Ba kwa buƙatar kunkuru mai kunnuwa mai jan kunne idan baku shirya ba: a) yi kwalliya don ruwa mai tsada da fadada (share ta najasa kowane kwana uku); b) samar mata da abinci iri-iri; c) kashe kuɗi kan tsarin gidan kunkuru (tare da abin dumamawa, matoci da fitilun UV). Kuma wannan yana daga cikin damuwar da babu makawa sabon mai shi zai fuskanta.
Kunkuruwar Amurkawa
Sunan dangi kuma yana nuna nau'ikan nau'ikan: kunkuru mai kunnuwa (wanda aka fi sani da launin rawaya) kunkuru na iya yin la'akari da Amurka ta Tsakiya, Meziko, arewacin Venezuela da Kolombiya, da kuma Amurka a matsayin mahaifarsu.
Godiya ga mutum, waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe sun bayyana a Guadeloupe, Afirka ta Kudu, Isra'ila, Burtaniya da Spain. A Ostiraliya, ba su yi farin ciki game da mamayewar su ba, suna ayyana su a matsayin kwari, suna fitar da dabbobi masu rarrafe.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kunkuru masu jan kunne galibi kan fito a jikin ruwa na Gundumar Tarayyar Kudancin da yankin Krasnodar. An gan su a cikin tafkunan da tafkunan Rostov-on-Don, Anapa, Gelendzhik da Yeisk. Waɗannan sune waɗancan dabbobin marasa sa'a waɗanda zamansu a cikin birni ya zama babban nauyi ga masu su.
Kuma yana da kyau idan kunkuru da aka saki cikin daji ya rayu: waɗannan halittun thermophilic kwata-kwata basu dace da yanayin sanyi na Rasha ba. Akwai dama kawai ga waɗanda aka ƙusance a kan bututu tare da magudanan ruwa masu ba da guba.
Kada ku jarrabe ku da girman abin wasan kunkuru (za su juya zuwa ɗakunan ruwa masu kyau tare da shekaru) kuma kuyi tunani sau ɗari idan za ku iya jure duk wahalar da ke kansu na kulawa da su kafin ku sayi wannan dabba mai lalata da sauri.
Na waje, bayanin
Masanin ilimin kimiyyar halittu zai banbanta namiji da mace ta halaye da yawa, gami da girma: maza sun fi mata ƙima. Bunƙuru mai jan kunne mai jan kunne ya girma har zuwa 30 cm, da wasu nau'ikan - har zuwa rabin mita ko fiye.
'Ya'yan kunkuru suna kama da koren koren ganye masu haske waɗanda suke yin duhu yayin da suke girma: carapace ta zama launin ruwan kasa mai duhu ko baƙi (tare da layin rawaya jaƙa) Kai, wuya da wata gabar jiki suna da nasu adon, inda masu lankwasa kore da fari suna tare.
Ventananan ɓangaren harsashi yawanci duhu ne, amma diluted (kamar na sama) tare da raƙuman rawaya masu rawaya da launi iri ɗaya.
A kan kan kunkuru, akwai wasu jajayen launuka ja guda biyu wadanda suke kusa da idanuwa. Wadannan jajayen "alamomin" sun sanya wa jinsin sunan. Dogaro da rabe rabe, launin launuka suna canzawa kuma ana iya kashe shi rawaya, rawaya mai haske ko lemu.
Rashin hakora ba zai hana wannan kunkuru daga daidaita kowane abu mai ƙarfi ba: maƙwabta masu ƙarfi za su taimaka masa. Wani makamin na "krasnushka" shine ƙwararrun ƙusoshin ƙarfi da kaifi waɗanda suke yaƙi da su.
Ba a inganta kayan aikin murya ba, amma idan ya cancanta, togiyar za ta yi ihu, ta yi daɗa har ma da taƙaitaccen ɗan lokaci.
Kunkuru masu kunnuwa ba sa korafin wari ko gani. Abinda kawai ya basu damar shine jita jita. Koyaya, dabbobi masu rarrafe nan take suna amsawa ga rustlesles da yawa kuma koyaushe suna sarrafawa cikin ruwa.
