Neapolitan Mastiff, wanda aka fi sani da Napoletano Mastino (Mastino Naroletano), shine mafi tsufa irin kare. Da farko dai, Mastiff din Neapolitan ya shahara musamman a kudancin yankin Penenula.
Tarihin asalin nau'in
Mastiffs zuriyar tsohon kare ne... Irin waɗannan karnukan sun halarci yaƙe-yaƙe, haka kuma a cikin fagen fama a cikin tsohuwar Rome a cikin tsanantawar dabbobin daji. An yi amfani da mastiffs na farko waɗanda aka yi amfani da su, a matsayin ƙa'ida, azaman karnukan tsaro waɗanda talakawa ke kiyaye su, don haka yaduwar wannan nau'in na iya zama mai rikitarwa.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A wasan kwaikwayon na 1946 da Pietro Scanziani ya gabatar, an gabatar da karnuka guda takwas wadanda suka mallaki wasu halaye na kamanceceniya, kyawawa wajen kiwo domin kafa daidaituwar al'ada.
Sakamakon zabin da aka jagoranta, wanda Scanziani ya gudanar, an sami namiji abin misali, wanda na waje ya zama abin dubawa don bayanin yanayin farkon farko. Koyaya, tsarin kiwo a cikin rashin tabbatar da halaye na zahiri ko na aiki, ya zama dalilin ƙayyadaddun hukunce-hukuncen nau'in a wasan kwaikwayon.
Wannan tsarin ya haifar da yaduwar dabbobi tare da "yanayin wuce haddi" da canji a bayyanar mastiff. Matsayi na ƙarshe na asali an karɓa sama da shekaru 15 da suka gabata.
Bayanin Mastiff na Neapolitan
Karnuka na nau'in Mastino Napoletano suna da kamanni mai ban sha'awa, kazalika da ƙashi mai ƙarfi da tsokoki sosai.
Bayyanar
Dangane da rarrabuwa ta FCI - Mastiffs suna cikin rukuni na biyu, sashe na 2.1 da nau'in Mastiff. Tsayin kare na wannan nau'in a busassun shine 65-75 cm, kuma ƙyamar tana tsakanin 60-68 cm, tare da nauyin 60-70 kg da 50-60 kg, bi da bi. Ana ba da izinin juzu'i a cikin haɓakar haɓaka da ƙari ko ragi 25 mm. Irin wannan dabbar dabbar tana da rashin ladabi da ƙarfi, ƙaƙƙarfan tsarin mulki, kazalika da ɗan shimfida tsari.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ta nau'in jikinsa, Neapolitano Mastino kare ne mai nauyi, wanda ke da halaye na gaske, babba, mai faɗi da girma.
Tsarin jikin irin wannan kare yana da daidaituwa kwata-kwata, duk da girmansa mai ban sha'awa. Kare yana da kyan gani a cikin martaba. Fatar bai kamata ta dace da jiki ba, amma lokacin ratayewa, an keɓance ta musamman, halayyar folds ta haɓaka, ta rufe jikin duka. Ana lura da yalwa mai zurfin ninkawa a kai da wuya, inda sanannen raɓa ke bayyana.
Gashi irin da launi
Fatar Mastino Neapolitano mai kauri ne kuma yalwatacce, kyauta a saman jikin duka... Gajere, mai laushi da sanɗaɗɗen gashi mai tsayi iri ɗaya ko'ina, kuma ana santa shi da santsi da haske iri ɗaya. Matsakaicin tsayin gashi ya kai 15 mm, ba tare da alamun fuka-fuki ba. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ƙwayoyin wannan nau'in suna da laushi mai laushi.
Grey, baƙi da launuka masu launin toka an fi son su, amma launin ruwan kasa, ja da launuka masu ƙyalƙyali suma ana buƙatar su sosai. An yarda da ƙananan alamun farin a yatsan hannu da yankin kirji. Duk launuka za a iya kasafta su azaman ƙanƙara da ƙanƙara, juriya da sautunan isabella ana jurewa.
