Wutsiyar da ke cike da marmari da gashin gashi mai wadata alamu ne masu haske na ƙirar polar. Wannan dabba mai ban mamaki ana kuma kiranta fola, saboda kamanninta na waje. Amma a lokaci guda, an lakafta fox din Arctic a matsayin jinsin daban, wanda ya hada da jinsi daya kawai.
Bayani: nau'ikan da ƙananan raƙuman Arctic
Kyakkyawan dabba Arctic fox yayi kama da girman jan fox... Jikinta ya kai santimita hamsin zuwa saba'in da biyar. Kuma jelar kusan rabin tsayin jikin Kwarin Arctic ne. Game da nauyi - a lokacin bazara, dabbar ta kai kilo hudu zuwa shida, tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, nauyinsa ya karu da kilo biyar zuwa shida.
Duk da cewa, a kallon farko, kamannin waje da fox, fox arctic yana da kunnuwa masu kunkuntar kuma a lokacin sanyi suna da alama sun fi guntu saboda ulu mai kauri Amma a lokacin rani sun fice, a gani sun fi girma. Fuskar dabba gajere ce kuma mai ɗan kaɗan. Hakanan, ƙafafuwan nasa tsintsiya ne kuma an lulluɓe da zanen ulu mai kauri.
Yana da ban sha'awa!An rarrabe foxs na Arctic da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi da kyakkyawan ji, yayin da ganinsu ba shine mafi kyau ba. Kuma, ba shakka, mutum ba zai iya kasa lura da kyawawan kyawawan larurar furcin dabbar ba. Shin kuna iya samun irin wannan a cikin 'yan uwansa karnuka, a cikin karnukan nan guda ɗaya?
Wani fasalin daban na dabban Arctic dangane da wasu membobin danginsa shine bayyananniyar canjin yanayi a launi: narkakken yanayi yana faruwa sau 2 a shekara. Akwai manyan nau'i biyu na launuka masu launi - shuɗi da fari. Tare da lokacin dumi, rigarsa ta zama launin toka-ruwan kasa-kasa ko ja mai launin baƙi, tare da farkon lokacin sanyi, launi ya canza sosai - launin shuɗi mai shuɗi yana sanya rigar launin toka mai shuɗi tare da shuɗi mai shuɗi, kuma farin farar - kyakkyawan fari-fari.
Hakanan lokacin sanyi yana shafar ingancin ulu. Idan a lokacin rani kwandon Arx fox ya fi siriri, yawansa yana ƙaruwa sau da yawa tare da farkon farkon sanyi: rigar tana da kauri sosai a jikin jikin dabbar, gami da jela.
Wurin zama
Yankin Arctic fox kusan duk Arewa Pole ne. Dabbobi ba sa zama ko'ina. Sun ɗauki kyakkyawa zuwa Arewacin Amurka kuma suka zauna akan Sabuwar Land. Yankunansu sune tsibirin Kanada, Aleutian, Komandorskie, Pribylov da sauransu, gami da Arewacin Eurasia. Blue foxes sun fi son tsibirai, yayin da ake samun fararen dabbobi galibi a cikin babban yankin. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin emasashen Arewa a cikin yankin na tundra, ana ɗaukar fox da ake kira dabba mai cin nama. Hatta dunƙulewar kankara na ɗaya daga cikin manyan tekuna mafi sanyi a duniya da Arctic ba banda bane. Luxurious da nimble Arctic fox ya shiga cikin zurfin Arewa Pole.
Yawancin lokaci, idan ƙaurawar hunturu ta fara, dabbobi sukan hau kan kankara kuma su bar bakin teku don tazara mai kyau, wani lokacin sukan mamaye ɗaruruwan kilomita. Masu bincike-masana kimiyya hakikanin cikakkiyar alamar "alamar" fox na kilomita dubu biyar an rubuta! Dabbar ta fara tafiya daga Taimyr kuma ta isa Alaska, inda aka kama ta.
