Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) na dangin penguin ne, tsari mai kama da penguin.
Rarrabawa na Humboldt Penguin.
Humboldt penguins suna da yawa a cikin ƙananan yankuna na yankin Pacific na Chile da Peru. Yankin rarraba su ya faro daga Isla Foca a arewa zuwa Tsibirin Punihuil a kudu.
Humboldt mazaunin penguuin.
Humboldt penguins suna cinye mafi yawan lokacinsu a cikin ruwan gabar teku. Yawan lokacin da penguins ke shafewa a ruwa ya dogara da lokacin kiwo. Penguins marasa gida suna yin iyo na matsakaicin awanni 60.0 a cikin ruwa kafin dawowa ƙasa, aƙalla awanni 163.3 na irin waɗannan tafiye-tafiyen. A lokacin nest, tsuntsaye suna ɗan rage lokaci a cikin ruwa, aƙalla awanni 22.4, aƙalla awanni 35.3. Kamar sauran nau'o'in penguin, penboins Humboldt suna hutawa, hayayyafa kuma suna ciyar da zuriyarsu a gabar teku. Yankin Tekun Pacific da ke Kudancin Amurka gabaɗaya yana da dutsen da manyan abubuwan adana guano. A irin waɗannan wurare Humboldt penguins gida. Amma wani lokacin suna amfani da kogwanni a bakin tekun.
Alamomin waje na penboin Humboldt.
Humboldt penguins tsuntsaye ne masu matsakaici, daga 66 zuwa 70 cm a tsayi kuma suna da nauyin kilo 4 zuwa 5. A bayan baya, ladin fuka-fukai masu launin toka-toka-toka, a kirjin akwai fuka-fukai masu fari. Kan shine bakar fata mai dauke da fararen ratsi a karkashin idanuwa wadanda suke bi ta kowane bangare a kusa da kai kuma suna haduwa a gwaiwa don samar da lankwasa mai kama da koki.
Wani fasali na jinsin shine sananne, baƙar fata a ƙira, wanda shine muhimmin fasalin jinsin, kuma yana taimakawa wajen rarrabe wannan nau'in daga Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus). Solidarfin yatsan a kirji kuma yana taimakawa rarrabe manya tsuntsaye daga penguins na yara, waɗanda suma suna da duhu mafi duhu.
Kiwo da kiwo na penboins na Humboldt.
Humboldt penguins tsuntsaye ne masu aure. Namiji yana kiyaye shafin gida kuma yana kai hari ga mai fafatawa duk lokacin da zai yiwu. A wannan yanayin, maharan yakan karɓi raunin da bai dace da rayuwa ba.
Humboldt penguins na iya yin kiwo kusan duk shekara zagaye a ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan yanayin yanayi a yankin da suke zaune. Kiwo yana faruwa daga Maris zuwa Disamba, tare da kololuwa a cikin Afrilu da Agusta-Satumba. Penguins ya narke kafin kiwo.
Yayin zafin nama, penguins suna kasancewa a kan ƙasa kuma suna fama da yunwa na kimanin makonni biyu. Daga nan sai su tafi teku don ciyarwa, sannan su dawo zuwa kiwo.
Humboldt penguins sun sami wuraren shakatawa na kariya daga tsananin hasken rana da masu lalata iska da ƙasa. Penguins galibi suna amfani da guano mai kauri tare da bakin teku, inda suke gida. A cikin ramuka, suna yin ƙwai kuma suna da cikakkiyar lafiya a ciki. Kwai daya ko biyu a kowane kama. Bayan an kwan kwan, namiji da mace suna da alhakin kasancewa a cikin gida yayin lokacin shiryawar. Da zarar kajin sun kyankyashe, iyayen sukan raba alhakin kula da zuriyar. Dole ne tsuntsaye manya su samar da wadataccen abinci a tazara mai dacewa don zuriya su rayu. Sabili da haka, akwai daidaituwa tsakanin gajeren motsi don ciyar da kajin da na dogon don aiki. Penguins suna gajarta, marasa zurfin zurfafa don ciyar da kajinsu da rana. Bayan narkewa, samfuran samari masu zaman kansu sun zama masu cin gashin kansu gaba ɗaya kuma suna zuwa cikin teku da kansu. Humboldt penguins suna rayuwa shekaru 15 zuwa 20.
