a cikin kusoshin bakinsu, inda ake samar da wani sirri mai dauke da wari. Legsafafun gaba suna ƙare da yatsun kafa huɗu, da na baya da biyar.
Bambanci daga hamzarin Dzungarian:
- babu tabo a kan kambi;
- kunnuwa karami ne;
- rashin gashi a kan "tafin kafa";
- an yarda da jajayen idanu;
- dunƙule (fitarwa) gashi;
- baya shudewa / baya canza launi don hunturu;
- asalin fur din da ke ciki ba fari ba ne (kamar na mai ɗauke da cutar), amma launin toka;
- daga sama yayi kama da mutum takwas, yayin da dzungarik shine ƙwai.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A cikin dzhungarik, wani tsiri da aka faɗi yana gudana tare da baya, wanda ya faɗaɗa zuwa kan kansa, yana yin lu'ulu'u. A cikin hamster na Campbell, ya daidaita daidai tsawon tsawon, ba mai ban mamaki ba, kuma galibi ba a rarrabewa.
Mafi shaharar launi mafi kyau na hamster na hamster shine agouti, tare da saman toka mai yashi, farin ciki / madara da layin duhu a bayanta. Launin kai yana ɗaukar monochrome: yawanci launi ne mai yashi na sama (ba tare da ratsi ba), ƙyalli mai haske da ciki. Idan ana so, zaku iya samun baƙar fata, satin, kunkuru, azurfa har ma da farin (albino) Campbell hamsters.
Hali da salon rayuwa
A dabi'a, beraye suna zama nau'i-nau'i ko ƙananan ƙungiyoyi (tare da jagora), suna kiyaye cikakken yanki. Stersan hamster na Campbell suna da salon rayuwa na dare: suna haɓaka irin wannan kwazo sosai har suna ɗumi jiki zuwa + digiri 40. Suna bacci kusa da wayewar gari - yayin hutu, zazzabin jiki ya ragu, zuwa +20 digiri. A cewar masana ilimin halitta, irin wannan salon yana taimaka wajan amfani da kuzari yadda ya kamata.
A cikin fursunoni, Campan Hamsters da yawa ba sa zama tare da danginsu, suna nuna tsananin rashin haƙuri da zalunci, wanda ya zama faɗa.... Hakanan ba abokantaka bane ga mutane, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake ɗaukarsa mafi ƙanƙantar hamsters. Dan sanda a zahiri baya tabo, baya son zama akan hannayensa da abin kunya yayin kokarin sanya abubuwa cikin gidansa.
Rashin yarda ya kwararo cikin cizon da ake gani, wanda sababin sa shine:
- tsoro daga babbar murya / motsi na mai shi;
- ƙanshin abinci yana fitowa daga hannu;
- rashin ma'adinan dutse a cikin kwayar halitta;
- riko mara kyau na dabbar gidan (an ɗauke shi daga ƙasa / gefe, amma ba daga sama ba).
Mahimmanci! Idan da gaske kuna son hamster ya zauna a hannayenku, sanya tafinku kusa da shi - zai hau can da kansa.
Har yaushe hamsters na rayuwa?
Matsakaicin wakilin jinsin yana rayuwa, a yanayi da kuma zaman talala, bai fi shekaru 1-2 ba. Tsawon lokaci, tare da kyakkyawar kulawa da ƙoshin lafiya, na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 3, amma wannan ba safai ba.
Jima'i dimorphism
Hanya mafi sauki don tantance jinsi na Campbell hamster shine kasancewar / rashin gwajin. Swusassun kumburi irin na almond a cikin ruwan kwaya suna bayyana bayan kwanaki 35-40, suna ƙaruwa yayin da sandar ƙarfe ke girma. Matsaloli yawanci sukan taso ne tare da dabbobin da ba a iya ganin gabobin haihuwa da su, da kuma wadanda kwayoyin halittar jikinsu ba sa sauka a cikin mahaifa (cryptorchidism).
Bambancin jinsi da ake gani
- mace tana da layuka 2 na kan nono ("pimples" a cikin mutanen da ba su balaga ba), yayin da a cikin maza - ciki, ya cika da ulu;
- maza suna da launin rawaya (gland) a cibiya, yayin da mata ba su da shi.
A cikin ƙananan beraye masu makonni 3-4, ana duba wurin mafitsara da dubura. A cikin namiji, duka "fita" an raba su ta wurin da gashi ya girma, kuma a cikin mace, dubura kusan tana kusa da farji. Idan kaga rami guda, to akwai wata mace a gabanka.