Matsayi na asali
Ofungiyar pinchers da schnauzers, molossians, dutsen da karnukan shanu na Switzerland, ɓangaren molosser da ƙananan mastiff an tsara su ta hanyar Pierre Megnin kuma suna cikin rukunin ƙananan ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙafa tare da ƙa'idodi masu zuwa:
- wani katon kai da gajere mai faɗin kwanyar kansa a cikin yankin arnukan zygomatic. Tsawon yana kusan 3/10 na tsayi, kuma layin goshi yana tafiya a layi ɗaya da bakin fuska. Fatar tana da amfani sosai, an birkice kuma an nade;
- jijiyar hanci tana a matsayin fadadawa ta bakin bakin baki, baya fitowa sama da gefen layin da ke tsaye, mai yawan gaske, tare da manyan hancin hancin da aka bude, baki, launin toka mai launin toka ko kuma kirjin;
- zurfin bakin ciki da fadi sosai tare da ɓangarorin layi ɗaya da kusan fasalin murabba'i;
- mai naman jiki da mai kauri, maimakon haka cikakken lebba yana boye mai karfi da karfi, makarkashiyayyan da aka rufe, ƙananan na da kyakkyawan ci gaba a faɗi;
- farin hakora da ingantattun hakora tare da sanya madaidaiciya da layi, tare da cinya mai daskarewa;
- idanun saitattu kuma sun faɗo faɗi, zagaye, tare da ɗan ɓacin rai, launi mai duhu;
- kunnuwa masu kanana da sifa-uku-uku, an girke su dan kadan sama da baka na zygomatic, masu fadi kuma suna kusa da kunkuru, sau da yawa ana yanka su;
- bayanin babba na gajeren gajeren wuya yana da sauƙi. Wuyan tayi kama da dunƙuleccen mazugi a cikin sura, iri na murdede, tare da sako-sako da fata wanda ya zama sau biyu, ƙwanƙwasawa mai kyau a kan ƙananan gefen;
- layin sama a cikin yankin baya ya miƙe, tare da faɗuwa masu faɗi, masu tsayi, amma ba fitattu ba;
- Baya yana da fadi, tare da yankin lumbar mai jituwa kuma tsokoki masu kyau cikin faɗi;
- kirji mai dumbin yawa yana da dogaye da haƙarƙwara masu lanƙwasa;
- fadada, karfi da murdede tare da son zuciya dangane da sararin samaniya kuma ya fito fili sama da yankin lumbar na croup;
- kirji mai faɗi da faɗi yana da ƙwaƙƙwan tsokoki na pectoral da falcon wanda yake a matakin ɗaya tare da haɗin kafada da kafaɗa;
- mai fadi kuma mai kauri a gindi, wutsiya mai kauri ta dan karkata zuwa karshen, kuma ta isa hock mai kyau a tsayi, amma, a matsayin mai doka, an toshe shi da 2/3 na tsawon tsawon;
- goshin gaban, wanda aka kalleshi daga gaba da kuma a bayyane, a tsaye suke kuma suna da ƙashi masu ƙarfi;
- Foreunƙun kafa da yawa kewaye da su, da yatsun ƙafafu masu kyau, masu faɗi, mara laushi da gammaye masu launuka masu kyau, ƙusoshi masu duhu masu ƙarfi da lanƙwasa;
- ƙafafun baya suna da ƙarfi da ƙarfi, an daidaita su sosai, an musu muscled a ƙasan ƙafafu, tare da dogayen metatarsals da ƙafafu masu ƙafafu da busassun, da wuya da kuma lura da gammayen launuka, ƙusoshin ƙusoshi masu ƙarfi da lanƙwasa.
Movementsungiyoyi na musamman halaye ne na mastiff. A kare na wannan irin yana da motsi a hankali, irin na feline kuma tare da zakin zaki, dan tunawa da tafiyar beyar... Irin wannan dabbobin gidan suna da wuya gallops, kuma abubuwan da aka saba sabawa matakai ne.
Halin kare
Napoletano Mastino shine mafi tsufa irin na Italia wanda ke da kyawawan halaye, wanda shine dalilin babbar nasarar sa a duk ƙasashe. Halin da aka saba, cikakken annashuwa yana ba mastiff nutsuwa da rashin tashin hankali.