Salon rayuwa
Hunturu don karnukan Arctic lokaci ne na makiyaya, lokacin da dabbobi ke yin tafiya mai nisa domin neman abinci. Amma dai kawai, suna sanya kansu kogon gida a cikin murfin dusar ƙanƙara. Kuma idan suka kwana a ciki, kusan basa jin komai: zaka iya kusantar su. Don neman abinci, waɗannan kyawawan dabbobi suna haɗuwa tare da beyar polar. Amma idan lokacin rani yazo, Kwarin Arctic yana jin daɗin rayuwar rayuwa wuri ɗaya. Ya shirya wa danginsa, wadanda suka hada da mata, mata, da kansa da kuma jariran bana, a wani fili mai fadin muraba'in mita biyu zuwa talatin. Asali, dangin Arx na Arctic suna rayuwa daban, amma akwai lokuta idan wani dangi ya zauna kusa da shi, har ma da na uku, sun zama yan mulkin mallaka. Dabbobi suna sadarwa da juna da wani irin haushi... Tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, irin waɗannan ƙauyuka sun watse.
Abinci: siffofin farautar farautar Arctic
Ba a bambanta karnukan Arctic da haɗari, akasin haka, suna da hankali yayin farauta. A lokaci guda, don kamun farauta, suna nuna wayo, juriya har ma da girman kai. Idan mai farauta ya zama ya fi girma girma fiye da dabba a kan hanya, to, ba shi da hanzarin bayarwa. Na ɗan lokaci ya bar kaɗan kaɗan, sannan ya zaɓi lokacin dacewa kuma ya sami abin da yake so. Dangane da abubuwan da masana kimiyyar halitta suka gano, masu farautar da kansu suna kaskantar da kansu ga kasancewar Foxar Arctic, dabbobinsu kawai basa yarda dasu. Sabili da haka, lamari ne na yau da kullun a cikin yanayi: ganima ta cinye ta tare da yawancin dawakan Arctic.
Idan babu farautar dabbobi a yankin, Foxn Arctic ba sa jin tsoron tunkarar gidajen mutane, kuma idan suna jin yunwa sai su saci abinci daga rumbuna, daga karnukan gida. Akwai sanannun lokuta na lalata dabbar Arctic, lokacin da dabba da gaba gaɗi ya ɗauki abinci daga hannayensa, yana wasa da dabbobin gida.
A cikin farauta, dawakan Arctic sun bayyana kansu ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Zasu iya binciken abinci a raye ko kuma su gamsu da "kafadar maigida", ma'ana, su ci mushe ko kuma su ci ragowar abincin wani. Abin da ya sa ke nan, a yanayin sanyi, Kwarin Arctic ya zama “aboki” na beyar har tsawon makonni - mai fa'ida, ba za ku taɓa yin yunwa ba.
Lemmings shine babban abincin ganiman Arctic a cikin hunturu.... Dabbobin suna same su a ƙarƙashin rigunan dusar ƙanƙara. Da zuwan dumi, Arxin Arctic suna farautar tsuntsaye: tundra da farin jaka, geese, mujiya pola, kananan tsuntsaye daban-daban da gidajen su. Da zaran mafarauci ya kusanci abin farautarsa ɗan nesa kaɗan, siren a cikin siffar farin farin geese “ya kunna”. Don yaudarar faɗakarwar tsuntsaye, Kwarin Arctic yana zuwa farauta tare da abokan aikinsa. Bayan haka, bayan ya isa kajin ko ƙwai, to sai yaudarar mai farauta ya kwashe a cikin man ɗin gwargwadon yadda zai iya dacewa da shi. Dawowar ta sami abinci ba kawai don ɗan lokaci ta ƙosar da yunwa ba. A matsayin mai mallakar kuɗi, shi ma yana yin kayayyaki - yana binne tsuntsu, beraye, kifi a ƙasa ko aika shi ƙarƙashin kankara.
A lokacin bazara, Kwarin Arctic ya zama rabin cin ganyayyaki, yana cin abinci akan algae, ganye, da 'ya'yan itace. Yana yawo a bakin teku kuma ya kwaso waɗanda ke waje da teku - kifin kifi, kifi, urchins na teku, ragowar manyan kifi, walruses, like. Adadin da rayuwar karnukan Arctic kai tsaye sun dogara da babban abincin su - lemmings. Akwai lokuta idan akwai ƙananan maganganu, kuma saboda wannan dalili, dawakai da yawa sun mutu saboda yunwa. Kuma, akasin haka, ƙyanƙyashewar karnukan Arctic na ƙaruwa sau da yawa idan akwai wadatattun beraye.
