Zheleznitsa (Demodex) wani mite ne na parasitic wanda ke rayuwa kai tsaye ko kusa da burbushin gashi da bututun cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa. A halin yanzu, ƙarancin fiye da dozin shida na Demodex sanannu ne kuma suna da kyakkyawan nazari.
Bayani da nau'ikan kaska mai cutarwa
Demodex yana daya daga cikin mafi kankantar nau'ikan cututtukan mahaifa, amma karnuka, a matsayinka na mai mulki, ana cutar dasu ta hanyar cukurkudadden ƙwayar Demodex canis. Ire-iren jinsunan kaska wadanda suke na jinsi Demodex da kuma lura da karnukan gida sun banbanta a cikin manyan siffofinsu:
- mai haifar da cutar demodicosis Demodex canis yana da siffa mai kama da sigari, haka kuma mai yanke launin toka mai launin toka mai haske. Matsakaicin tsayin jikin namiji baligi bai wuce mm 0.3 ba, kuma na mace yana tsakanin 0.2 mm. Matsakaicin fadin jiki kusan 0.06 mm ne. Balagowar tsohuwa mai saurin ƙwayar cuta tana da gaɓoɓin kafa huɗu. Wannan nau'ikan yana magance raunin gashi, har ila yau da gland da keɓaɓɓu;
- wakili mai haifar da cutar demodicosis Demodex cornei yana da halin kusan na yau da kullun, siffar jikin mutum. Matsakaicin tsayin jikin babban namiji da mace bai wuce mm 0.1 ba. Wannan nau'in kwayar cutar thrombidiform cakulli ce mai yaduwar rayuwa;
- wakili mai haifar da cutar demodicosis Demodex injai yana da halin ɗan ƙarami, fasalin jiki mai tsayi. Matsakaicin iyakar jikin namiji da mace baligi bai wuce 0.6 mm ba. Wannan nau'ikan cakulan thrombidiform an sarrafa shi ta baya, inda yake kamuwa da cutar ta fuskar asalin mai seborrhea.
A halin yanzu, yawancin sanannun nau'ikan cukurkuden da ke shafar karnuka sanannu ne, amma a cikin ƙasarmu, dabbobin gida galibi suna fama da irin waɗannan nau'o'in kamar su demodex, notoedrosis da sarcoptic mange.
Demodectic mange yana haifar da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta wanda ke zaune a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuma cikin gashin gashin dabbar. Matasa masu lalata yara galibi galibi suna faruwa ba zato ba tsammani, kuma yana da alamun kyakkyawan hangen nesa don cikakken dawowa.
Notoedrosis da sarcoptic mange, wanda aka fi sani da scabies, ana haifar da cutar ta intradermal parasite... Bayyanannun cututtukan scabies ko sargeptic mange yana tsokanar da mite Sarcortes sсabiei. Halin cutar, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana da mummunan hali kuma yana kama da demodicosis, kuma babban bambancin yana wakiltar nau'in kumburi mai mahimmanci. Mafi sau da yawa, kare mai ɗaukar hoto yana haifar da kamuwa da cuta a cikin wasu dabbobi.
A wani mataki na farko, an lura da baldness da kuma tsananin ƙaiƙayi, kuma yanayin na yau da kullun yana tattare da sanadin keratinization na fata, bayyanar tabo da yawa da wuraren launuka iri daban-daban. Tsarin kunne ko notoedrosis ya samo asali ne daga mite na Notoedrosis, wanda ke shafar fatar waje ta auricles. Dabbar da ba ta da lafiya tana aiki sosai ba kawai kunnuwa ba, har ma da yankin kai.