A yankunanta, irin wannan dabbar gidan zata zama mai kulawa mara lalacewa, da ƙarfin zuciya yana kare gidan da gidan, mai shi da dukiyarsa. Da wuya Mastino ya yi rawar jiki, ya fi son yin abu nan da nan. An bambanta jinsin ta babban hankali da kyakkyawan halaye, saukin sadarwa, aminci da daidaito, ƙwarewar ilmantarwa mai kyau.
Tsawon rayuwa
Mastiffs ba su da tsawo, amma tare da kyakkyawar kulawa da bin ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin kulawa, gami da matakan rigakafin yau da kullun, wasu wakilan jinsin suna iya ƙetare alamar shekaru goma.
Abubuwan da ke cikin mastino neapolitano
Babban yanayin kiyaye mastiff shine samarwa dabbobinku motsa jiki da isasshe manyan motsa jiki.... Sabili da haka, irin wannan kare yana buƙatar tafiya na yau da kullun da dogon lokaci. Abu ne mai yuwuwa a ajiye wakilan irin wannan tsohuwar zamanin a cikin gida, amma matsala ce. Mastiffs na Neapolitan suna buƙatar faɗi da babban yanki.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Mafi kyawun zaɓi don yanayin kiyaye wannan gidan dabbar zai zama mallakar gida ne na kewayen birni, inda mastiff zai zama abin dogaro da aminci sosai.
Ya kamata a lura cewa kasancewar takamaiman mai gida yana da mahimmanci ga mashin din Neapolitano. Karen da ke da kyakkyawar kulawa da lura ya fi son samun yardar mai shi ta kowace hanya. Wani fasali na musamman na Mastiff babban zato ne mai ƙarfi, don haka irin wannan dabbobin gidan suna kula da baƙi tare da taka tsantsan.
Kulawa da tsafta
Mastiffs na Neapolitan suna da saurin zafi fiye da kima a cikin yanayi mai tsananin zafi, kuma irin wannan kare na iya samun zafin jiki koda kuwa idan babu haɗin kai tsaye da hasken rana kai tsaye. Idan aka ba mu girma, dabbar dabbar ba ta da lokacin yin sanyi da kanta, don haka ya kamata a dage tafiya zuwa safiya na safe ko yamma da yamma.
Kula da rigar mastiff ya ƙunshi tsabtatawa na yau da kullun da haɗuwa da tsari. Lokacin narkar da dabba na wannan nau'in yana dauke da 'yan makwanni biyu, yayin da ake yin tsefe a kowace rana. Magungunan ruwa sun dace da lokacin kawai, lokacin da ulu ta yi datti sosai, haka nan da nan kafin nunin ya nuna. Fata mai laushi irin wannan kare ba shi da kariya mai inganci a cikin rigar suttura, don haka wanka a kai a kai na iya haifar da dandruff a cikin dabbobin dabba, da kuma kaikayi da tsananin haushi.
Idanun kare da kunnuwan na bukatar sa ido kuma a tsabtace su a kai a kai sau biyu a mako. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, ƙafafun hannu, tare da wadataccen tafiya, ana iya niƙa su ta halitta. In ba haka ba, ana yin taƙaitaccen tsarin ƙusoshin gogewa ta hanyar amfani da abin yanka guillotine wanda aka shirya don manyan karnuka. Hakane kuma yakamata a binciki hakora akai-akai don abin rubutu da tartar. Don tsaftacewa, ana amfani da manna na musamman da goge.
Ya kamata a sani cewa Mastiff din na Neapolitan yana cikin nau'in "kare" mara wari, amma mai matukar "kiba", don haka gogewa a fuska a kai-a kai ya zama tilas a cikin kulawa. Rashin bin wannan ka'ida da yawan murda ihu a kullun sune musababbin yaduwar cututtukan fata daban daban. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, irin wannan dabbar dabbar ba ta iya sarrafa aikin saukar da shi, sakamakon wasu kayan daki da tufafin gidaje ko baƙi galibi ba za a iya amfani da su ba.
