Piranha gama gari (Pygocentrus nattereri) kifi ne mai kama-da-kifi wanda sananne ne ga yawancin masanan ruwa, wanda ke cikin dangin piranha mai yawa (Serrasalmidae). Za a iya ajiye kifi mai tsananin tashin hankali a gida, amma don noman nasara, kuna buƙatar la'akari da halaye na ƙirar halittu na piranha, kuma ku samar masa da mafi kyawun yanayin rayuwa.
Bayani da halaye
Ga waɗanda ke aikin kiwon kifin aquarium, piranha gama gari an fi saninsa da mai jan ciki, ja ko Natterera piranha. Nau'ikan jinsin farko masu ban sha'awa sun bayyana tsakanin masu sha'awar ruwa a cikin gida fiye da shekaru hamsin da suka gabata, kuma an kawo su zuwa yankin ƙasarmu a karnin da ya gabata daga rafuffukan Amazon da Orinoco.
Matsakaicin tsawon kifin, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya banbanta tsakanin 10-20 cm, amma kuma akwai manyan mutane... Duk nau'ikan sun bambanta da launi, wanda a mafi yawan lokuta shine koren zaitun ko baƙi tare da shuɗi. Cikin ciki da gefuna galibi suna da duhu ko azurfa-launin toka.
Wani halayyar takamaiman yanayin piranha shine babban bakin da ke fitowa, yadudduka, hakora mai siffa mai faski tare da wani bangare mai kaifi, wanda ke bawa mai farauta damar tono ko da cikin mawuyacin fata na abin ganinta. A duka jaws, hakoran suna da tsari iri ɗaya, amma layin na sama karami ne, kuma a cikin yanayin bakin da yake rufe yana a sararin dake tsakanin ƙananan haƙoran. Muƙamuƙan suna aiki a ƙarƙashin tasirin ƙwayoyin tsoka masu ƙarfi. Wani fasali na ƙasan muƙamuƙi shine sauyawar sa gaba da lanƙwasa haƙori haƙoran baya.
Yankin rarraba yanayi
Piranha - makarantar kifi... Karkashin yanayin yanayi, wannan bakon mahautan yana haduwa a manyan makarantu wadanda suke zaune a wuraren ajiyar ruwa wadanda suke a yankin na Kudancin Amurka. Mahalli na asali - Amazon, Paraguay, Parana da Essequibo, amma yawancin mutanen ana samun su a ƙasashe kamar Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Paraguay, Brazil da Central Argentina.
Kifayen da ke cin karensu ba babbaka sun fi son farautar ganima a cikin ruwa mara zurfi ko kuma a cikin ruwa mai laka, saboda haka, ba shi da yawa a cikin teku, inda ba a ba wannan damar ta farauta. Lokacin ɓatancin a mazauninsu daga Mayu zuwa Agusta. Gluttony yana sanya piranhas zama a cikin tafkunan da suka yawaita cikin kifi.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Piranha wani nau'in kogi ne mai tsari, saboda haka, a ƙa'ida, kawai mazaunan ruwa masu rauni ko marasa lafiya ne suka zama ganima.
Siffofin kiyayewa cikin bauta
Kiwo na gida na piranha yana da matukar wuya tare da matsaloli.... Baya ga piranha na yau da kullun, masanan ruwa na cikin gida suna da ƙwazo sosai:
- piranha siriri ne;
- dwarf piranha;
- tutar piranha;
- metinnis na gama gari da na wata;
- ja ko jan-iska mai tsami;
- mil redfin.
Piranhas na Aquarium abin birgewa ne, mai tsananin jin kunya da taka tsantsan, saboda haka, tare da motsi kwatsam yayin aiwatar da sufuri ko kamawa, kifin da sauri ya nitse zuwa ƙasan. Mai wuce gona da iri yana farfadowa sosai, kuma fatar da lahanan da suka lalace suna iya murmurewa sosai.
Mahimmanci!Ya kamata garken garken da zai zauna a cikin akwatin kifaye ya ƙunshi kifi iri ɗaya da girmansa. Ana ba da shawarar kiyaye nau'in guda a cikin akwatin kifaye ɗaya, wanda zai hana rikice-rikice da damuwa.
Maƙwabta don kifayen da ke farauta suna buƙatar zaɓar su daidai, suna fifita ƙananan yara, yara, guppies da takobi, da kifin kifi mai sulke.