Alamomin alamar kaska
Dangane da alamun asibiti masu rakiyar rauni tare da demodicosis, ƙananan cututtukan gida da na gama gari sun bambanta a cikin karnuka. Nau'in farko, a halin yanzu, yafi kowa yawa:
- tare da wani nau'i na demodicosis, a farkon matakin cutar, kasancewar ƙananan a cikin yanki da ƙarancin fata na alopecia mara kyau a cikin rashin rashin itching. A wani mataki na gaba, ana lura da bayyanar cutar mai tsanani da ƙwanƙwasawa. Halin da ake amfani da shi a cikin gida yana tare da rauni na wata gabar jiki, kuma otodemodecosis yana da halin yawan samar da maganin kashe kunne da fata mai rauni daban-daban;
- tare da cikakkun nau'ikan cutar demodicosis, alamun farko zasu iya bayyana ba kawai a cikin lokacin ƙuruciya ba, har ma a cikin manya ko, waɗanda ake kira dabbobin da ke da shekaru. Cutar dimokuradiyya ta ƙaura, a matsayin mai ƙa'ida, tana tasowa ne daga yanayin gida ba tare da isasshen magani ba ko kuma sakamakon amfani da magungunan glucocorticosteroid a cikin far. A wannan yanayin, ana lura da raunin raunuka da yawa, musamman ana bayyana shi a kai, gabar jiki da jiki.
Mahimmanci! Ya kamata a ba da hankali musamman ga bayyanar a cikin dabbobin irin waɗannan alamun kamar samuwar scabs da murtsatse, sakin fitowar fata a kan fata, ƙarar da aka bayyana a cikin ƙimar fata da taɓuwa, raguwar ci da ƙimar nauyi, bayyanar rauni, rashin ƙarfi, rashin jini.
Theaƙƙarfan tsari na yau da kullun yana tare da ci gaban erythema da alopecia, folliculitis da furunculosis, bayyanar seborrhea da comedones, da maƙarƙashiya masu yawa, waɗanda ke wakiltar busassun bushewa da raunuka masu tsananin jini. A cikin sifaɗɗen tsari na pododemodecosis, an sami wata gabar jiki biyu ko fiye a cikin dabbar dabba.
Tushen kamuwa da cuta
Ana mamaye mamayewa ta hanyar mata. Kamuwa da cuta na ppan kwikwiyo daga iyaye mata yana faruwa ne a farkon kwanakin rayuwar su. Koyaya, manyan alamu na asibiti galibi suna bayyana a cikin dabbobi ne da wata uku.
Mahimmanci! A yayin karatun kimiyya da yawa, masana kimiyya na Amurka sun yi nasarar tabbatar da yanayin kwayar halittar karnuka don kayar da cutar ta demodicosis, kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka hana dabbobi marasa lafiya ko wadanda aka warke amfani da su wajen kiwo.
Akwai yanayin ƙaddara na karnukan cikin gida don kayar da demodicosis... Musamman mai saukin kamuwa shine dabbobi masu tsarkakakke wadanda ke cikin jinsunan masu gajeren gashi, gami da:
- Shar Pei;
- dogue de bordeaux;
- Ingilishi, Faransanci da Bulldog na Amurka;
- bijimin sa;
- Ba'amurke da Staffordshire Terriers;
- Makiyayin Jamus;
- gajeren gashi mai gashi;
- pug;
- Labrador da Golden Retriever;
- takaitaccen bayani;
- spaniel mai ɗaukar hoto;
- rottweiler.
Babban kare zai iya kamuwa da cutar ta fatar da ya ji rauni, yin iyo a cikin ɗakunan ruwa na halitta da na wucin gadi tare da ruwa masu kaifi, tuntuɓar marasa lafiya da dabbobin gida, ta hanyar gurɓatacciyar ƙasa da kayan haɗi.
Daga ra'ayi na bayyananniyar asibiti, demodicosis zai iya zama sananne ne kawai bayan makonni da yawa har ma da watanni bayan lokacin da kamuwa da cuta ta farko ta faru.