Yadda ake ciyar da mastiff
Ko da kafin samun kwikwiyo na wannan nau'in, mai kiwo yana buƙatar siye ba kawai duk kayan haɗin da ake buƙata ba kuma shirya wurin, amma kuma yanke shawara kan hanyar ciyar da dabbar. Tsakanin watanni biyu zuwa huɗu, dole ne a ciyar da ɗan kwikwiyon Neapolitan Mastiff a kalla sau hudu a rana.
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa bayan kwikwiyo yana da haƙoran madara, yana da matukar mahimmanci a tsara madaidaicin ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki ga dabbar gidan. Abu ne mai yuwuwa a ba kwikwiyo madaralai na musamman, abubuwan da suke da su na kusa da madarar uwa. Idan ya cancanta, ana haɓaka abun tare da wani adadi na homogenizer.
Ya isa ciyar da babban kare sau ɗaya kawai, kuma mafi kyau duka a cikin maraice... Abincin irin wannan kare dole ne ya zama yana da banbanci sosai, kuma ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga kayayyakin da wadataccen wadataccen kayan haɗin sunadarai zasu kasance. Bugu da ƙari, kuna buƙatar ba da ƙwayoyin bitamin ku na gida, wanda ke da mahimmanci musamman tare da farkon lokacin bazara.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A cikin shagunan dabbobi yau akwai wadatattun kayan abinci na masana'antu masu inganci, waɗanda ke ƙunshe da isassun adadin abubuwan da ake buƙata don kare.
Mastiffs na Neapolitan suna da ingantacciyar hanyar haɓakar ciki, sabili da haka, rikicewa a cikin tsarin narkewa yana da wuya. Koyaya, abinci mai gina jiki na irin wannan dabbar, ba tare da gazawa ba, dole ne ya zama ba daidaito kawai ba, amma kuma daidai. Yana da matukar mahimmanci a cire kashin kaji da shinkafa gabaɗaya daga abincin, wanda hakan yana faruwa ne saboda saurin ci gaban abubuwan da ke faruwa a jikin mastino.
Ciyar da kare ya kamata a yi a cikin awowi iri ɗaya kowace rana. Dabbobin gida ya kamata koyaushe suna da kwano cike da ruwa mai kyau cikin wadatar wadataccen wadata. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa ya fi dacewa a ciyar da Mastino Neapolitano tare da kayan abinci masu bushe mai inganci da inganci waɗanda aka wadatar da duk abubuwan alamomin da ake buƙata.
Mafi kyawun abinci don ciyar da babban kare shine Innova Dog, Eagle Pak Holistic Select® Lamb Meal & Rice da CANIDAE® Duk Matakin Rayuwa. A matsayin ƙari, zaka iya amfani da "Kanvit Chondro-Maxi" ko "Arthrophyte".
Cututtuka da lahani na asali
A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, Neapolitan Mastiff yana da ƙoshin lafiya, kuma mafi yawan ɓangaren cutar galibi ana tayar da shi ta hanyar kulawa mara kyau. Duk wata cuta tana bayyana kanta a cikin dabbobin wannan nau'in ta hanyar raguwa a cikin aiki gaba ɗaya da rashin son rai, da kuma sanyin jiki sananne.
A alamomin farko na cutar, ya zama dole a hanzarta ka je asibiti, don neman shawara daga likitan dabbobi. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, yana da mahimmanci a bi jadawalin rigakafin rigakafin ba tare da gazawa ba. Takamaiman cututtukan cututtuka na iya wakiltar su ta:
- nau'ikan nau'ikan rashin lafiyan;
- cututtuka na fata;
- samun nauyi mai yawa.
Tare da shekaru, mastiff na iya haifar da bursitis, wanda sakamakon sa shine tara ruwa a cikin gidajen abinci da bayyanar manyan ƙuraje a yankin gwiwar hannu. Sau da yawa, a cikin puan kwikwiyo masu saurin girma, ci gaban jijiyoyin jiki, gabobi da jijiyoyi suna jinkiri, wanda ke kasancewa tare da tsoka da ciwon haɗin gwiwa, kazalika da samuwar dysplasia na haɗin gwiwa.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Manyan Neapolitan Mastiffs suna da ƙaddara ga lalaci, kuma wannan halayen halayen ne wanda daga baya yakan zama babban abin da ke haifar da kiba na dabbobi.
