Idan muna magana ne game da rashin lafiya kamar su ciwon sukari a cikin kare, ya kamata a fahimci cewa ganewar asali ba hukunci bane, amma ya ƙunshi canje-canje masu ban mamaki a rayuwar mai haƙuri.
Bayanin cutar
Cutar cuta ce ta rayuwa wanda a cikin sa matakan glucose / sukari cikin jini ya hauhawa (galibi zuwa mahimmin iyaka) maimakon nutsuwa, ba wa jiki kuzarin da yake buƙata. Farawar yunwa mai kara kuzari, wanda yakan haifar da gajiya.
Ciwon sukari yana da halin yanayi ɗaya ko biyu:
- pancreas na samar da isasshen ko babu insulin;
- ƙwayoyin sun ƙi karɓar insulin, wanda ya sa shan glucose ba zai yiwu ba.
Akwai nau'ikan ciwon sukari guda 4:
- Insulin dogara (rubuta 1)... Rashin isasshen insulin ne gabaɗaya / na juzu'i, wanda ƙankara ke daina samarwa. Fiye da kashi 90% na karnukan da abin ya shafa suna da irin wannan ciwon na suga (sanadiyyar raunin kansa ko mummunan kwayoyin halitta).
- Insulin mai zaman kansa (nau'ikan 2)... Glucose a cikin jini ma ya wuce kima saboda ƙin yarda jikin mutum ya tsinkaye insulin (na al'ada ko raguwa). Irin wannan ciwon suga, idan aka fara ko aka magance shi bisa kuskure, yana barazanar rikidewa zuwa wata cuta ta farko. Kwayoyin suna gajiya da samar da homonin da ba'a bayyana ba, sun gaji kuma sun daina aiki.
- Mai wucewa (sakandare). An lura da shi game da asalin cutar farko, alal misali, pancreatitis (kuma ba wai kawai ba) ko bayan magani mai tsawo tare da glucocorticoids / progestogens. Irin wannan ciwon suga yana warkewa gaba daya lokacin da aka kawar da cutar ta farko.
- Tsarin ciki (nau'in 4). Zai yiwu ne kawai a cikin ɓarna masu ciki a cikin diestrus (bayan ƙarshen estrus) ko a ƙarshen gestation. A cikin akwati na biyu, haɓaka cikin progesterone da haɓakar girma yana shafar ƙwarewar glucose ga insulin. Wannan cin zarafin ya daidaita bayan haihuwa da kansa ko kuma ana iya gyara shi cikin sauƙi zuwa matakin al'ada.
Alamomin ciwon suga a cikin kare
Dole ne mai dabbobin ya kula da alamomin asibiti na asali 4 waɗanda ke nuna ci gaban ciwon sukari:
- polydipsia (ƙishirwa mara ƙoshi) - a zahiri kare bai bar kwanon shan ba, kuma yau miyau na manne kuma yana da kuzari;
- polyphagia (yawan ci abinci, juya zuwa wadataccen abinci) - dabbar dabba ba ta wadataccen abinci tare da daidaitaccen yanki, yana shayar da shi da sauri kuma yana neman ƙarin;
- polyuria (yawan jimrewa da yawan fitsari) - kare yakan nemi farfajiyar, kuma yawan fitsarin yana ƙaruwa sosai;
- rage nauyi har zuwa gajiya da aka ambata - hakarkarin hakarkarin dabba ya bayyana kuma ciki ya fadi.
Mahimmanci! Idan duk alamomin guda huɗu sun kasance, kana buƙatar zuwa asibitin, inda za a tabbatar ko musanta shakku ta hanyar gudanar da gwajin fitsari / jini. Sauran bayyanannun bayyanar cututtuka masu raɗaɗi za a iya danganta su daidai da ciwon sukari da kuma sauran cututtukan cuta.
Koyaya, ƙarin sigina zasu kasance:
- tachycardia (fiye da 150 beats / min);
- busassun membobin mucous da ƙanshin ruɓaɓɓen 'ya'yan itace daga bakin;
- faɗaɗa (fitowa daga ƙarƙashin haƙarƙarin) hanta;
- raunuka masu rauni (saboda cutar daskarewa da jini);
- gashi da fata sun bushe, cututtukan fata daban-daban na faruwa;
- (wani lokacin) cataract na ciwon sukari yana tasowa;
- gudawa ko amai (ba safai ba).
- janar rashin jin daɗi.
Alamomin farko na rashin lafiya suna da sauki a rasa idan kare ya rayu a farfajiyar, wani lokaci yakan shiga filin kallon mai shi.