Salon rayuwa
Kunkuru na rayuwa ne a fadamu da kududdufai marasa zurfin ciki da tabkuna wadanda ba a san su da tsarkinsu ba. Yana nuna karin kuzari, farautar ganima (kifi, kayan kwalliya, tadpoles, katantanwa da sauran dabbobin ruwa) ko gujewa makiya. A wasu lokutan, ba ta yin komai: tana son rarrafe a kan tudu, tana fallasa ƙwarjinta zuwa hasken rana. A cikin ruwan sanyi (ƙasa da + 18 ° C), “ja” ya daina cin abinci kuma ya zama mai gajiya.
Abokan gaba na kunkuru sun hada da:
- Jaguars - da ƙwanƙwasa fitar da dabbobi masu rarrafe daga harsashi.
- Foxes - tura kunkuru akan duwatsu.
- Tsuntsaye masu ganima - jefa su kan duwatsu.
- Sauran kunkuru da kaguwa suna cin 'ya'yan kunkuru.
- Sharks da manyan kifayen farauta suna cin kunkuru.
Masana ilimin halitta sunyi imanin cewa kunkuru mai kunnuwan kunnu (sabanin shahararrun maganganu) yana sauri da sauri a cikin ruwa da ƙasa. Sauri yana taimaka mata ta rabu da waɗanda ke bin ta, tana mai guje wa cikas.
Dabbobi masu rarrafe sun lura da wani abu mai hatsari kimanin mita 40 daga kansa, wanda yake ba shi lokaci don saurin zamewa a ƙarƙashin ruwa: godiya ga wannan walƙiya-mai saurin haske, an yi wa kunkuru lakabi da "sikori".
Idan ta kasa tserewa, za ta kare kanta: saurin jefa kai zai biyo baya da rufe maƙogwaron ƙarfi a jikin wanda aka azabtar. Tan kunkuru ba zai iya cizon kawai ba, har ma da rauni.
Hakanan raunin zai iya kasancewa ta hanyar fitar da dabbar a cikin ruwa ba da gangan ba, lokacin da take shuɗa tare da gaɓoɓinta na baya, waɗanda ke cike da kaifin farce.
Zuriya
Ko da gogaggen masanin kimiyyar kiwon dabbobi ba zai fadi wanda ke gabansa ba (yaro ko yarinya) har kunkuru ya cika shekara daya. A wannan zamanin ne dimorphism na jima'i yake bayyana kansa.
Bambanci tsakanin jinsi
An san cewa mata sun fi na maza yawa, amma ana iya ɗaukar wannan halayen mai mahimmanci ga waɗanda aka haifa a lokaci ɗaya. In ba haka ba, yana da wuya a iya ƙayyade bene ta girman.
Akwai sanannun halaye don taimaka muku fahimtar jinsin dabbobin ku. Don haka, a cikin maza:
- tabo a kusa da ido ya fi haske da girma;
- yatsun kafa mafi tsayi a ƙafafun gaba, yana taimaka wa manne wa abokin tarayya yayin yin kwafin;
- ƙananan ɓangaren jiki yana haɗuwa, yayin da a cikin mata yake kwance;
- wutsiya mai kauri da tsayi
Bayani game da balagar jima'i na kunkuru mai kunnuwan kunnuwansu ya ɗan bambanta. Yawancin lokaci, dabbobi masu rarrafe sukan shiga cikin lokacin balaga da shekaru 5-6, kuma da yawa a cikin fursuna.
Biyu
Kurucin da ke zaune a gidajen zoo da kuma gidaje suna saduwa ba tare da la'akari da lokacin ba, amma, kasancewa a cikin mazauninsu, suna bin wasu ranakun (Maris - Yuli).
Namiji yana yin rawar rawa, babban matsayin da aka sanya shi ga ƙusoshin hannun waɗanda aka zaba. Hakanan matasa masu dabbobi masu rarrafe suma na iya kwaikwayon wasannin mating: amma waɗannan "maimaitawar" ba sa haifar da haihuwa har sai lokacin da kunkuru ya fara shekarun haihuwa.