Demodecosis na iya bayyana kansa game da asalin cututtuka da yawa, amma galibi irin wannan rauni ana rubuta shi idan dabbar dabbar tana da tarihin:
- wasu cututtukan cututtuka: pyoderma, dermatitis na kwayar cuta da annoba mai cin nama;
- rikicewar rayuwa, gami da hypothyroidism da hyperadrenocorticism;
- autoimmune pathologies a cikin hanyar hadaddun pemphigus, pemphigus da lupus;
- halayen rashin lafiyan, atopic dermatitis da raunin abinci;
- canje-canje na psychogenic, wakiltar acrodermatitis daga lasawa;
- helminthiasis, ciki har da toxacarosis da dipylidiosis, protozoanosis da giardiasis;
- rashin abinci mai mahimmanci wanda ke haifar da mahimmin acid mai ƙamshi da dermatoses masu dogara da zinc;
- sauye-sauyen cututtukan iatrogenic da ke wakiltar cutar ta Cushing.
Don maganin ya zama daidai kuma yayi tasiri, yana da matukar mahimmanci a rarrabe tsakanin tsaka-tsakin yankuna, daga folliculitis da furunculosis, pyoderma da dermatomycosis, microsporia da trichophytosis, dermatitis da abinci masu saurin motsa jiki, cututtukan fata na rashin lafiya da wasu cututtukan parasitic.
Kula da kaska mai rauni a cikin kare
Don tsara tsarin kulawa mai ƙwarewa, tsarin bincike mai zuwa, wanda aka gabatar da:
- cikakken tarihi. Ana buƙatar cikakken bayani game da shekarun dabba, yanayin farko ko na sakandare, da kuma tsawon lokacin cutar, halaye na ciyarwa, kasancewa da tsawon lokacin maganin glucocorticosteroid. Idan dabbar dabba ta sami koma baya, to yana da matukar mahimmanci a bayyana abubuwan da aka tsara a baya, jimillar gafartawa, da kuma kasancewar duk wata cuta da ke tare;
- microscopy na gogewa da aka cire daga fatar dabbar dabba mara lafiya;
- al'adun ƙwayoyin cuta don ƙayyade matakin ƙwarewar microflora da aka keɓe yayin nazarin zuwa magungunan rigakafi da aka fi sani;
- bincike na ilimin gargajiya;
- gano asalin cutar;
- gwajin jini na biochemical;
- gwajin jini don asalin asalin hormonal;
- nazarin fitsari na asibiti;
- scatological bincike;
- daidaitaccen rediyo ko duban dan tayi.
Ilimin ilimin kimiya na ilimin kwayar cutar da aka gano yana gabatar da mahimmancin rikitarwa na kowane tsarin kula da magani. A lokacin da ake kula da wani nau'in gida, tsarin taimakon kansa na cutar na iya faruwa tsakanin wata daya da rabi, wanda hakan ya kasance ne saboda daidaituwar yanayin garkuwar jiki zuwa isassun alamomi.
Ana bayar da kyakkyawan sakamako ta hanyar nadin shirye-shiryen acaricidal sau ɗaya a mako a cikin nau'i na maganin zinc-sulfur na dabbobi, "Akarabora", "Taktika", "Amitana" da "Mitabana". Ana yin maganin yau da kullun na fata da abin ya shafa tare da wakilan maganin antiseptic a cikin ruwan shafa mai mai salicylic da kantin magani na fucorcin.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Wani sabon sabon maganin Jamusanci daga Bayer mai suna Advocate yana da matukar inganci da tabbaci.
"Advakat" wakili ne mai tasiri sosai tare da nau'ikan aikin antiparasitic kuma yana da tasiri akan kamuwa da cuta, sarcoptic mange, otodectosis, trichodectose da nematodosis, da entomoses. Ana samar da maganin a cikin sauƙin polypropylene pipettes mai sauƙin amfani. Koyaya, irin wannan wakili na antiparasitic na zamani an hana shi amfani da kwikwiyo da karnuka yayin daukar ciki.
