Barracudas (Sрhyraenа) sune kifin da ke cikin jinsin halittar kifin ruwan teku mai rai-rai da kuma umarnin perciformes. Barracudas an rarrabe su a cikin dangi mai alaƙa, wanda ya haɗa da fiye da dozin ɗari na zamani da ingantattun jinsuna.
Bayanin barracuda
Duk barracudas da ke zaune a cikin teku da ruwan teku a halin yanzu masu farauta ne, waɗanda, ya danganta da halayen halayensu, suna da wasu bambance-bambance na waje. Ta bayyanar su, duk barracudas suna kama da masu zubar da jini da haɗari masu haɗari - kogin pikes. Dalilin haka ne yasa barracuda ya sami suna na biyu - "teku pike".
Bayyanar
Wani fasali na musamman na barracuda shine kasancewar mai ƙarfi da ci gaba sosai, mafi girma da ƙaton muƙamuƙi, wanda ya fito fili sama da hawan sama. Yawan ƙananan hakora da ƙananan kaifi suna a waje da muƙamuƙi, yayin da a ciki akwai manyan hakora masu ƙarfi. Zuwa yau, matsakaicin girman girman mai farautar teku ya kai mita 2.05 tare da nauyin kilo 50.
Nau'in barracuda
A halin yanzu, akwai sama da nau'ikan jinsuna ashirin na halittu masu yaduwar ruwa wadanda ke cikin jinsin mutane na Barracuda.... Dukkanin dangin suna da halin girman jiki. Matsakaicin tsawon barracuda ya kai kimanin mita, amma galibi ana samun samfuran da suka fi tsayi. Nauyin jikin barracuda na manya ya bambanta tsakanin kilogram 2-10.
Jikin barracuda, ba tare da la'akari da nau'in ba, yana da siriri kuma ana iya faɗaɗa shi tsawaita, tare da kan "pike" da kuma "hancin hanci". Filo na barracuda ba su da yawa a cikin girma, kuma babban bambanci daga pike yana da wakiltar da ƙafafun ƙugu biyu.
Farkon ƙarshen dorsal yana da juyayi biyar da kaifin radial. An rufe jikin mai farautar teku da sikeli masu kauri kuma masu nauyi na azurfa, launuka masu launin kore-launin toho ko launuka masu launin toka-toka. Yawancin jinsuna suna da halaye masu kyau da sanarwa a gefuna.
Mafi yawan nau'ikan da ke ban sha'awa sune:
- babban barracuda (Sрhyraena barrracuda) - kifi mai farautar mita ko daya da rabi tare da babban kai da ingantaccen muƙamuƙin ƙasa. Mafi girma daga cikin waɗanda aka rubuta har zuwa yau sun zama manya, tare da rikodin nauyin 46.72 tare da tsawon 1.7 m, da kuma 50.0 kg tare da tsawon 2.0 m;
- sefirena-guachancho ko guachancho - daya daga cikin ire-iren gidan barracuda, wanda ke da tsawan jiki mai kama da dutsen torto tare da ingantaccen sifa, wanda ke tantance ikon motsawa cikin sauri da sauƙi a cikin layin ruwa. An rarraba jinsin a matsayin masunta a yankin Arewa maso yammacin Afirka da Amurka ta Tsakiya;
- Barracuda Blunt (Sрhyrаenа оbtusаta) - nau'ikan matsakaici mai tsayi wanda ba zai wuce rabin mita ba. Yankin rarraba yana wakiltar murjani, yashi da duwatsu a cikin Tekun Indiya da Pacific, da kuma bakin tekun gabashin Afirka, Philippines, Micronesia da Indonesia. Ba a bayyana takamaiman fasalin barracuda mai ƙarancin ƙarfi ba, ko abin da ake kira "zaman lafiya".
A wasu yankuna na yankuna masu zafi, farautar barracuda mai farauta ya shahara sosai. Ana yin kamun kifi da faɗuwar rana da daddare lokacin da rayuwar teku ta zama mai rikon sakainar kashi.
Rayuwa da tsawon rai
Barracuda na manne wa yankunan da ba su da zurfi, don haka galibi ana samun mai farautar a kusancin bakin gabar da kuma murjani. Ana amfani da manya da mutanen da suka manyanta don kiyaye ɗayan ɗaya, kuma duk ƙarancin kifi, ba tare da la'akari da nau'in ba, galibi suna ɓacewa cikin makarantu masu yawa da yawa. Wannan bambance-bambancen na "makaranta" ba al'ada bace ga mafi yawan kifaye masu farauta, saboda haka yana da fasali na musamman na barracuda.
Babban kifin yana da halin rashin motsi, saboda haka ya fi son farautar abincinsa daga kowane kwanto, gami da keɓaɓɓun sasanninta na murjani. A gefe guda, barracudas, waɗanda suka haɗu cikin garken tumaki, suna da alamun motsi mai ban mamaki.
Irin waɗannan masu farautar suna ci gaba da motsi, kuma mutane suna rugawa zuwa ganimar ganima tare da dukan garken lokaci ɗaya. Barracuda na da ikon isa zuwa babban gudu - har zuwa 42-43 km / h. A cewar masana da yawa, matsakaiciyar rayuwar ba ta wuce ba, a matsayin ka’ida, shekaru goma sha biyu.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Barracuda tana da kyakkyawar alaƙa da 'yan uwanta, don haka koda ɗan rauni a jikin kifin yana ƙara haɗarin rabuwar da danginsa.
