Tambayar "menene banbanci tsakanin weasel da ermine" bashi da sauki kamar yadda ake gani da farko. Bambance-bambancen sun danganci ba wai kawai bayyanar ba, har ma da abinci mai gina jiki, halayyar jima'i da darajar kasuwancin waɗannan dabbobi.
Duba
Weasel shine mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin gidan weasel. Don haka, ƙaramin weasel yana girma girman tafin hannu (11 cm), kuma tsawon weasel na talakawa 21-25 ne.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Kuskuren ya ɗan nuna ƙauna. Gaskiya ne, wani lokacin akan sami daidaikun mutane daidai da shi a tsayi, amma gaba ɗaya, kuskuren har yanzu ya fi girma / nauyi kuma zai iya girma zuwa 36 cm.
Dukkanin masu cin abincin suna da launi iri daya: a lokacin bazara - a ruwan kasa-kasa-kasa, a hunturu - a fari-fari. Amma kuskuren yana ba da takamaiman bayani - bakin baƙin wutsiya, wanda yake sananne musamman tsakanin dusar ƙanƙara da kankara. Duka dabbobin suna da tsari iri daya - jiki mai tsayi, kunkuntar kai, gajerun kafafu da kunnuwa masu kyau.
Idan ka hango ɗayan waɗannan weasels, abu na farko da zaka kula dashi shine wutsiya. Wata wutsiya wacce aka ayyana tsayinta 6-10 cm, kusan baki na uku, zata gaya maka cewa akwai kuskure a gabanka. Idan walƙiya mai walƙiya ta yi taho da ƙaramar hanya (3-4 cm), to kun saba da weasel.
Burbushi
Da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta farko ta faɗi, ɗan masanin halitta yana da ƙarin dama don rarrabe tsakanin weasel da ermine - ta hanyoyin da keɓaɓɓun saurin. Gogaggen mafarauta sun san cewa weasel galibi yana sanya wsafafu biyu-biyu ("ninki biyu"), kuma kuskuren tsalle yana barin kwafin kafa uku ("troit").
Yana da ban sha'awa! Sun kuma ce weasel yana tafiya cikin yanayi mai ma'ana biyu: theawon baya ya faɗi a cikin rubutun na gaba, yana rufe ta. Kuskuren kuskure, akasin haka, sau da yawa yana sauyawa zuwa uku-har ma da dutsen ado guda huɗu, musamman samun babban gudu.
Ana iya ganin sawun sawun mafi bayyane (tare da cikakkun bayanai) akan danshi, dusar ƙanƙara mara ƙanƙanci. A cikin dabbobin duka, bugawar tafin kafa na ɗan ƙarami da zagaye fiye da na baya. Girman waƙoƙin da waɗannan mahautan suka bari suma sun bambanta. A cikin weasel, bugawar tafin kafa na baya kusan 3 * 1.5 cm, na gaba - 1.5 * 1 cm, don haka ɓacin rai daga wasu ƙafafun yana ɗaukar 3 * 2 cm. Limafafun ermine galibi sun fi girma, wanda kuma yana shafar girman waƙar: bugun tafin kafa na gabatowa zuwa 3.3 * 2 cm, da kuma baya - zuwa 4.4 * 2.3 cm. Yana da sauƙi a rarrabe alamun wakilan tsakiya na ermine da weasel - na farko koyaushe zai sami ƙari.
Matsaloli suna tasowa yayin kwatanta kwafin babbar weasel da ƙaramar ɓarna: bambancin da ke tsakanin su ba shi da muhimmanci har ma masunta sun rikice. Alamar alama tana da rikitarwa ba kawai ta girman girman dabbobi ba, har ma da saman inda ake samun kwafin. Abubuwan da ke cikin su suna ba da haske (suna ba da ƙarin sauti ga waƙoƙin) duka a kan yashi busasshe a lokacin bazara da kan dusar ƙanƙara a lokacin sanyi. Hakanan zaka iya rarrabe tsakanin weasel da ermine ta tsayin tsalle: a farkon, tare da motsa jiki, yana da 25 cm kuma ya ninka biyu tare da hanzari.
Kuskure a cikin binciken nutsuwa yayi tsalle 0.3-0.4 m, yana yin tsalle tsalle na 0.8-1 m lokacin da yake sauyawa zuwa saurin tafiya. Duk masu son cin abincin suna son canza alkibla yayin neman abinci a bayyane..
Ana lura da hanyar a saman: ko dai ya tsallaka rami, sannan ya juya zuwa cikin daji, ya fita zuwa kan wani gulbi mai kankara, ko kuma, yin baka, ya dawo wurin da aka riga aka bincika. Saƙar ta fi sau da yawa kuma da yardar rai fiye da ɓarna ta ɓace a ƙarƙashin ƙasa / dusar ƙanƙara, ba tare da nunawa a saman na dogon lokaci ba. Saboda kwarjininsa, dabba da sauri tana tafiya tare da hanyoyin dusar ƙanƙara da ramuka, suna bin ƙananan beraye.