Ciwon sukari yana haifar da, ƙungiyar haɗari
Ciwon sukari ya yi ƙarami a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kuma wannan yanayin ana lura da shi a cikin mutane da ƙananan quadrupeds.... Idan a baya an gano cutar daga shekara 7 zuwa 14, yanzu tana kamuwa ne da karnuka waɗanda shekarunsu ba su wuce 4 ba. Animalsananan dabbobi ma suna yin rashin lafiya, kuma mata sun fi na maza yawa.
Wasu nau'ikan suna cikin haɗari:
- kumbura;
- doberman;
- Labrador Mai Rabaita;
- pug da poodle;
- rumanan;
- dachshund;
- Samoyed kare;
- yankin scotch
A likitancin dabbobi na duniya, har yanzu ba a sami hadin kai game da dalilan da ke haifar da cutar ba. Ya zuwa yanzu, ƙananan abubuwa ne kawai aka gano waɗanda zasu iya haifar da ciwon sukari:
- ƙaddarar haihuwa;
- maganin hormone mai dadewa / kuskure;
- cututtukan autoimmune wanda cikakken aikin pancreas ba zai yiwu ba;
- pancreatitis (na yanayi daban-daban);
- cututtuka / cututtukan somatic waɗanda ke hana aikin pancreas;
- abincin da aka zaɓa ba daidai ba kuma, a sakamakon haka, kiba;
- fasalin gestation ko estrus.
Hakanan an lura cewa tsananin ciwon sukari yana faruwa ne galibi a cikin faduwa.
Bincike da magani
Dukansu nau'ikan manyan cututtukan sukari suna ɗauke da sifa mai ɗorewa, suna jagorantar likita da mai kare don ɗaukar matakan kamar:
- kawar da mummunan bayyanar cututtuka;
- rigakafin rikitarwa;
- cimma mafi tsawo yiwuwar gafartawa;
- rage tasirin cutar a jiki baki daya.
Diagnostics
Babu wani masanin ilimin endocrinologist da zai iya yin bincike ta hanyar kawai akan alamun waje, amma tabbas zai tsara saitin matakan bincike:
- nazarin (fadada) fitsari / jini;
- bin diddigin matakan glucose;
- gwajin hormonal;
- bincike don kasancewar acetone;
- Duban dan tayi da (idan ya zama dole) sauran gabobi;
- ECG da rediyo.
Ganewar cutar ciwon sikari a cikin karnuka mai yiyuwa ne bayan an wuce dukkan gwaje-gwaje kuma an gudanar da jerin karatu.
Shan tsarin mulki da bitamin
Likitan ya tattauna da masu kare yadda za a tsara tsarin shan abin sha, wanda ya kamata ya samar da bukatar jiki ga ruwa don guje wa bushewar jiki.
Mahimmanci! Ba shi yiwuwa a rage yawan ruwan a cikin giyar, tunda karen da ya fara jiyya zai sha da yawa kamar dai yadda yake. Don ƙarin ƙishirwa mai tasiri, ƙara ganyen ruwan lemun tsami guda biyu zuwa ruwan.
Tare da wannan, lokacin dawo da daidaiton ruwa, likita galibi yakan tsara magunguna:
- adiurecrine (foda / man shafawa) - allura a cikin ramin hanci;
- pituitrin (injections) - makirci da sashi ya dogara da yanayin dabbar gidan.
Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a shayar da jikin da ya raunana tare da abubuwan gina jiki, waɗanda ake fitar da su da yawa tare da gudawa da amai. Rukunin bitamin sun zo wurin ceto, gami da Beaphar, Herz-Vital ko Brewers. Daidaitawa na menu na kare ya zama ƙarin gwargwado warkewa.
Tsarin insulin
Dole ne ma'abocin kare mara lafiya ya fahimci cewa ba za a iya warkar da ciwon sikari na 1 da na 2 ba, kuma an tsara maganin insulin ne don kula da cututtukan cututtukan, wanda shi kansa yana da yawa. Aikin ku shine don samun damar rage matakan glucose zuwa na al'ada, adana waɗannan madaidaitan sifofi na sauran rayuwar dabbobin gidan ku.... Sugar tana raguwa ta hanyar shigar da insulin a jiki, wanda (ya danganta da tsinkayar yanayin) an raba shi zuwa "gajere", "dogon" da "matsakaici". Na farko ana amfani dashi don ciwon sukari na 1, na karshe biyu don ciwon sukari na 2.
