Bakar karkanda dabba ce mai cin ganyayyaki, ɗayan nau'ikan nau'ikan biyu na karkanda na Afirka (akwai kuma farin karkanda). A dabi'a, akwai ƙananan raƙuman karkara 4.
- marayan bicornis -Spees na baki karkanda, hankula. Ya rayu galibi a yankunan busassun, wato a Namibia, a arewa maso gabas da kudu maso yamma.
- bicornis karami - yawan wannan ƙananan ƙungiyoyin suna da yawa, suna zaune a yankin kudu maso gabas, a Tanzania, Zambia, Mozambique, da kuma arewa maso gabashin Afirka.
- bicornis michaeli - Wani yanki ne na gabashin karkanda na baƙar fata, wanda kawai za'a iya samun sa a cikin Tanzania.
- bicornis dogon - Kananan kamfanonin Kamaru.
A halin yanzu Cameroonananan kamfanonin karkanda na Kamaru sun bayyana a hukumance sun mutu... A cikin Afirka, a wasu sassanta, yawan wannan dabba ya wanzu. Lokaci na karshe da aka ga baƙin karkanda a yanayi shi ne a 2006. A ranar 10 ga Nuwamba, 2013, IGO na Yanayi ya ba da sanarwar cewa mafarauta sun lalata kananan kamfanonin Kamaru.
Gabaɗaya, kowane ɗayan sauran ƙananan raƙuman baki akwai su a cikin daji, amma yau dabbobi suna gab da ƙarewa. Kuma mutum ba zai iya daukar a zahiri "a darajar fuska" adadi da masu binciken suka yi ba game da bakin karkanda baki daya, tunda daya daga cikin kungiyoyin masana kimiyyar halittu sun gabatar da hujja cewa 1/3 na baki karkanda, wadanda aka dauke su gaba daya sun mutu, mai yuwuwa hakika ya zama mai rai.
Bayyanar
Black karkanda - babban mai shayarwa, wanda nauyinsa zai iya kaiwa kilogram 3600. Bakar karkanda babba babbar dabba ce, wacce ta kai tsayin mita 3.2, tsayin ta ya kai santimita 150. Fuskar dabba galibi ana kawata ta da ƙaho 2, amma akwai yankuna a Afirka, musamman a Zambiya, inda zaku iya samun karkanda na wannan nau'in mai ƙaho 3 ko ma 5. Naho na baƙin karkanda an zagaye shi a ɓangare (don kwatantawa, fararen karkanda suna da ƙahon trapezoidal). Horahon gaban karkanda shi ne mafi girma, a tsayin ƙahon ya kai santimita 60.
Launin baƙin karkanda galibi ya dogara da launin ƙasa inda dabba take. Kamar yadda kuka sani, karkanda na son kwanciya cikin laka da ƙura. Bayan haka, a cikin karkanda, asalin launin launin toka mai launin toka yana ɗaukar inuwa daban, wani lokacin ja, wani lokacin kuma fari. Kuma a wuraren da dusar kankara ta daskarewa, fatar karkanda ta yi baƙi. Kuma a zahiri, bakin karkanda ya bambanta da fari a bayyanar leben sama. Bakar rhino tana da leɓen sama na sama wanda yake rataye a ƙananan lebe tare da halayyar proboscis Don haka ya fi sauƙi ga dabba, tare da taimakon wannan leɓen, don karɓar ganye daga cikin ciyawar da ƙanƙani.
Wurin zama
A farkon ƙarni na 20, an ga ɗumbin baƙin karkanda a Gabas da Afirka ta Kudu, kuma kaɗan a cikin Tsakiyar Afirka ta Kudu. Abun takaici, ba da daɗewa ba mafarauta suka hallaka waɗannan dabbobin, don haka suka sha wahala irin ta dabbobin Afirka da yawa - baƙin karkanda sun zauna a wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa.
Bakar karkanda dabba ce mai cin ganyayyaki. Yana zaune akasari inda shimfidar wuri ta bushe, walau acacia, savannas shrub, gandun daji marasa yawa ko sararin samaniya. Ana iya samun baƙin karkanda a cikin rabin hamada, amma da wuya ƙwarai. Dabbar ba ta son shiga cikin dazuzzuka, dazuzzuka na Yammacin Afirka da Kongo. Kuma duk saboda karkanda ba ta iya yin iyo, ko da ƙananan matsalolin ruwa suna da wuyar shawo kansu.
Abinci
Sama da dari biyu Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire sun hada da abincin baƙarya ta karkanda. Wannan herbivore yana da sha'awar aloe, agave-sansevier, candelabra euphorbia, wanda ke da ƙarancin katako da ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Rhino baya kyamar kankana, haka ma shuke-shuke masu furanni, idan kwatsam ya sami irin wannan damar.
Black karkanda shi ma ba zai ƙi 'ya'yan itacen ba, wanda shi da kansa yake tarawa, ya ɗebo ya aika a bakinsa. Wani lokaci, dabbar na iya tsinke ciyawar. Masu bincike sun lura cewa waɗannan ciyawar ciyawar suna cin ciyawar dawa. Ta wannan hanyar, karkanda baƙar fata suna ƙoƙari su ƙara abinci mai gina jiki ta hanyar amfani da gishirin ma'adinai da abubuwan alamomin, waɗanda ba su da yawa a cikin ƙwayoyin da ake ɗorawa. Girman karkanda ya yi zufa da yawa, saboda haka, domin sake cika jikinsa da danshi, dabbar tana buƙatar shan ruwa da yawa. Don ko ta yaya rama rashin ruwa, idan babu madatsun ruwa a kusa, sai ya ci ƙaya mai ƙaya.
Sake haifuwa
A cikin karkanda baki, rutuwa tana faruwa kowane wata 1.5... Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a wannan lokacin mace tana bin namiji kanta. Farkon lokacin da mace ta fara haihuwa ita ce lokacin da ta cika shekara uku ko hudu. Ga namijin karkanda bakar fata, farkon lokacin saduwa yana farawa daga shekara bakwai zuwa tara. An haifi karkanda ta yara bayan watanni 16.5... An haifi jaririn ruwan hoda, tare da duk girmansa da ninkaya. Koyaya, har yanzu bashi da ƙaho. Karkanda suna rayuwa a matsakaita shekaru 70.
