Dabi'un shugabanci, waɗanda ke da goyan baya na yarda da kai, kasada da kuma ƙarfin hali - ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa masu kiwo suna kiran Spitz na Jamusanci, waɗanda aka ba su waɗannan halayen, "Napoleons".
Tsarin asali
FCI ta amince da shi a cikin Janairu 2013. Irin wannan halin yana da irin wannan aikin na waje, duk da yawancin nau'ikan.
Spitz da ke gudana a kan leshi yayi kama da gashin kwalliya, wanda hanci, kunnuwa da ƙafafu ke fitowa daga ciki. Idan ka kalli cikin kwallon, za ka ga yanayin kamannin kare.
- Spitz ɗin Jamusanci yana da matsakaiciyar kai, mai faɗi a baya kuma yana tafe a hankali zuwa hanci, wanda ya ƙare da ƙaramar blackar baƙar fata. Zai iya zama launin ruwan kasa tare da launin ruwan kasa.
- Idanun suna da dan tsayi kaɗan ko zagaye, an ɗan sunkuyar da su, tare da iris mai duhu da fatar ido baƙi / ruwan kasa.
- Kunnuwa a tsaye suke, masu tsini, a tsaye. Kare yana da ci gaba da muƙamuƙi, da wuya mai faɗi da mawuyacin yanayi.
- An bambanta nau'in ta hanyar gajeren croup, ciki mai ɗaci da kirji mai zurfin tare da furcin gaban gaba.
- Spitz yana alfahari da kasusuwa masu ƙarfi da gaɓoɓin muscled tare da ƙafafun zagaye da gammayen pads.
- Tailunƙwasa mai laushi da sassauƙa, galibi yana ƙarewa da zobe biyu, yana kusa da baya.
- Doguwar madaidaiciya da madaidaiciya tana da goyan baya daga babban sutura. Abun wuya yayi kama da na zaki. Gashi mafi kauri a jiki da gaban goshin (baya). Ana lura da gajeriyar ƙaramar gashi a kai da gaban gabobin kafafuwa.
Lissafi ta tsayi!
Akwai nau'ikan ci gaba guda biyar na jinsin, ga kowane ɗayan wanda aka ba da izinin zaɓin launuka daban-daban.
- Launin launin toka mai launin zonal ya saba da karnuka mafi girma, wanda ake kira kwarini (wani suna shine keeshond). Girman su ya fara daga 43 zuwa 55 cm.
- Baƙi, fari da launin ruwan kasa ana karɓa don akasarin (babban Spitz), yana girma har zuwa 42 - 50 cm.
- Mittelspitz (matsakaiciyar spitz), wanda tsayinsa ya yi daidai tsakanin tazarar 30 - 38 cm, ana iya yin launuka ta hanyoyi daban-daban, ciki har da baƙar fata, lemu, fari, yankin launin toka, launin ruwan kasa da sauran launuka.
- Kleinspitz ko karamin spitz, wanda aka yiwa alama da tsayi kaɗan a bushe (23 - 29 cm), shima yana iya faranta ran maigidan da launuka iri-iri.
- Yawancin launuka an halatta kuma dada spitz (ƙaramin spitz ko lemu) - fari, lemu, launin ruwan kasa, baƙi, launin toka da sauransu. Waɗannan su ne mafi ƙanana wakilan jinsin, wanda tsayinsa a bushe ya kai 18 - 22 cm. Saramar girma ana ɗaukarta aure.
Ga kowane ɗayan iri biyar na Jamusancin Spitz, an tsara nauyi, gwargwadon tsayi.
Spitz mai tsabta mai tsabta tare da fararen gashi zai kashe kuɗi mai yawa fiye da takwarorinsa masu launi daban-daban. Wannan saboda ƙwarewar aikin keɓe farin-dusar ƙanƙara "Napoleons".
Halin Spitz na Jamusanci
Dogsananan karnukan haɗi suna cikin waɗanda aka fi so da masu hikima da sarakuna, gami da Michelangelo Buonarroti, Catherine II da Mozart.
Wataƙila manyan mutane, kamar masu sha'awar Spitz na yau, sun yaba da su ba kawai don kyansu ba, amma, a sama da duka, don ikonsu na tausayawa, aminci da ƙarfin hali mara misali.
Spitz babban aboki ne: an cusa masa bukatun mai shi kuma ya ƙaurace masa. Dabbar a shirye take don jure duk wata wahala ta doguwar tafiya, don kawai kada a rabu da mai ita. Idan na biyun yana cikin haɗari, Spitz zai yi gaba gaɗi don kariya, yana watsi da girman abokan gaba.
Spitz ba sa jin kunya da manyan karnuka: zai ruga tare da su zuwa wani yaƙi wanda bai dace ba, yana kiyaye iyalinka.