Duk wani karkacewa daga mizanan ɗabi'a fa'idodi ne, kuma yawansu da tsananinsu suna haifar da ƙi... Za'a iya wakiltar lahani ta hanyar cizan ƙasa da jela, karkatacciyar ko wutsiya mai lanƙwasa wacce ta tashi sama da baya, da kuma bayyana ɓatanci a tsayin dabbar a bushe.
Rashin ingancin lahani ya hada da karkacewar da aka samu ta hanyar yawan kallo, bulging ko concavity na craniofacial axes, snub-nosed ko murguda muzzle, cikakken rashin pigmentation a kan hanci, da kuma cikakken rashin pigment a gefuna na eyelids.
Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, karnuka masu shudayen idanu masu launin shudi da runtse ido, tare da rashin wrinkles ko lankwasawa babu dewlap, da kuma waɗanda suke da gajeren gajere da kuma alamun fari masu yawa a jikin rigar, dole ne a hana su. Dole ne mazan Mastiff su kasance da ƙwaya biyu tare da sifa ta yau da kullun, a saukad da su cikin mahaifa.
Ilimi da horo
Mastiffs karnuka ne masu halaye masu wahala, saboda haka ya fi dacewa a ba da amanar aiwatar da ilimi da horo ga ƙwararrun masu kula da kare. Yana da matukar wahala a sami cikakkiyar biyayya da rashin tambaya daga dabbar wannan nau'in ta kan ku.Babban yanayin da zai baku damar nufin Napolitano mastino don horo shine amintarwa, tare da ƙirƙirar yanayi na abota, fahimtar juna da daidaito.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Yana da kyau a horar da dabbobin gidan Neapolitan Mastiff a kan filayen "kare" na musamman don irin wadannan dalilai, amma idan babu wasu dabbobi, a kalla a karon farko.
Horar da dabbar wannan nau'in yawanci yakan dauki lokaci mai tsayi, kuma yakan dauki kimanin watanni uku ko hudu kafin ya mallaki wasu ka'idoji na yau da kullun, don haka maigidan mastiff yana bukatar yin haƙuri. Kuna buƙatar fara aji tare da kare daga kimanin minti 5-10, amma a hankali lokacin irin waɗannan abubuwan ya kamata a kawo su zuwa rabin awa.
Sayi mastino neapolitano
Ma'aikatan Neapolitan suna da karnuka masu mahimmanci waɗanda basu dace da kiyaye masu kiwon kare-masu farawa ba... Don kaucewa gaba ɗaya kowane nau'in haɗari, sayan irin wannan dabbar dole ne a bi da shi sosai a hankali da ɗaukar nauyi. Zai fi dacewa don siyan ɗan kyanwa na mastino mai tsarkakakke a cikin keɓaɓɓen ɗakin kare tare da shawarwari masu kyau. Samun asalin asali zai rage haɗarin samun wani mahaukaci mai saurin shawo kansa.
Abin da za a nema
Kasancewar yawan wrinkles da lanƙwasawa akan fatar Mastino Neapolitano yana ƙara haɗarin rashes, kumburi da raunuka, saboda haka, yayin bincika kwikwiyo, yana da matukar mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa babu kamuwa da fata kwata-kwata.
Thean kwikwiyo dole ne ya kasance mai cikakkiyar lafiya, kamar yadda aka shaida ta:
- isasshen ƙiba, amma ba kitso ba;
- gashi mai kyalli mai kyawu;
- idanu, hanci da kunnuwa ba tare da fitarwa ba;
- abinci mai kyau;
- rashin tsefe.
Lokacin zabar, tabbatar da kallon halayyar kwikwiyo. Kyakkyawan lafiyayyun dabbobin gida dole ne su zama masu son sani da aiki, abokantaka ne da wasa. Sayan ɗan kwikwiyo ne kaɗai ke ba ku damar samun dabbar dabba tare da tsarin kulawa mai ɗorewa, halaye masu kiyayewa, ƙwarewar ilmantarwa da biyayya.