Sake haifuwa
Kafin samun zuriya, Foxan Arctic suna yin wa kansu ramuka. A cikin ƙasa mai daskarewa zuwa zurfin mita, wannan ba sauki bane. Ana zaɓar wuri don gidan koyaushe a cikin mafi girman wurare, tun da ana iya tsammanin ambaliyar tare da narkewar ruwa a saman ɗakuna. Bayan haka, idan mink ɗin yana da dumi da kwanciyar hankali don kiwo, ana iya wuce shi daga tsara zuwa tsara na shekaru ashirin! Idan aka watsar da tsohuwar mink, za'a gina sabo a wani wuri kusa kuma an "haɗe shi" zuwa gidan magabata. Sabili da haka, ana ƙirƙirar duka maɗauka tare da hanyoyin shiga 60 ko fiye. Lokaci ya wuce kuma dawakannin arctic zasu iya komawa tsoffin burukan su, sabunta kuma fara rayuwa a cikin su. Masana ilimin kimiyyar halittu sun gano irin wannan labyrinth na polar fox, wanda dabbobi suka ci gajiyar su fiye da ƙarni ɗaya.
Don samun kwanciyar hankali ga dabba da itsa itsanta su zauna a cikin rami, an zaɓi wuri ba kawai a kan tudu ba, a cikin ƙasa mai laushi ba, har ma tsakanin duwatsu waɗanda suke da mahimmanci don kariya.
A cikin watan Afrilu, lokacin kiwo don dawakan Arctic ya fara. Wasu dabbobin suna yin aure, yayin da wasu suka fi son ƙungiyoyin mata da yawa. Lokacin da mace ke cikin zafi, ana yin faɗa tsakanin maza masu hamayya. Don haka, suna jawo hankalin zaɓaɓɓen zuwa ga kansu. Hakanan kwarkwasa na iya faruwa ta wata hanyar: namiji yana guduwa a gaban mace da kashi, sanda, ko wani abu a cikin hakoransa.
Ciki na ƙwarjin marainiyar mata yana ɗan ƙasa da wata biyu. kuma kwana arba'in da tara ne zuwa kwana hamsin da shida. Lokacin da mai ciki ta ji cewa ba da daɗewa ba za ta haihu, a cikin makonni 2 sai ta fara shirya gidaje don wannan, ta haƙo mink, ta tsabtace ganye. Zai iya yin rago a ƙarƙashin daji idan, saboda wasu dalilai, ba shi da mink mai dacewa. Idan shekara ta juyo da yunwa, za a iya samun kaguwa hudu ko biyar a cikin kwandon shara. Lokacin da komai yayi daidai, an haifi 'ya'yan ango takwas zuwa tara. Adadin rikodin kusan ashirin ne! Idan ya faru cewa 'ya' yan marayu a cikin kurkusa kusa, koyaushe maƙwabtan mata za su karɓe su.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Yawancin lokaci fararen dawakai suna haihuwar 'ya' ya da sutura mai hayaki, kuma masu launin shuɗi masu launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa.
Kimanin makonni goma, jariran suna shayar da madarar uwa, kuma bayan sun kai makonni uku zuwa huɗu, dawakan Arctic sun fara barin burrow. Duk iyayen sun halarci tarbiyya da ciyar da zuriya. Tuni a cikin shekara ɗaya, sa ofan dokin Arctic sun kai girma. Karnukan Arctic suna rayuwa kimanin shekaru shida zuwa goma.
Abubuwa masu haɗari: yadda za a tsira daga dawowar Arctic
Duk da cewa Kwarin Arctic na mai farauta ne, amma kuma yana da makiya. Wolverines na iya farautarsa. Zai iya zama wanda aka azabtar da kerkeci, karnukan raccoon. Dabbar tana kuma tsoron manyan tsuntsaye masu cin nama, kamar mujiya na ungulu, mujiya mai dusar ƙanƙara, skua, gaggafa mai fari-fari, gaggafa ta zinariya, da dai sauransu.
Kukunan Arctic sun mutu saboda cututtuka daban-daban - mai raɗaɗi, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, cututtukan hauka, cututtuka daban-daban. Rashin tsoro saboda rashin lafiya, dabbar ta yanke shawarar kai farmaki ga manyan dabbobi, mutane, barewa, karnuka. Wasu lokuta maƙunda a cikin wannan jihar na iya fara cizon jikinsa, a ƙarshe ya mutu saboda cizon kansa.
A da, mutane suna farautar farautar Arctic saboda kyakkyawar gashin gashinta, wanda ya haifar da raguwar adadin dabbar. Sabili da haka, a yau an tsara lokacin farauta sosai. Saboda sauƙin dabba, dabbobin Arctic yanzu suna cikin fursuna, kuma Finland da Norway sune jagororin wannan kasuwancin.