Abokin ya yi iyo tare da jelarsa a gaba, kasancewa yana kusa da kan abokin, ba tare da gajiyawa ba yana cusa bakin ta da faratansa. Idan mace ba ta damu da jima'i ba, ta yarda da wannan kwarkwasa. Lokacin da ba a shirye don saduwa ba, kunkuru ya kori saurayin, yana amfani da karfi na jiki ga musamman maras kyau.
Zuriya
Idan saduwa ta kai ga hadi, mace za ta fara yin sanyi a rana kuma ta canza yanayin cin abincin ta. Wannan sananne ne musamman a cikin kunkuru mai kunnuwan cikin gida kuma baya haɓaka cikin bala'i: kawai ya zama dole a daidaita menu, gami da yawan abinci.
Kimanin watanni 2 aka bayar don ɗaukar ciki, amma lokacin yana ƙaruwa idan ba zai yuwu a sami wuri mai kyau ba don kwanciya. Makonni biyu kafin "haihuwar" mace kusan ba ta barin ƙasa, tana nishaɗi tana tono shi. Bayan sun yanke shawara akan wurin da za'a shimfida, sai dabbobi masu rarrafe su jika shi da ruwa daga mafitsara ta duban kasa da gabobin bayanta.
Kunkuru mai jan kunne mara kyau ce: bayan kwanciya ƙwai (daga 1 zuwa 22), ta manta gaba ɗaya game da zuriyar. Shiryawa, tsawon lokacinsa ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki, yana ɗaukar daga kwanaki 100 zuwa 150. Hakanan zafin jiki a cikin gida yana shafar jima'i na 'yan kunkuru: a 29 ° C zuwa sama, ana haihuwar' yan mata, a 27 ° C da ƙasa, yara maza ne kawai ake haifa.
Don fita daga cikin kwan, kunkuru da aka haifa suna huda ƙwanin da haƙoran ƙwai, wanda ke faɗuwa bayan awa ɗaya. Duk jarirai suna da ƙaramar jaka a cikin cikinsu tare da ragowar abubuwan shiryawa: faɗuwa, yana barin rauni mai saurin ƙaruwa.
Adana kunkuru mai kunnuwa
Kunkuru ne kawai a wajan gani yana haifar da tunanin yaudarar dabba mara girman kai. A cikin rayuwar yau da kullun, zaku sami matsaloli da yawa waɗanda dole ne a sadu da su ɗauke da makamai.
Kayan zaman kunkuru mai kunnuwa
A cikin gida, ana ajiye kunkuru a cikin akwatunan ruwa na musamman.
Yana da kyau a saya aquaterrarium mai girma daga lita 100 zuwa 150, wanda aka cika shi da ruwa kimanin cm 20-30. Ana yin hakan ne don kunkuru, idan ya juye a bayansa, zai iya ɗaukar matsayinsa na yau da kullun ba tare da taimako ba. An kuma shawarce ku da gina wani bakin rairayin bakin teku wanda ke dauke da fitila mai dumama wuta da kuma fitilar UV wanda zai kashe ƙwayoyin cuta.
Yankin rairayin bakin teku ya kamata ya sami gangara daga kasan akwatin kifaye, tare da yanayin ƙasa mara kyau, amma ba haifar da fashewa ba. An shawarce su da sanya bakin ba zai wuce 20-30 cm ba daga saman akwatin kifaye, tunda wasu dabbobin gida suna iya fita daga gidansu. Yanayin zafin jiki a ƙasa ya zama kusan 29-30 ° C.
Za'a iya yin ado da ɓangaren ruwa da algae, amma kafin dasa su, ya kamata ku gano ko suna da guba, tun da kunkuru suna son dandana komai. Kifi, a hanya, kada ku ci algae mai guba. Bugu da kari, algae dole ne ya dace da matakin haske da zafin jiki a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Baya ga algae na ado, zaku iya shuka ciyayi don abinci. Spirogyra, hornwort, anacharis, duckweed, ludwigia sun dace da waɗannan dalilai.
Ruwan ya kamata ya zama mai tsafta da ɗumi, kusan 26-28 ° C. Ya kamata a canza shi yayin da yake datti ko sau ɗaya a wata.