Yana da mahimmanci daidai don tabbatar da cewa dabbar ba ta da ciwo na ido-ido, wanda a ciki akwai kumburi da ja a yankin fatar ido na uku. Irin wannan ilimin na iya zama na gado ko na faruwa ne saboda shigar da ci gaban kamuwa da cuta a kan mucous membrane na idanu. Babu ƙananan haɗari shine cututtukan zuciya, tare da canje-canje a cikin jijiyar zuciya, rashin ƙarfi na jikin dabba, wahalar numfashi, rashi cin abinci da kuma ragewar nauyin jiki.
Farashin Neapolitan Mastiff
Kafin zabar kwalliyar kwalliyar neapolitano mastino, ya zama dole a hankali mu "sane" da furodusoshi, ma'auratan mahaifa, dattin da daga abin da ya tayar da sha'awa, wanda zai taimaka wajen tabbatar da lafiyar zuriya a matakin kwayar halitta da kebe kasancewar mummunan lahani.
Mahimmanci! Yi nazarin asalin asali kuma ku saba da bin ka'idar allurar rigakafi
Wajibi ne a yi la'akari da gaskiyar cewa a cikin ƙaramin zuriyar dabbobi, kwikwiyo, a matsayin mai mulkin, sun fi girma kuma suna da ci gaba sosai... Yaran 'ya'yan kwikwiyo daga mahaifiyarsu zai fi dacewa da farkon watanni biyu. Yana da matukar mahimmanci a samu shawara daga mai kiwon irin wannan game da ciyar da dan kwikwiyon da aka saya.
Ya kamata a sani cewa matsakaicin farashin mashin neapolitano na kwikwiyo daga ɗakin kare, ba tare da yin la'akari da jinsin irin wannan jaririn ba, ya yi yawa, wanda ya faru ne saboda ƙarancin ƙwararrun masu kiwo, duka a cikin ƙasarmu da ma ƙasashen waje. Farashin lafiyayyen dabba na iya bambanta ƙwarai dangane da kasancewa ga wani aji, amma mafi yawan lokuta yana da 40-100 dubu rubles.
Binciken mai shi
A cewar masu shi, mastiff, wannan nau'in an rarrabe shi ta hanyar kyakkyawar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da faɗakarwar hankali. Wannan nau'in kirki ne mai kulawa da kulawa ga mai shi, amma ba'a da shawarar siyan Neapolitano Mastino ga iyalai masu ƙananan yara. Irin wannan dabbar dabbar tana da kishi mai ban mamaki, kuma mafi yawan lokuta ana nuna kishin nasa ta hanyar zalunci. Har ila yau, ya kamata ku yi la'akari da gaskiyar cewa mastiffs suna iya fuskantar cututtukan haɗin gwiwa, kuma dole ne a haɓaka abincin yau da kullun tare da ƙwayoyin bitamin waɗanda ke ɗauke da glucosamine da chondroitin.
Daga farkon kwanakin bayyanar kwikwiyo a cikin gida ko gida, ya zama dole a saba masa da tsafta. Dabba mai cikakkiyar lafiya yakan murmure kusan nan da nan bayan farkawa, haka kuma bayan ciyarwa ko motsa jiki. Kuna iya tafiya da kwikwiyo bayan hanyoyin rigakafin farko, daga kimanin watanni uku da haihuwa.
Mafi yawan lokuta irin wannan dabbobin dabbobin suna tafiya, da sauri ana koyar da kare ya zama daidai. Lokacin tafiya ya kamata ya zama kamar awanni biyu ko uku a kowace rana, amma na iya bambanta dangane da shekarun dabbobin gidan da yanayin yanayin.
Ba abu mai kyau ba ne a sami kare na wannan nau'in don ajiye shi a cikin madaidaita da ƙaramin gida.... Babban dabbobin gida sun fi dacewa ga masu manyan gidaje masu zaman kansu tare da yanki mai faɗi don tafiya na yau da kullun. Kula da mastino yana da rikitarwa ta hanyar buƙatar tsaftace ɗumbin alƙaluma a kai a kai, tsefe rigar, da kuma share yankin bakin bayan kowane cin abinci.
Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, karnuka na wannan nau'in suna da lalatacciyar magana, kuma abinci da ruwa suna watsewa a wurare daban-daban yayin cin abincin, don haka irin wannan dabbar gidan ba ta masu kiyon karnuka ba ce.
