Ttunƙarar baƙin-wutsi mai ƙarfi (Crotalus molossus), wanda kuma aka sani da raƙumi mai ƙeƙasasshen fata, nasa ne na ƙazamar ƙa'idar.
Rarraba narkar da baƙar fata.
Ana samun raƙuman raƙuman ruwa mai baƙar fata a Amurka a Tsakiya da Yammacin Texas, a yamma a kudancin rabin New Mexico, a Arewacin da Yammacin Arizona. Yana zaune a tsaunin Mesa del Sur da Oaxaca a Mexico, a tsibirin Tiburon da San Esteban da ke Tekun Kalifoniya.
Wurin zama na raƙumi mai baƙar fata.
Ttunƙun raƙuman ruwa masu baƙar fata sune nau'in macizai na duniya kuma suna mamaye savannahs, hamada da wuraren tsaunukan dutse. Hakanan ana samun su a tsawan mita 300 -3750 a cikin itacen oak da kuma gandun daji na boreal. Wannan nau'in ya fi son yankuna masu duwatsu masu zafi kamar bangon kankara ko ƙananan shinge a cikin kogo. A ƙasann tsaunuka, rattlesnakes masu launin baƙar fata suna rayuwa tsakanin bishiyun masquite a cikin wuraren kiwo da filaye. Mutanen da ke rayuwa a kan kwararar ruwan duhu galibi suna da launi a cikin launi fiye da macizan da ke zaune a ƙasa.
Alamomin waje na fatar bakin-wutsiyoyi.
Ttunƙarar baƙin-wutsiya kamar sauran igiyar ruwa, tana da ƙaramar wutsiya a ƙarshen wutsiyarsa. Launin fatar a cikin wannan jinsin ya kasance launuka daga zaitun-launin toka, kore-rawaya da rawaya mai haske zuwa launin ja-launin ruwan kasa da baki. Wutsiyar raƙuman raƙuman ruwa baƙi ne gabaɗaya. Hakanan yana ƙunshe da raɗaɗɗen duhu tsakanin idanu da madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar duwatsu wanda ke gudana daga ido zuwa kusurwar baki. Jerin zoben duhu a tsaye yana gangarowa tsawon jiki.
Mata yawanci sun fi maza girma da jela. Ana auna ma'aunin nauyi. Akwai rukuni guda huɗu da aka yarda da su na baƙar fata-C. jijiyar wuya.
Sake haifuwa daga feshin fatar baki.
A lokacin kiwo, maza daga cikin raƙuman ruwa masu haɗari suna gano mata ta hanyar amfani da pheromones. Ana yin jima'i a kan duwatsu ko kuma a cikin ƙananan ciyayi, sai kuma miji ya kasance tare da mace don kare ta daga wasu abokan aure.
Akwai bayanai kadan a kan halayyar haifuwa ta wannan nau'in. Ttunƙarar raƙuman raƙuman ruwa masu nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu ne masu ɗimbin yawa. Suna yawanci kiwo sau ɗaya a shekara a cikin bazara. Matasan macizai suna bayyana a watannin Yuli da Agusta. Sun kasance tare da mahaifiyarsu na aan awanni kaɗan, har zuwa iyakar yini. Yayin girma, samartaka masu baƙar fata suna zubar da fatarsu sau 2-4, duk lokacin da tsohuwar murfin ta canza, sabon sashi zai bayyana a wutsiyar ƙaramin. Lokacin da macizan suka zama manya, suma lokaci-lokaci suna yin nishi, amma kumburin yakan daina girma sai tsoffin sassan suka fara faduwa. Ttananan raƙuman raƙuman ruwa ba sa kula da zuriyarsu. Har yanzu ba a san shekarun da maza suka fara haihuwa ba. Matsakaicin rayuwar rattlesnakes mai ƙoshin baki shekaru 17.5 ne, a cikin fursuna shekaru 20.7 ne.
Halin ƙwanƙolin baƙin-wutsiya.