A wajen lura da gamammen tsari, ana amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyi masu amfani sosai da na zamani na tsarin tsari "Mai ba da shawara", wanda ba a amfani da shi fiye da sau huɗu tare da tazarar tilas na makonni huɗu. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa tsarin glucocorticosteroid da maganin cikin gida an haramta su sosai.
Ya kamata a sani cewa tsarin gama gari yana da wahalar magance cuta, sabili da haka, tsarin kula da dabbobin ya kamata ya zama cikakke, dangane da nazarin dukkan gabobin ciki, kimanta aikin tsarin endocrin da matakin garkuwar dabbar.
Don sauƙaƙe shigarwar maganin shafawa na magani da magani a cikin fata, kafin fara magani, ana cire gashin daga wuraren da abin ya shafa kuma ana bi da su da maganin wankan jego ko shamfu.
A halin yanzu, babu magunguna masu lasisi waɗanda ke ba da izinin tsarin tsari na demodicosis... An ba da izinin amfani da "Immunoparasitan" bisa ga makircin da masana'antun suka ba da shawarar tare da ƙarin allurar "Dectomax".
Mahimmanci! Ka tuna cewa Ba za a iya amfani da Dectomax wajen kula da dabbobi irin su Sheltie, Collie da Bobtail. Maganin waje na wuraren da abin ya shafa ana yin su ne tare da magungunan antiparasitic a cikin hanyar "Hemitraz", "Neostomozan", "Stomozan" da "Mitaban". Zai yiwu a rage girman tasirin ta hanyar taimakon hepatoprotectors, prebiotics, probiotics da synbiotics, waɗanda aka tsara wa dabbobin dabba na kowane wata.
Babban ƙarfin ƙarfafawa yana da mahimmanci a matakin jiyya. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da magungunan bitamin na zamani da inganci sosai, da kuma hadaddun bitamin mai narkewa tare da ƙarin ƙwayoyin mai mai ƙanshi, waɗanda ke da fa'ida ga sabunta fata da ulu. Har ila yau, tilas shine amfani da magungunan rigakafi, wanda magunguna "Timalin" da "Taktivin" suka wakilta.
Hanyoyin rigakafi
Dalilai masu haɗari don kamuwa da cuta tare da mites subcutaneous sun haɗa da abubuwan da ke tattare da nau'ikan halittu masu ƙarancin ƙarfi da na ƙarewa. A yanayi na farko, haɗarin shafar dabba yana ƙaruwa sosai tare da rage juriya a cikin karnukan da aka haifa da tsofaffi, dabbobin da suka tsufa, yayin ciki da damuwa, haka nan kuma a gaban tarihin haihuwa ko kuma a cikin yanayin rashin ƙarancin kariya.
Abubuwan da suka wuce gona da iri na iya wakiltar keta haddin sigogi masu tsabta, hulɗar kai tsaye tare da cututtukan cuta, fasalin yanayin yanayi, da tasirin sinadarai da na jiki.
Babban matakan kariya don hana shan kawan dabbobi ta hanyar kaska mai kama da tsutsa sune:
- cikakken nazarin karnukan kafin lokacin da aka shirya saduwa;
- ɓarkewar dabbobi da aka dawo dasu ko karnukan ɗaukar kaya;
- iyakance hanyoyin sadarwar dabbobi tare da wasu, musamman karnuka batattu;
- bin matakan tsabtace jiki yayin ajiye dabba a gida;
- ta amfani da shampoos na musamman na antibacterial;
- samar da dabbar dabba tare da cikakke kuma daidaitaccen abinci;
- gwaje-gwaje na rigakafin yau da kullun a asibitin dabbobi;
- kula da garkuwar jikin dabbobi a babban matakin;
- tsananin bin tsarin rigakafin rigakafin.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa maganin cutar demodicosis da shan magunguna ana aiwatar da su ne kawai bayan tuntuɓar ƙwararren likitan dabbobi kuma a ƙarkashin kulawar sa, tun da ba a kula da shi kuma mafi tsananin nau'in cutar ta parasitic na iya zama haɗari ga lafiyar ɗan adam.