Wannan zagaye mai haske yana iya ihu da ƙarfi, amma idan kuna so, zaku iya yaye shi daga wannan (rashin dacewar maƙwabta). Godiya ga tausayinsa na asali, zai nuna abin da kuka yarda da shi.
Domin kare ya girma cikin ƙoshin lafiya da nutsuwa, yana buƙatar tafiya sau da yawa, yana shiga cikin wasannin waje. Kar ka manta da sanya shi a kan bashi kusa da hanyoyi don kada Spitz ya faɗa cikin sha'awar kansa.
Tsayawa Spitz na Jamusawa a gida
Kulawar dabbobin tana lura da yanayin gidan kuma suna yin halayya da ita, suna nuna halaye na yarda da soyayya.
Spitz zai iya yin shiru yana jiran awanni har maigidan ya farka, kuma ya yi kuka mai zafi idan ya hana shi shi kaɗai a cikin wani babban gida. Spitz kamar kananan tina bearan bea yara suna girmamawa waɗanda aka koya musu wasa da hankali tare da waɗannan karnukan: kar a kama ƙafafun, kar a ja wutsiya da dogon gashi, kada a sanya gwiwoyi da manyan wurare, don kada dabbar dabbar ta sami rauni yayin tsalle.
Irin yana da sauƙi don horarwa. Spitz nan da nan koya sabbin dabaru, ƙarfafawar maigidan da yabo. Lokacin horar da kare, kawar da kururuwar da azabtarwa: ta wannan hanyar baza kuyi nasara ba a horo, amma ku damu da tunanin kare.
Yanayi na ɗabi'a da zamantakewar al'umma suna ba Spitz damar samun yaren gama gari tare da sauran dabbobin gida. Yi hankali kawai kada cutar da kuliyoyin mara daɗi ko ƙoƙarin mamaye karnukan da suka fi girma.
Tarihi
Tarihin mafi tsufa irin na Tsakiyar Turai ya samo asali ne tun shekaru fiye da 2.5, wanda ya samo asali ne daga karen farko da ya fara bayyana a zamanin Dutse.
Kare don talakawa
Ta hanyar Renaissance, girman girman Spitz na Jamusanci, gami da tsayi da nauyi, a hankali ya ragu sau 2-3: bayyananniyar shaidar wannan ita ce zane-zanen karnuka akan jita-jita na zamani da allunan.
Da farko dai, karnuka kanana sun kasance a kan talakawan gonaki, suna kiyaye su da karfin manyan karnuka tare da kwatanta su da na baya a cikin rashin wadatar zuci.
Ba da daɗewa ba, ƙarancin abincin spitz, haɗe da kyawawan halaye na sa ido, ya sami karbuwa ta ɓangaren da ya bunƙasa, ya tilasta karnukan su tsare ƙauyuka da gonaki, su kori mahauta daga dabbobi kuma su bi makiyaya.
Kare ga masu hannu da shuni
Aristocrats sun ga Spitz kawai a cikin karni na 18. Da farko wannan ya faru ne a Jamus, inda kowane yanki ya keɓance irinsa na Spitz, wanda ya faɗo cikin filin kallon masu martaba Turai.
Spitz ya zauna a Turai: mashahuri sune karnukan fararen fata, waɗanda ba su da shahara sosai - launin ruwan kasa da lemu.
Zuwa karni na 19, jinsi ya shigo Amurka, inda aka kafa kungiyar Spitz ta Ingilishi, aka fara gudanar da nune-nunen. An yarda da tsarin farko na asali a cikin 1891. Karnuka sun kasu kashi biyu: na farko, wadanda suka hada da dabbobin da nauyinsu ya kai kilogiram 2,5, na biyu kuma - na Spitz da nauyin da ya wuce kilogiram 2,5.
A yau, Pomeranian spitz da aka samo a Amurka ana ɗauka mafi kyau a duniya.
Rasha
A cikin ƙasarmu, an ga Spitz a ƙarshen karni kafin ƙarshe. Attajirai suna tsunduma a kiwonsu, wanda shine dalilin da yasa "napoleons" suka kasance cikin halayen silar burgeois. A cikin kowane lardin, an yi kiwon karnukan spitz tare da sifofin halayyar waje da halayya.
A farkon karnin da ya gabata, an riga an raba nau'in zuwa kungiyoyi uku, kuma an gudanar da nune-nunen a manyan biranen Rasha, inda kimanin 50 Jamusanci Spitz suka halarci.
Yawan yaƙe-yaƙe yaƙe-yaƙe na duniya na karnin da ya gabata ya yi tasiri sosai. Yanzu Spitz yana sake jin daɗin ƙarin sha'awa tsakanin masu siye da masu shayarwa, wanda aka bayyana ta bayyanar Russia mutane waɗanda suka dace da ƙa'idodin duniya.