Wurin zama da mazauni
Manyan kifayen da ake kama su sun fi son zama a cikin keɓaɓɓun layin tekuna na wurare masu zafi da ƙauyuka. Misali, akwai nau'ikan barracuda takwas a cikin Bahar Maliya da hudu a Bahar Rum.
Yankin rarraba barracuda kuma shine Red da Caribbean, Tekun Atlantika da Tekun Pacific. Domin babban mai farauta ya yi farauta kuma ya ciyar da kansa, mazaunin ya kamata ya zama ba wai kawai yana da dumi ba, amma kuma ba shi da zurfi, tare da wadatattun matsugunai da murjani.
Abinci da abinci mai gina jiki na barracuda
Babban abincin barracuda yana wakiltar ba mazaunan ruwa masu yawa ba, daga cikinsu akwai babban ɓangaren:
- mackerel doki;
- squid;
- anchovies;
- kayan kwalliya;
- jatan lande
Mafi yawan lokuta, manya da balagaggun jima'i, manyan barracudas suna kaiwa manyan mazaunan tekun hari, musamman idan irin wannan kifin ya ji rauni ko rauni daga cuta. Mai farautar ya ɓuya a tsakanin duwatsu ko jeji, inda zai iya farautar abincinsa na awoyi... Sannan barracuda ta yiwa mai rauni mummunan rauni a jikin ta tare da dukkanin jikin ta na tsoka, bayan haka sai ta ragargaza wanda ya rikice da haƙƙin da haƙoran haƙoranta da yawa.
Mai farautar teku yana da yawan annashuwa, don haka yana iya amfani da rayuwar ruwa mai guba da yawa don dalilan abinci, wanda ke haifar da tarin abubuwa masu haɗari da masu guba a cikin naman.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
A halin yanzu, masana kimiyya ba su iya tantance lokacin da halaye na yaduwar nau'ikan barracuda ba. Halin da kawai masana kimiyyar zamani suka sani yau shine gaskiyar cewa wani mai cin ruwa yana iya hayayyafa cikin shekara.
Idan masu farauta masu haɗari na iya farauta su kaɗai, to a lokacin kiwo irin waɗannan kifayen masu farautar sukan taru a manyan makarantu. Ana iya lura da yaƙe-yaƙe da zub da jini sau da yawa, ta inda maza da ke shirye don kiwo suke jawo hankalin matan da suka manyanta.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ana aiwatar da kitsen ruwa a cikin ruwan saman, kuma ƙimar yawan mace baligi da balagagge na iya kaiwa dubu 240-250 ba ƙwai da yawa ba.
Barracudas ya isa balaga da wuri. Kusan shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa, namiji a shirye yake ya sake haihuwar cikakkun offspringa offspringa... Mace ba ta da ɗan baya a cikin ci gabanta da haɓakarta, sabili da haka, suna samun balagar jima'i kuma suna zuwa haihuwar 'yan watanni kaɗan fiye da na namiji.
Kasancewar yanayi mai daɗi da dumi yana taimakawa ga bayyanar saurin soya, saboda haka, kusan nan da nan bayan bayyanar, ƙananan kifi suna farauta. Sau da yawa, jariran haƙori suna juyawa ba kawai ga iyayensu ba, har ma da wasu mazaunan ruwa. Yayinda barracuda soya ke girma da haɓaka, da kansu suna motsawa cikin ruwa tare da isa mai zurfi.
Hadari ga mutane
Wani hatsari na musamman ga mutane shine babban garken garken wanda barracudas ke da kwarin gwiwa sosai, saboda haka hatta mutanen da ke cikin ruwa ba sa haifar da tsoro a cikin irin waɗannan dabbobin na cikin ruwa. Mafi yawanci, ana rubuta hari akan mutum a cikin ruwa mai laka ko kuma mai duhu, inda barracuda ke hango kowane motsi na hannu ko kafa a matsayin damar farauta.
Mahimmanci! Masana da ke nazarin rayuwar cikin ruwa sun yi imani da gaske cewa haɗarin barracuda mai cin mutumci ga mutane yana da ƙari ƙwarai, tunda a mafi yawan lokuta irin waɗannan kifaye suna nutsuwa cikin lumana kusa da masu ruwa da tsaki kuma ba su nuna wata fitina.
Kamar yadda aikin yake nunawa, dalilin harin wani mai farauta akan mutum na iya kasancewa kasancewar abubuwa masu sheki akan mai iyo. Godiya ga kaifi da haƙoranta masu yawa, barracuda yana haifar da mummunar lalacewa, yana tsage ba kawai fata da ƙwayar tsoka ba, har ma jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin mutum.
Darajar kasuwanci
A yau ana kama barracuda sosai ba kawai don wasanni ba, har ma don dalilan masana'antu. Manya da manyan barracudas sune masu cin kazamin ruwa, saboda haka kusan basu da abokan gaba na asali a cikin mazauninsu, ban da mutane.
Ana sarrafa naman kifin mai farauta ta duk hanyoyin da aka sani yanzu. Ana iya soyayyen Barracuda, a dafa shi, a dafa shi a cikin tanda ko a kan wuta.
Hakanan ana shirya jita-jita daga fillet, waɗanda gaba ɗaya basu da ƙashi da fatu. Koyaya, abubuwan cin abinci na gaskiya da masana masun abinci sunyi imanin cewa fata ce zata iya ba wa kifin jita-jita na ƙamshi na musamman, ƙanshi da ƙoshin mai. Fillet da aka toya a cikin batter ya shahara musamman kuma ana amfani dashi tare da salati ko sabbin kayan lambu.