Shirya akwatin kifaye
Flockaya daga cikin garken piranhas, wanda ya ƙunshi kifi biyar zuwa takwas, ya kamata a ajiye su a cikin akwatin kifaye, wanda girman sa na iya bambanta tsakanin lita 170-200... Matasa za a iya sasanta su a cikin akwatin kifaye mara kima, kuma ga manya, akasin haka, akwatin kifaye tare da girman ruwa 300-500 lita abin so ne. Ana iya amfani da abubuwa masu ƙira iri-iri don ado, gami da duwatsu masu girma dabam-dabam, itacen shuke-shuke na ɗabi'a, da shuke-shuke masu rai ko tsire-tsire na wucin gadi.
Don cika akwatin kifaye, ana amfani da ruwa wanda ke da ɗan ƙaramin acidic ko tsaka tsaki. Valuesimar pH mafi kyau ya zama 5.5-7. Yanayin zafin jiki mai dadi zai iya bambanta tsakanin 24-26˚С. Dole ne a kiyaye ruwa mai kyau sosai koyaushe, wanda ana maye gurbin kashi goma na ruwa daga yawan adadin akwatin kifaye kowace rana. Wajibi ne don samar da kyakkyawan yanayi da kuma tace ruwa.
Abubuwan halayyar ɗabi'a suna nuna amfani da matsuguni da tsire-tsire na akwatin kifaye a cikin tsari na wani muhimmin ɓangare na sararin akwatin kifaye, jimlar adadinsu ya zama kusan kashi biyu bisa uku na adadin.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Piranhas na akwatin kifaye yana amfani da haƙori, a matsayin ƙa'ida, don manufar kare kai, don haka ba safai suke lalata ciyawar cikin ruwa ba.
Abincin Piranha
A cikin ɗabi'a, tafkunan ruwa, abincin piranha ya banbanta sosai, kuma ban da sauran kifaye, tsoffin farauta suna iya ciyarwa akan molluscs, masu juyawa daban-daban, wasu yan amphibians, da fruitsa fruitsan itace da seedsa seedsan ruwa da ke yawo akan ƙasa.
Lokacin kiyaye shi a cikin akwatin kifaye na gida, ana bada shawara samar da abinci mai kyau, ta amfani da wannan dalilin ƙananan kifi, jatan lande, naman kifi, da ƙwarin ƙasa... Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, lallai ne a kara abinci tare da yankakken dankalin turawa da zucchini, yankakken farin kabeji, yankakken letas da alayyafo. Allocananan yanki an ware musamman don ciyarwar yau da kullun.
Don hana haɗarin kiba da cututtukan narkewar abinci, bai kamata a ciyar da piranhas da naman alade mai naman dabbobi ba. Irin wannan abincin, idan ba'a ci shi sosai ba, yana saurin ruɓuwa cikin ruwan akwatin kifaye, kuma yana haifar da gurɓata mahalli wanda ke lalata kifi. Kyakkyawan sakamako da ajiyar lokaci ana samun su ta hanyar amfani da ingantattun ciyarwar busasshe tare da daidaitaccen abun, wadatuwa da dukkanin buƙatun bitamin da na ma'adinai.
Dokokin ciyarwa
Mahimmanci!Ana ciyar da akwatin kifin sau ɗaya a rana.
Tsarin yana ɗaukar minutesan mintuna, bayan haka dole ne a cire sauran abincin daga cikin ruwan. Ta hanyar ciyarwa mai kyau, yana yiwuwa a daidaita halayen haƙuri na mutane ga juna, sakamakon haka an gina tsattsauran matsayi a cikin garken a cikin tsarin sarauta. Wani zaɓi mai matukar dacewa don ciyar da mai cin akwatin kifaye yana rataye abinci akan kirtani, wanda ke sauƙaƙa cire duk ragowar abincin da kifi bai ci ba kuma yana taimakawa rage haɗarin gurɓatar ruwa. Kifin da ya faɗi a ƙasa ba ya cin abinci, don haka da sauri ya zama tushen haifuwa na microflora mai cuta.
A farkon watannin farko na rayuwa, ana amfani da daphnia, tubifex da dutsin ciki azaman abinci. Daga watanni uku, ana iya sauya kifi zuwa abincin manya wanda ya hada da nama. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa adadi mai yawa na nama a cikin abincin yana ƙara haɗarin rashin haihuwa, don haka yawan irin waɗannan abincin furotin bazai wuce kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na yawan abincin ba. Ana ba da shawara ga kifin manya su shirya wani nau'in azumin azumi sau hudu a wata, wanda ke rage yiwuwar kiba da gabobin ciki.
Mahimmanci!Yankin abinci bazai zama babba ba. A wannan yanayin, yana yiwuwa a rage asarar abinci.
Tsarin cin abinci nau'ikan manuniya ne na lafiyar piranha. Idan masu cin abincin akwatin kifaye ba su hanzarta zuwa abinci ba, to ana iya ɗauka cewa yanayin tsarewar ba daidai bane.