Abinci
Ermine da weasel sune masu cin nama na gaske tare da kyawawan halayen farauta, kama duk wani mai rai mai dacewa (yawanci mai jini) kuma wucewa, in babu shi, zuwa wasu ƙashinan dabbobi da molluscs / kwari. Masana ilmin dabbobi sun yi la’akari da weasel, wanda ke da ƙarancin ƙarfi, mafi gasa, tunda yana da ƙarfi kuma yana rarrafe cikin ƙananan ramuka waɗanda ba za a iya samun su ba. A gefe guda kuma, ƙaramin jikin weasel shine abin zargi don ƙarin musayar makamashi mai ƙarfi, kuma a nan ermine ya riga ya kasance cikin matsayi mai fa'ida.
Mahimmanci! A cikin yanayin sanyi, yawan kuzari yana ƙaruwa, kuma farauta tana da wahala, amma ɓarnatarwar tana jure ragin hunturu na tushen abinci mafi sauƙin da weasel.
Bugu da kari, ermine kuma ana adana shi ta hanyar fadi (idan aka kwatanta shi da weasel) kwarewar abinci - ba cushewa bane kuma yana saurin sauyawa zuwa wasu abincin (amphibians, tsuntsaye, kwari har ma da gawa).
Anan ne bambance-bambance ke karewa - idan akwai ganima da yawa, duk masu cutar ba su san ma'auni ba, suna ta halakar da iri daya "a ajiye". Lokaci-lokaci, weasel da ermine, hakika, suna ba da rumfunan ajiya, suna jan waɗanda suke cutar a can, amma galibi ba sa cin abinci. Hakanan, ana sanye da weas din duka don raina kashe dabbobi da warin kamshi, kamar su moles da shrews.
Halin jima'i
Masana ilimin gado sun sha yin mamakin "shin zai yiwu a tsallaka weasel tare da kuskure" kuma sun yanke hukuncin cewa, mai yiwuwa, ba. An bayyana wannan ba kawai ta lokutan haifuwa wadanda basu dace ba, amma, da farko, ta banbanci a matakin kwayar halitta (tare da kamannin waje da ba za a iya musantawa ba).
Gaskiya ne, cikakkun bayanai game da haihuwar weasel an yi karatun su da zurfin tunani kamar yadda ake yi a cikin ɓarnar.... An tabbatar kawai cewa lokacin saduwa a cikin weasels yana faruwa ne a watan Maris, gestation yana ɗaukar makonni 5 kuma ya ƙare tare da bayyanar cubasan 3-8 (galibi 5-6). Gasar ermine tana farawa ne da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta narke kuma ta ɗore har zuwa Satumba.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Mata masu tsayayye suna da "jinkirin ɗaukar ciki": ana kiyaye iri a cikin jiki don takin ƙwai bayan ɗan lokaci (tare da wadataccen abinci da yanayi mai kyau).
Ci gaban tayi zai iya farawa tare da jinkirin kwanaki 196-365, kuma cikin da kanta kan ɗauki kwanaki 224-393 - waɗannan lokutan ba abin mamaki bane ga dangin shahidan kawai, har ma ga dabbobi masu shayarwa gaba ɗaya.
Hakanan zai zama mai ban sha'awa:
- Martens
- Weasel
- Ermine
A cikin kiwo na kuskuren, an lura da wani abin mamaki - maza, zuwa gida tare da mace, ba rufe mata kaɗai ba, har da sabbin daughtersa daughtersanta mata. "Ango" ba sa jin kunyar yarinta na "amare" waɗanda ba su da lokacin ganin haske da samun ji kafin farkon jima'i. Don haka, mata da yawa a lokacin haihuwarsu (watanni 2) suna riƙe da ƙwayayyen maniyyi a cikin jiki kuma basa buƙatar abokin tarayya.
Suna kawai buƙatar fara aikin hadi, suna gudana cikin nutsuwa. Hakanan ƙananan kuskuren suna da nasu abin banƙyama - wannan shine "tasirin kamawa" lokacin da matasa suka haɗu cikin ƙwallon ƙafa, wanda ke da wahalar rabuwa da waje. Wannan shine yadda jarirai ke riƙe dumin da suke buƙata a wannan ƙaramin shekarun.
Darajar kasuwanci
Weasel ana ɗaukarsa dabba ce ta gama gari, kodayake, ba a rarraba ba daidai ba. Fatarta ba ta da amfani ga masunta saboda kankantarta da saurin sawa. Kuskuren ya kasance ba shi da sa'a a wannan - furcinsa (wanda aka haɓaka ingantaccen ingancinsa a Rasha) ana yaba shi, musamman lokacin kammalawa. Don bayananku, mafi kyawun fatar fata kamar yadda ma'aunin Amurka ke cikin ƙasarmu a matsayin mafi ƙarancin maki.
A cikin sanarwa, fur din sa yana nuna budurci, tsab, girma da iko.... Sanya suturar ermine ba kawai mai martaba bane, amma sama da duka, gata ce ta masarauta.
Mai shela a cikin gida kuma masanin tarihi Alexander Lakier yana son komawa zuwa ga wani tushe na d on a kan sanarwa, inda aka ce ermine yana da tsafta sosai - "wannan dabbar za ta gwammace a kamo ta fiye da tsallaka wuri mai dausayi da rashin tsabta don kada ta yi datti da kyakkyawan gashinta."