Ttunƙun raƙuman ruwa masu baƙar fata suna ɓoye a ɓoye a cikin watanni na hunturu masu sanyi ƙasa da matakin daskarewa a cikin ramuka ko dutsen dutse. Suna zama masu aiki lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya tashi. Rana ce ta bazara a lokacin bazara da kaka, amma sun canza zuwa halin dare a cikin watannin bazara saboda tsananin yanayin rana. Ttananan rattlesnakes suna motsawa a cikin motsi mai motsi a cikin raƙuman ruwa a kwance ko a madaidaiciya, dangane da yanayin farfajiyar da za a bi. Zasu iya hawa bishiyoyi zuwa tsayin mita 2.5-2.7 kuma suyi iyo da sauri cikin ruwa.
Ttananan raƙuman raƙuman ruwa sun fi son barci sama da ƙasa a cikin rassan bishiyoyi ko bishiyoyi. Bayan ruwan sama mai sanyi, yawanci sukan yi jifa a kan duwatsun.
Ttananan rattlesnakes suna amfani da harshensu, wanda shine sassan ƙanshi da dandano. Ana amfani da ramuka guda biyu, waɗanda suke a cikin yankin labial na gaba na kai, don gano zafin da yake fitowa daga farautar mai rai. Ikon gano zafi baya iyakance ayyukan yau da kullun na wannan nau'in macijin. Suna iya kewayawa daidai da dare ko cikin kogon duhu da rami. Lokacin fuskantar masu farauta, ana amfani da hanyoyi guda uku don tsoratar dasu. Na farko, rattlesnakes masu baƙar fata baƙaƙen wutsiya don tsoratar da maƙiyi. Idan hakan bai yi aiki ba, sai su yi kuwwa da ƙarfi kuma suna ta jin harsunansu da sauri ban da raɗaɗi. Hakanan, lokacin da mai farauta ya kusanto, suna yin taurin kai don su zama manya. Ttunƙun raƙuman ruwa masu ƙanƙanin duhu suna jin motsin girgizar ƙasa kaɗan kuma suna ƙayyade kusancin mai farauta ko ganima.
Ciyar da raƙuman ƙarƙashin fari.
Ttunƙarar raƙuman raƙuman ruwa masu farauta. Suna ciyar da kananan kadangaru, tsuntsaye, beraye, da sauran nau'ikan kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa. Lokacin farautar farauta, rattlesnakes masu baƙin baki suna amfani da gabobin da ke da zafi a kawunansu don gano zafi mai zafi da kuma fitar da harshensu don gano wari. Ana gudanar da ganimar a wurin ta wasu canines guda biyu masu ɓoye da aka ɓoye a gaban goshin babba. Bayan hancin ya ratsa jikin wanda aka azabtar, ana fitar da wata dafi mai guba daga gland a kowane gefen kai.
Ma'ana ga mutum.
Ana nuna raƙuman raƙuman ruwa masu launin fari a cikin gidan zoo da tarin masu zaman kansu. Ana amfani da dafin rattlesnakes a binciken kimiyya, wanda daga ciki suke samun maganin cizon wasu nau'ikan macizai.
Ana amfani da man maciji a cikin maganin jama'a a matsayin magani don rage kumburi, sauƙaƙa zafi daga rauni da rauni.
Ana amfani da fatar fatar kangon don yin kayayyakin fata kamar bel, walat, takalma da jaket. Ttananan rattlesnakes suna ciyar da beraye kuma suna sarrafa yawan bera waɗanda zasu iya lalata amfanin gona da ciyayi.
Irin wannan macijin, kamar sauran rattlesnakes, yakan cinye dabbobin gida da mutane. Kodayake dafin daɗaɗɗen ƙwayar raƙuman ruwa mai laushi mai sauƙi ta ƙa'idodi masu guba ga wasu dafin rattlesnake, zai iya haifar da guba, kuma mai yiwuwa mutuwar yara ƙanana ko tsofaffi. Guba tana haifar da zubar jini a lokuta da yawa, da bayyanar wasu alamun alamun cizon: edema, thrombocytopenia. Maganin da aka saba da shi don cin zarafin mutane shine gudanarwar antivenom.
Matsayi na kiyayewa daga ɓarkewar wutsiyoyi.
Ttunƙarar baƙin-wutsiya tana da matsayi na nau'in ƙananan damuwa. Koyaya, saboda rashin hankali wajan kashe macizai masu dafi, dole ne a dauki matakan tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali ga wannan nau'in.