Yana da ban sha'awa! An tsara allurar insulin don kawo matakin glucose zuwa kusan 8-10 mmol / L, wanda yake dan kadan sama da iyakar babba na iyakancewa. Wannan yana hana hypoglycemia ci gaba lokacin da yawan sukarin jini ya ragu sosai, wanda ke mutuwa.
Sirinjin insulin da allurar allura na musamman ana nufin su ne don gudanar da homon. Capacityarfin sirinji ya dogara ne da ƙididdigar raka'a: misali, abun da ke cikin raka'a 100 / ml an yi masa allurar U100, da kuma raka'a 40 / ml tare da sirinjin U40.
Algorithm don aiki tare da insulin:
- Kafin allurar, ka riƙe kwalban / ampoule a cikin dabino mai dumi don dumama da zafin jiki.
- Yi alama a yankin da za ku yi wa allurar asirin ta asirce (yawanci kirji, bushewa ko ciki).
- Da yatsu uku, ka kamo fatar kare don ninki mai kama da dala ya zama.
- Saka allurar a gindin wannan dala (galibi a karkashin babban yatsa).
Ya kamata koyaushe ku kiyaye magungunan ku idan har ya karye ko ya kare. Bayan ka buɗe ampoule, ba a ba shi izinin adana shi sama da watanni 1.5-2 (koda kuwa duk yanayin da aka bayyana a cikin bayanin an cika su).
Sashi
An zaɓi mafi kyau duka kashi hankali, yana sarrafa yanayin dabba. Suna farawa tare da mafi ƙarancin - don kare yana da nauyin U / 0,5 / kg. Wani lokaci yakan dauki kwanaki da yawa zuwa watanni da yawa kafin yanke hukunci na karshe game da abin da dabbobin ku suke bukata.
Bayan an yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a karo na farko, mai shi ya zama dole ya gudanar da sa ido don ganin canjin canje-canje a matakan sukari. Saboda wannan, an haɓaka hanyoyi uku (na zaɓi):
- bin sukari a cikin fitsari - sau 1-2 a rana;
- a cikin fitsari da jini - sau 3 a rana;
- a cikin jini - kowane 2-4 hours.
An yi imanin cewa hanya ta uku tana ba da hoto mafi ma'ana.
Mahimmanci! Idan, bayan allurar insulin, yawan glucose na jini ya wuce 15 mmol / l, an ƙara kashi da 20% daga asali. Tare da hawa hawa da sauka a cikin kewayon 10-15 mmol / l, sashi yana ƙaruwa da 0.1 U / kg. Idan an zaɓi kashi daidai, matakin sukari ba zai wuce 8-10 mmol / l ba.
Ainihin sashi ya ɗauka cewa bayan allurar insulin, ba a gano sukari a cikin fitsarin kare ba. Gaskiyar cewa an saita kashi daidai za a bayar da rahoto ba kawai ta hanyar sifofin kwayar halittar jini / fitsari na kare ba, har ma da ingantaccen dabba. Ya kamata ku ga ɓacewar bayyanar cututtuka masu firgitarwa: kare ya fara yin nauyi, sha kullum, cin abinci da sauƙaƙe bukatun halitta.
Ciwon Somoji
Yin amfani da insulin yana buƙatar yin lokaci da kuma tsantseni: ana yin allurai a lokaci guda, bayan makircin da likita ya rubuta. Ka tuna cewa yawan hormone yana da haɗari sosai fiye da rashin shi. Idan ka manta ko kana yin wani allurar ne ko kuma a'a, kada ka firgita. Injectionaya daga cikin allurar da aka rasa ba zai haifar da masifa ba, amma kashi biyu zai yi. Aarar bugun jini na hormone, zaɓin da aka zaɓa ba daidai ba ko makircin gudanarwar insulin yayi barazanar cutar ta Somoji.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Hakanan ana soke allura ta biyu idan kare ya girgiza kuma ba ku da ikon yin allurar abin da ke cikin sirinjin, tunda ƙaran matakin glucose na jini ya fi aminci fiye da ƙananan (ƙasa da yadda yake).
Mutum na iya fuskantar lamarin Somoji yayin amfani da ƙwayoyi masu yawa na rashin ƙarfi, wanda ke jagorantar matakin farko zuwa raguwar ƙwayar glucose, kuma a karo na biyu - zuwa sakin fitowar ƙwayoyin halittar diabetogenic (glucagon, cortisol da epinephrine).