Fasali na halayen Humboldt penguins.
Humboldt Penguins galibi yakan narke a cikin Janairu. Nazarin ya nuna cewa wannan aikin yana ƙarƙashin ikon kulawar hormones na lokaci guda, a wannan lokacin, homonin steroid na jima'i yana da ƙarancin taro. Narkakken yana da mahimmanci saboda sabbin fuka-fukai suna daɗa dumi sosai kuma suna hana ruwa fita.
Penguins suna saurin narkewa, cikin makonni biyu, sannan kawai zasu iya ciyarwa a cikin ruwa.
Humboldt penguins suna da matuƙar damuwa da kasancewar ɗan adam. An katse haifuwa a wuraren da masu yawon bude ido suka bayyana. Abin mamaki, hatta bugun penguins na Humboldt ya karu sosai tare da kasancewar mutum a nesa har zuwa mita 150, kuma yana ɗaukar mintuna 30 don dawo da bugun zuciya zuwa yadda yake.
Humboldt Penguins suna rayuwa a cikin manyan yankuna kuma tsuntsaye ne masu zaman kansu banda lokutan ciyarwa.
Penguins da ba su da gida suna da kyau a bincika wurare daban-daban kuma suna iyo kusa da mulkin mallaka don ciyarwa ba tare da dawowa na dogon lokaci ba.
Penguins da ke ciyar da kajinsu ba safai suke tafiya da daddare don ciyarwa ba kuma suna da ɗan lokaci kaɗan a cikin ruwa.
Kulawa ta tauraron dan adam, wanda ke lura da motsin penboins na Humboldt, ya sami tsuntsaye a tazarar kilomita 35 daga masarautar, kuma wasu mutane sun yi ninkaya har ma sun ci gaba da nisan kusan kilomita 100.
Waɗannan nisan suna ƙaruwa sosai lokacin da penguins suka bar wuraren zamansu suka tafi neman abinci, suna motsawa zuwa kilomita 895 daga bakin tekun. Wadannan sakamakon sun sabawa tunanin da aka yarda dashi a baya cewa Humboldt penguins galibi masu natsuwa ne kuma suna ciyarwa a wuri guda duk shekara.
Karatun da aka yi kwanan nan kan penguins din Humboldt ya nuna cewa wadannan tsuntsayen suna da saurin jin wari. Suna gano kajin su ta hanyar kamshi, haka nan kuma suna samun burbushinsu da daddare.
Penguins ba za su iya samun ganima a cikin yanayin ƙarancin haske ba. Amma suna iya gani daidai cikin iska da ruwa.
Humboldt penguin yana ciyarwa.
Humboldt Penguins sun kware kan ciyar da kifin mara dadi. A cikin yankunan arewacin kewayon, kusa da Chile, suna ciyarwa kusan ta musamman a kan kifin kifi, a tsakiyar yankin Chile suna kama manyan bishiyoyi, sardines da squids. Bambancin abun da ke cikin abincin an ƙaddara shi da halayen halayen wuraren ciyarwa. Bugu da kari, Humboldt penguins suna cinye ganyayyaki da atherina.
Matsayin kiyayewa na penboin Humboldt.
Penboins na Humboldt suna ba da gudummawa ga samuwar adadin guano, wanda shine albarkatun ƙasa don haɗuwa kuma yana samar da babban kuɗi ga gwamnatin Peru. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, penboins na Humboldt sun zama abin birgewa, amma waɗannan tsuntsayen suna da kunya kuma ba za su iya ɗaukar gaban mutane kusa da su ba. A cikin 2010, an kirkiro ƙa'idoji don rage matsalar rikice-rikice a lokacin kiwo, amma yayin ci gaba da ayyukan yawon buɗe ido a wasu lokuta.
Babban dalilan da ke haifar da raguwar al'ummomin Penguin na Humboldt sune kamun kifi da kuma bayyanar da mutum. Penguins galibi suna shiga cikin ragar kamun kifi kuma suna mutuwa, ban da haka, ci gaban kamun kifi yana rage samar da abinci. Girkan guano kuma yana shafar nasarar kiwo na penguins.