Ciyarwa
Ciyar Kunkuru abu ne mai ban sha'awa. Da farko, ana ciyar da yara a kowace rana, yayin da ake ciyar da kunkuru kusan sau 2-3 a mako. Abu na biyu, tare da shekaru, ya kamata abuncin tsire-tsire ya yi nasara. Sabili da haka, idan kunkuru ya girma a cikin akwatin kifaye, to ana cin algae.
Ingantaccen abinci - wani muhimmin bangare a kula da lafiyar dabbobi. Saboda wannan dalili, ya kamata mutum ya kusanci abin da ke cikin abincin a hankali. Dole ne abin da ya ƙunsa ya haɗa da abinci na tsire-tsire, abubuwan bitamin da na ma'adinai kuma, ba shakka, kifi (cod, hake, thalass) da nama.
Abincin tsire na iya ƙunsar: abutilone, basil, aloe, oregano, peas, balsam, fig, rudbeckia, clover, coleus, calendula, nettle, albasa, alfalfa, nasturtium, arrowroot, daisies, dandelion, petunia, purslane, tradescantia, rose petals, chlorophytum, fuchsia, sha'ir, hips, cyperus, Kalanchoe, fern, calathea, hibiscus, gloxinia, ciyawar ciyawa, kofi, plantain.
A lokacin rani, ana samun abinci "kyauta" a cikin nau'in ciyayi: karas da gwoza saman, ba za a iya ba da saman dankalin turawa, rassan bishiyoyin 'ya'yan itace da bishiyoyi.
An haramta ciyar da kunkuru tsire-tsire kamar su monstera, epipremnum, philodendron, anthurium, yi shuru, akalif, croton, jatrophe, azalea, delphinium, crocus, ɗaukaka ta safiya, lily na kwarin, lupine, periwinkle, oleander, juniper, nightshade, ficus, philodendrn, sheflera. Lissafin da aka lissafa suna da guba sosai har ma daga yadda aka taɓa su, kunkuru yana da dogayen raunuka da marurai. Idan ruwan 'ya'yan wadannan tsirrai ya shiga idanun wata dabba, to yana haifar da cutar.
A wasu lokuta, yin amfani da tsire-tsire da aka hana yana ba da gudummawa ga rikicewar tsarin juyayi da sashin hanji.
Sabili da haka, yayin zabar abubuwan da aka tsara don abinci mai gina jiki, ya kamata mutum yayi hankali, tunda abinci ne wanda shine mabuɗin lafiyar dabbobin gida.
Sayi kunkuru mai kunnuwan kunne
Manoman kunkuru masu kunnuwa suna cikin Amurka da Malesiya. Duk haramtattun kayayyaki da halal na waɗannan dabbobin masu son zafi sun fito daga can.
Ana siyar da kunkuru masu haske kore "na kopecks 5 da yawa" a kan titi. Suna da kyau kwarai da gaske kuma sun watse a karkashin karyar yan kasuwa game da rashin dacewar kunkuru.
Babu wanda ya san abin da jariran ke ciwo, mafi yawansu za su mutu a farkon watanni bayan sun ƙaura zuwa wani gida. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, ciwon huhu (cututtukan kunkuru mafi yawan gaske) shine dalilin mutuwar waɗannan matalautan.
Tabbas, zaku iya siyan dabbobi masu rarrafe a cikin shagon dabbobi don 200-250 rubles, amma me yasa, idan shafukan suna cike da nishi na masu mallakar yanzu waɗanda suke mafarkin kawar da kunkuntun da aka samu?
Wadannan mutane, wataƙila, ba za su karɓi kuɗi daga gare ku ba kuma da farin ciki za su ba ku ba kawai cin abincinsu ba, har ma da wadataccen sadakin (fitilu, siphons, filters, aquaterrarium).
Kuma abu na karshe. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, kunkuru masu kunnuwan kunnuwansu suna rayuwa aƙalla shekaru 40-50, kuma musamman samfuran da ke ci gaba da rayuwa har zuwa 80. Idan kun kasance a shirye don irin wannan dogon zancen tare da "jan kunnen", nemi dabbobin gidanku na gaba a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar jama'a da dandalin tattaunawa.