A sakamakon haka, kare ya shiga cikin hypoglycemia, amma mai shi (yana da tabbacin cewa sukarin yana tashi) yana kara yawan insulin kuma yana sa lamarin ya zama mafi tsanani. Cutar Somoji tana faruwa galibi a cikin waɗancan karnukan waɗanda ake gwada fitsarinsu / jini don matakan sukari sau ɗaya a rana. Kwararren likita ne kawai zai taimaka don jimre wa sakamakon rashin kwayar cutar insulin mai ɗorewa.
Abinci don tsawon lokacin jiyya
Wata tambaya ta farko ita ce ta yaya za a ciyar da kare mai ciwon suga? Idan cutar ta kasance tare da nauyin da ya wuce kima, dabbar za ta buƙaci tsayayyen abinci (don asarar nauyi), kuma kaɗan daga baya - tebur na musamman na masu ciwon sukari. Bayan kammala abincin, dole ne a kula da nauyin dabbobin gidan kowace rana don kaucewa sake dawowa.
Mahimmanci! Maigidan zai buƙaci kula da tsarin ciyarwa don kare, la'akari da tazarar lokacin allurar insulin. Da farko, ana yiwa karen allura, sannan kuma a ciyar da shi (daidai gwargwadon har sau 5 a rana, a kananan rabo).
Mabuɗin abin da ake buƙata don menu na ɗabi'a: mafi ƙarancin abincin carbohydrate, amma matsakaicin fiber da furotin. Nama da kayan kifi ya kamata su zama aƙalla 60% na yawan abincin yau da kullun. An ba kare:
- naman sa sabo, naman alade mara laushi da kaji;
- offal (musamman ma hanya);
- kifi mara nauyi;
- cuku mai ƙananan mai;
- maras soyayyen miya (kayan lambu) da ganye;
- qwai.
Add kirfa (sau biyu a rana) da karamin cokalin 'ya'yan fenugreek (da safe) zuwa abinci, da kuma sinadaran bitamin na karnuka masu ciwon suga. Abin sha za'a iya sanya shi dan kadan ta hanyar tsarma soda kadan a ruwa (kimanin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na karamin cokali ba tare da saman gilashi ɗaya ba).
Haramtattun Kayayyaki:
- gari (alkama da masara);
- kayan gasa da kayan kwalliya;
- abincin gwangwani da na tsinke;
- kasusuwa da nama mai;
- farar shinkafa da birgima hatsi
- tafarnuwa da albasa;
- samfurori tare da kayan zaki mai wucin gadi.
Mafi sauki ga waɗanda suke kiyaye karnukansu a kan abincin masana'antu... Kusan dukkanin masana'antun da aka tabbatar sun samar da layukan magani wanda aka tanada kan nau'ikan shekaru daban-daban da cututtuka. Waɗannan sune cikakkun kayayyaki masu mahimmanci, waɗanda ke ƙunshe da adadin sunadarai da ƙarancin (wanda bai wuce 4% ba) na carbohydrates.
Hanyoyin rigakafi
Tunda har yanzu ba a bayyana gabaɗaya abin da ke haifar da gazawar pancreas ba, wanda ke haifar da cutar ciwon sikari nan gaba, ɗayan matakan rigakafin farko ya kamata a yi la’akari da rayuwa mai kyau.
Salon rayuwa mai kyau ga kare ba shi da bambanci da na mutum sosai - ya ƙunshi aikin yau da kullun da aka tabbatar, motsa jiki, yin tafiya a sararin sama, abinci mai ma'ana, taurin zuciya da kuma rashin cututtukan cututtuka.
Amma ko da an kiyaye wadannan ka'idoji, ba shi yiwuwa a ware cutar, wacce galibi ake gada. Idan dabbar dabbar ta yi rashin lafiya, ba za a iya watsi da ciwon sukari ba: gwargwadon yadda alamomin ke ci gaba, da wahalar fara magani.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Tare da ci gaba na cutar, jikin ketone yana taruwa cikin jini. Ketoacidosis yana jinkirta maganin insulin, wanda aka fara kawai bayan an gama fitar da jikin ketone (in ba haka ba babu sakamako).
Binciken cutar, ba a yi shi a kan lokaci ba, yana yi wa kare barazana:
- cataracts tare da asarar hangen nesa na gaba;
- rashin zuciya / koda;
- hanta mai mai (sau da yawa zuwa cirrhosis);
- rashin ƙarfin jiki;
- matsanancin gajiya;
- sakamakon mutuwa.
Maigidan da ke bin shawarar likitocin endocrinologist (wanda ke da alhakin tsarin gyaran insulin da kusan menu na masu ciwon sukari) zai tabbatar da tsawon rayuwarsa mai gamsarwa ga karensa.