Sake haifuwa a gida
Don piranhas na kiwo a gida, ana amfani da filayen samar da spawn na musamman, wanda yawan kifin zai zama kusan lita 300 na ruwa. Za'a iya samun ƙarfin motsawa ta hanyar haɓaka zafin jiki zuwa 28 ° C, tare da maye gurbin yau da kullun na 25% na ƙimar ruwa, ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki da motsawar aiki. A ƙasan kwalin spawning, kuna buƙatar cika layin ƙananan pebbles. Matsayin daidaitaccen irin wannan Layer bazai zama ƙasa da 50 mm ba.
Lokacin ƙirƙirar mafi kyawu, yanayi mai kyau, mace piranha tana yin ƙwai kimanin dubu 2-3, tana sanya su a cikin gida da namiji ya riga ya haƙa. Namiji piranha shima yana kula da zuriyar da ta bayyana. Vawayoyin daga ƙwai sun bayyana a cikin 'yan kwanaki, kuma tuni a rana ta shida suka juye zuwa soya, don ciyar da abin da yake da kyawawa don amfani da cyclops, brine shrimp da yankakken tubule.
Matakan kariya
A cikin akwatinan ruwa tare da piranhas na gida mai kyau da kyau, zaku iya aiki da hannuwanku, amma yana da matukar mahimmanci cewa babu rauni ko rauni na jini akan fata.
A yayin aiwatar da ayyuka masu gudana, haramtacciyar hanya ce fitar da garken piranhas zuwa cikin kusurwa ko matsattsun wuri, Tunda wannan yanayin yakan haifar da fitina cikin kifi. Piranhas ya zama mafi haɗari a lokacin ɓatancin, don haka dole ne a yi aiki a cikin akwatin kifaye ko filayen da ke cikin taka tsantsan, ta amfani da raga mai laushi ta musamman.
Nasihu don zaɓar nau'in
Lokacin zabar nau'ikan iri daban-daban, kuna buƙatar la'akari da wasu takamaiman fasali, da kuma ikon samar da ingantaccen kulawa ga yanayin ruwa. Mileus red-finned ko Mileus-luna shine ɗayan kyawawan kyawawan wakilai na nau'in piranha mai yawan ciyawa... Wannan nau'in ba shi da daɗi a cikin kulawa da yanayin haɓaka, saboda haka yana da kyau ga masanan ruwa marasa ƙwarewa.
Jan pacu mai saurin girma yana iya yin kyau tare da abinci na tsire-tsire, amma wannan piranha yana buƙatar abinci kawai don spawn. Jinsunan basu dace da wadanda kawai suka fara kwarewar kiwon kifin akwatin kifaye ba. Mafi kyawun aboki da ɗan akwatin kifaye piranha ana ɗaukarsa da kyau Metinnis talakawa ne ko kifi mai madubi.
An shawarci masu koyon sabon ruwa su sayi dwarf ko tutar piranha, wanda sauƙin jure wasu kurakurai a cikin kulawa, kuma a ƙarƙashin yanayin kulawa mai kyau, kusan ba sa nuna zalunci. Tare da ƙwarewa da yawa, zaku iya la'akari da siran siririn piranha.
Sayi piranha - tukwici da dabaru
Lokacin sayen sihiri, kana buƙatar kula da yanayin tsarewa a wurin sayarwa... Ya kamata a kiyaye kifin a cikin ruwa mai tsafta, daidai da tsarin ciyarwar, saboda haka, ana ba da shawarar siyan kayayaki kai tsaye ta hanyar ɗaukar-kai. Ba shi yiwuwa galibi a tantance lafiyar dabbar layya ta isar da saƙo.
Mahimmanci!Kifi mai lafiya ya banbanta da halaye da kuma kamanni. Piranhas masu ciwo suna wucewa ko kuma suna da rauni a daidaitaccen motsi. Ba su da kusan cin abinci. Jikin lafiyayyen kifi bazai sami kumburi ba, ko ulce ko ƙuraje mara kyau, da kuma ruɓi mai kauri ko gajimare.
Bayan saye, har ma kifin da ba ya nuna alamun rashin lafiya dole ne a sanya shi a cikin akwatin kifaye na keɓewa. Bayan kamar mako guda, ana saka lafiyayyun mutane cikin tanki na dindindin.
Kuna buƙatar siyan sihiri na musamman daga amintattun masu ruwa ko a shagunan da ke ƙwarewa wajen kifin kifin akwatin kifaye. Kudin mutum ɗaya ya dogara da nau'in da shekarun, amma galibi ya bambanta daga dubu ɗaya da rabi zuwa dubu uku rubles. Kudin samfuran da ba su da kyau a wasu lokuta yakan kai dubban rubles don ɗayan saurayi.