Wurin zama, mazauni
A cikin daji, ƙwarjin Campbell yana zaune a cikin China, Mongolia, Russia (Tuva, Transbaikalia, Buryatia) da Kazakhstan. Yana zaune a hamadar hamada, hamadar daji da tuddai.
Beraye sun tono ramuka zuwa zurfin mita 1, an basu kayan daki, da ƙofar 4-6 da kuma dakin adana tsaba. Wani lokaci malalaci ne kuma ya mamaye burbushin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.
Kulawa da hamster
Wadannan hamsters masu kafafun kafa suna da fa'idodi da yawa, saboda abin da aka zaba su don kiyaye gida:
- bayyanar kyau;
- karamin karami (ba buƙatar babban keji, 'yan farashin abinci);
- babu wani wari mara dadi ko da tare da kulawa mara kyau;
- yana buƙatar kulawa kaɗan, wanda ya dace da mutane masu aiki.
Amma Campbell's hamster shima yana da halaye marasa kyau, saboda shi ne ake gane jinsin a matsayin wanda bai isa ba kuma yana da kyau a lura dashi daga gefe.
Rashin amfani:
- bai dace da abun cikin rukuni ba;
- bai dace da iyalai masu ƙananan yara (ƙasa da shekaru 12) ba;
- saboda salon rayuwar dare, yana tsakaita da barcin wasu;
- baya hango canjin yanayi.
Mahimmanci! Idan kayi akwatinan dabbobi da yawa, to, kada a bar su a tsaye ba tsawan lokaci. Hamsters Campbells suna iya yin yaƙi har zuwa jini har ma da mutuwar ɗayan abokan hamayyar.
Cage cike
Ga mutum ɗaya, akwatin kifaye / kejin 0.4 * 0.6 m zai dace... Kejin ya kamata ya sami sanduna a kwance a tazarar da ta kai 0.5 cm don kada sandar ya fita. An sanya keji a wuri mai haske, amma ba wuri mai wahala ba, nesa da rana, kayan aikin dumama daki da dakunan kwana, don kar su ji karar daren. Kada a ajiye abubuwa kusa da keji da hamster zai iya jan ciki da taunawa. Tabbatar cewa kyanwa ba ta cin naman. Sanya filler a ƙasan, kamar sawdust.
Kayan aiki da kayan haɗi waɗanda dole ne a sanya su a cikin gida:
- mai ciyarwa - mafi kyawun yumbu, don kada hamster ya juya shi;
- mashaya - zai fi dacewa ta atomatik (ba za a iya juye shi ba);
- dabaran da ke hade da farfajiyar kadaici don kada ya cutar da kafafuwa - rigakafin hypodynamia da kiba;
- gidan filastik - a nan rodent ya ɓoye kayayyaki kuma ya gina gida daga ciyawa mai laushi (ba a cire jaridu da riguna: na farko yana ƙunshe da tawada bugawa, na biyun yana tsokanar rauni a ɓangarori).
Lokaci-lokaci, ana ba da izinin fitar da dabbobin don tafiya a ƙarƙashin kulawa. Lura cewa hamster da ke zaune a cikin rukuni, bayan yawo, abokan aikin sa, waɗanda suka tsorata da sabon ƙanshin sa zasu iya kai masa hari.
Abinci, tsarin ciyarwa
Bera ba shiri don yunwa saboda saurin saurin saurin motsa jiki kuma yana daukar kusan kashi 70% na nauyinsa kowace rana. Asalin abincin shine hatsi. Zaku iya siyan shirye-shiryen hatsi da aka shirya ko sanya su a gida ta hanyar haɗuwa daidai da hatsi, masara, wake, alkama, tsaba (kabewa / sunflower) da kwayoyi.
Hakanan menu ya haɗa da:
- kayan lambu, ban da kabeji, albasa, tafarnuwa da tumatir;
- busassun 'ya'yan itatuwa da' ya'yan itatuwa, ban da 'ya'yan itacen citrus;
- clover, dill, faski da salad Olivier;
- cuku na gida, yogurt, madara da cuku;
- porridge (semolina, oatmeal, alkama);
- hanta, kaza da kashin shanu;
- harbe na apple, ceri da Birch.
Yawancin masu mallaka ba sa sabawa da beraye zuwa jadawalin ciyarwa mai tsauri (1-2 p. Wata rana), yana ba su damar samun abinci ba dare ba rana. Kawai ya zama dole a cire rubabbun kayan da hamster yake boyewa a kusurwoyi daban daban na keji daga lokaci zuwa lokaci.