Kulawar Spitz ta Jamus
An bayar da kare mai kyau da daidaitaccen abinci, zai rayu aƙalla 15 kuma mai yiwuwa shekaru 20. Farawa daga watanni 2, ana koyar da dabbar gidan don tafiya cikin iska mai kyau na mintina 15-20, a hankali yana ƙara lokaci.
Matsayin rauni na Spitz shine haƙoransa. A gare su da gumis, don kauce wa cutar lokaci, ya zama dole a saka idanu, tsabtace kai tsaye tare da burushi na musamman da liƙa.
Yaro dan kwikwiyo ya kamata ya saba da goge hakora, yatsun kafa, hanyoyin ruwa da tsefewa tun yana karami.
Haɗuwa
Tare da gyaran gashi na ulu, babu shi a cikin gida. Don tsefewa waje, yi amfani da tsefe na musamman da goga. Na farko ana buƙatar cire kwallayen daddaɗa na ulu da ƙaya da suka makale wa tafiya.
Hakanan tsefewar na taimaka wa gashi, yana ba dabbar ta wata roko ta musamman.
Ana amfani da burushi a kowace rana, goge kare daga baya / kirji da kuma ci gaba: don saurin magudi, gashi ya kasu kashi-kashi.
Wutsiya, farawa daga tushe, an tsefe ta ƙarshe. Needsarfin tufafi na bukatar a tsefe shi kawai yayin zubewa.
Aski
Gashi na waɗannan karnukan (musamman Wolfspitz) ba su da wari mara daɗi na kare, kuma askinsu ana yin su ne don kada su ɓata bayyanar su.
Ana bada shawarar yankewa (sau ɗaya a mako) don kawar da ƙwanƙwasa gashi da kiyaye yanayin dabba mai kyau.
An mai da hankali sosai ga sarrafa kunnuwa. Yi amfani da ƙananan almakashi don ƙoshin lafiya. An ciro dogon gashi a cikin auricles.
Don kula da kwalliyarta, ba a yanke wutsiya a gajarta. A kan yatsun kafa, ana yanke ƙwallan da aka ruɗe, a ɗan rage sassan baya da na gefe.
Wankewa da farce
Masu mallakan Spitz na Jamusanci suna iya azabtar da dabbobin gidansu tare da hanyoyin wanka na yau da kullun. A zahiri, ana wanke kare idan yana shirin wasan kwaikwayo ko kuma da gaske datti ne.
Bayan wanka, ulu ya bushe sosai tare da tawul, sa'annan kuma an fara kwarara iska mai dumi daga na'urar busar da gashi.
Babban mahimmin mai nuna ado shine kyakkyawar hanya, wanda akeyi kowane watanni 2: an gyara dogon kusoshi tare da abun yankan farce, ana nika a karshen tare da fayil.
Ciyarwa
An ciyar da kwikwiyo sau 3 - 4 a rana, kare mai girma - sau 2 a rana. Ana bayar da abincin a lokaci guda, ana tabbatar da cewa dabbar gidan ta ci shi ba tare da wata alama ba.
Idan abinci ya kasance a cikin kwano a ƙarshen cin abincin, rage sashi. Lasa akwati yana zama alama don ƙara yanki ɗaya.
Abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar don Spitz na Jamusanci:
- Rawanyen dafafaffen nama (rago, naman sa, naman doki da kaji).
- Abincin madara mai ƙanshi, gami da cuku.
- Qwai.
- 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da kayan marmari.
Ana bayar da bitamin da abubuwan ma'adinai bayan an tattauna da likitan dabbobi.
Gidan wanka
Idan baku da damar ɗaukar karenku waje sau da yawa, koya shi zuwa akwatin kare kare. Spitz yana da tsabta sosai kuma da sauri ya fahimci abin da tiren ke don.
Babban abu ba shine wulakanta ko tsawatar da kwikwiyo ba. Bari alherin ku ya zama babban hanyar kiwon shi.
Inda zan sayi Spitz na Jamusawa
Jamusanci Spitz ba abu ne mai wahala ba a ƙasashen ƙetare, saboda haka zaku iya siyan ƙuya kwalli daga hannu idan kuna buƙatar aboki, kuma ba takarda ba da ke tabbatar da asalin ta. A wannan yanayin, zaku kiyaye cikin adadin ƙasa da 25 dubu rubles.
A cikin Rasha (har ma a cikin garuruwa da garuruwa na lardin) akwai ɗakunan nursery da yawa da ke siyar da tsarkakakiyar Spitz akan farashin dubu 30-45. Tare da irin wadannan karnukan ba abin kunya bane su bayyana a wasannin kare da nunawa.
Idan kana son zama mai kiwo na Spitz na Jamusanci, shirya aƙalla dubu dubu 45 don siyan aan kwikwiyo tare da bayanan asali na asali da kuma asalin zuriya.