Cutar cututtuka
Stersan hamster na Campbell ba sa shan wahala sosai daga haihuwa kamar daga cututtukan da aka samu, waɗanda mafi yawan su sune:
- conjunctivitis - sau da yawa bayan rauni daga hay, sawdust da sauran gutsutsuren ƙasashen waje;
- glaucoma - ido (saboda tsananin matsa lamba na ido) yana faɗaɗawa kuma ya fashe, fatar ido tana girma tare. Ba a magance cutar;
- yaduwar ciwan ciki, mai saurin yaduwar cuta wanda aka fi sani da wutsiyar wutsiya;
- gudawa - yana faruwa ne saboda kurakuran ciyarwa, kamuwa da cuta da kuma bayan maganin rigakafi;
- m serous Armstrong meningitis - mai saurin yaduwar kwayar cutar da ke shafar tsarin kulawa na tsakiya da kwakwalwa;
- neoplasms - yawanci ana lura dasu a cikin tsofaffin dabbobi;
- eczema - yana faruwa sau da yawa a cikin tsofaffi ko raunana rodents;
- asarar gashi - yawanci yakan haifar da ƙwayoyi ko cututtukan fungal;
- ciwon sukari cuta ce ta gado (tare da yawan ƙishirwa da yawan fitsari);
- cututtukan polycystic cuta ce da ake haifarwa wacce ba ta karɓar magani.
A ilimin halittar jiki na beraye ya bambanta da ilimin halittar jiki na kuliyoyi da karnuka, don haka likita na musamman - masanin ratologist zai kula da hamsters na Campbell.
Kulawa, tsafta
Titin bayan gida na jan iska zaɓi ne, amma wankin yashi (gilashi, filastik ko yumbu) ba makawa. Bai kamata a tattara yashi a cikin yadi ba - yana da kyau a sayi yashi don chinchillas.
Mahimmanci! Hamsters na hambell ba sa buƙatar maganin ruwa. Yin iyo cikin ruwa na iya haifar da mura da mutuwa. Suna kawar da kwari da datti tare da taimakon yashi.
Ana tsabtace keji sau ɗaya a mako. Don kada ku damun dabbar ku, sanya wasu '' tsofaffin '' shara da warin da aka saba don hamster a cikin keji mai tsabta. Idan keji yana buƙatar tsaftacewa ta gari, wanke shi da soda mai burodi (babu sinadaran gida). Za'a iya shirya irin wannan tsabtace Cardinal kowane watanni shida.
Nawa ne hamster?
Shekaru mafi kyau ga entan sanda da za'a siya shine tsakanin makonni 3 zuwa watanni 3. Kafin siya, ka kula da rigarsa, idanunsa, hanci da dubura (komai dole ne ya zama bushe mai tsabta). Don kar a sayi dzungarika, a rarrabe bambance-bambancen waje, sannan bayan an saya, a nuna dabba ga likitan dabbobi. An sayar da hamster na Campbell akan 100-300 rubles.
Hamster sake dubawa
# sake dubawa 1
Shekara daya da rabi da suka wuce, na sayi jungarik, wanda ya zama hamster na Campbell. A kan hanyar zuwa gida, sai ya jefa waka (tsalle-tsalle da tsalle), sai na zaci mahaukaci ne. A gida, ya yi kururuwa, ya gudu ko ya faɗi a bayansa, yana yin kamar ya mutu. Kuma bayan mako guda kawai ya kasance shiru. Yanzu ya kusan tsufa, amma ya san ni kawai (ya ciji sau 12 a cikin shekara ɗaya da rabi). Crawls ko'ina da ke ƙarƙashin kulawa, yana kwana a gefenta ko baya, suna ajiye zafin bishiya. Bai gane mijina ba, don ya saba da wari na.
# sake dubawa 2
Ina da hamsters guda uku kuma kowannensu yana zaune a cikin kejirsa. Hamsters suna da fitsari mai wari, saboda haka na hore su da amfani da tire da yashi. Suna cin abincin da aka shirya, kuma suna son karas, amma suna watsi da ganye. Ta ba da strawberries a lokacin rani. Suna hauka da abinci mai gina jiki - cuku na gida, dafaffun kaza da farin kwai. Ina basu busasshen gammarus, oatmeal da buckwheat. Da yardar rai suna rarrafe tare da tsani / ramuka kuma suna tafiya a cikin keken.
