Shaho na Chile

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Shaho na Chile (Accipiter chilensis) na umarnin Falconiformes ne.

Alamomin waje na shaho na Chile

Shaho na Chile yana da girman 42 cm kuma yana da fiffika na 59 zuwa 85 cm.
Nauyin daga gram 260.

Shafin jirgin sama na wannan tsuntsu na farauta kwatankwacin Accipitriné ne, mai siririn jiki da siriri, dogaye, kafafu rawaya. Filayen manya tsuntsaye baƙi ne a saman, kirjin yana da toka-toka, ciki mai yalwar duhu. Wutsiya fari ne a ƙasan. Fuka-fukan sama na sama launin ruwan kasa ne da ratsi biyar ko shida. Iris rawaya ne. Namiji da mace yayi kama.

Yaran tsuntsaye suna da launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan hoda tare da hasken cream a ɓangaren sama.

Kirjin ya fi sauki, ciki mai dinbin yawa a tsaye. Wutsiyar mai launi ne a saman, yana mai da ratsiyoyin jelar ba a iya ganuwa. Shaho na Chile ya bambanta da irin wannan shaho mai launuka biyu a cikin rashi na mataki mai launi mai duhu da matsakaiciyar mataki a cikin launi na plumage, ƙari, gashinsa yana da jijiyoyi a ƙasa.

Mazaunin shaho na Chile

Shahorun Chile suna rayuwa galibi a cikin dazuzzuka masu yanayi mai kyau. Mafi sau da yawa ba sau da yawa, ana iya ganin su a cikin yankunan daji, wuraren shakatawa, gandun daji da suka haɗu, da shimfidar wurare masu faɗi. Don farauta, suna kuma ziyartar yankuna da ƙananan shrub, makiyaya da filayen noma. Sun bayyana, a matsayin mai ƙa'ida, tsakanin shimfidar wurare, tsarinsu an canza su sosai, wanda baya hana su ziyartar wuraren shakatawa da lambuna na gari lokaci-lokaci. Shahorun Chile suna buƙatar babban yanki na daji mai ƙarancin kadada 200.

A cikin yankuna dazuzzuka, masu farauta sun fi son zama a manyan yankuna tare da beech na kudu (Nothofagus). Suna jure tasirin anthropogenic da kyau. Ana samun shaho a Chile a cikin wuraren da tsofaffin tsofaffin bishiyoyi suka tsira. Hakanan suna godiya da wuraren da ƙananan bishiyoyi suka haɗu zuwa cikin kaurin gora mai yalwa. Suna kuma rayuwa ne a cikin gonakin itacen pine na mutum.

Shaho ya yaɗu

Shaholin Chile suna zaune a ƙarshen kudu na nahiyar Kudancin Amurka. Mazauninsu ya fadada zuwa yankunan Andes, wanda ya fara daga tsakiyar Chile da yammacin Argentina zuwa Tierra del Fuego. Wadannan tsuntsayen masu ganima daga matakin teku har zuwa mita 2700, amma ba sosai ba sama da mita 1000. A Argentina, iyakar rarraba arewa tana kusa da lardin Neuquen, a cikin Chile a yankin Valparaiso. Shaho na Chile nau'ikan halittu ne kuma ba ya yin rashi.

Fasali na halayen shaho na Chile

A rana, shahoran Chile suna son hawa kan rassan da ke cikin yankin su. Suna matsawa daga wani yanki zuwa wani a ƙananan mizani. A cikin yankuna inda tasirin tasirin ɗan adam yayi ƙarfi, suna kusantar gidajen mazauna, suna nuna taka tsantsan. Wadannan tsuntsayen ba sa cin amanar kasancewar su da siginar murya. Ana kafa nau'i-nau'i ne kawai a lokacin kiwo sannan kuma ya lalace. Ba a san ko wannan nau'in tsuntsayen suna da dangantaka ta dindindin tsakanin abokan zama a cikin yanayi masu yawa a jere ba, ko kuma sun wuce kaka ɗaya kawai, kajin ba zai ƙyanƙyashe ba. A lokacinda ake saduwa, maza suna yin jigilar jirgi. Dabarar da tafi birgewa ita ce ta zaba biyu wanda yayi kama da lamba takwas a tsaye.

Babu wanda ya san yadda hanyoyi daban-daban da shaho na Chile zai kama ganima.

Wannan mafarautan mai fuka-fukai yana nuna ƙwarewa da kyakkyawar motsi don kama kayan abincin sa yayin bin iska. Yana kama ƙwace manyan kwari waɗanda ke tashi a matsakaiciyar tsawo. A ƙarshe, shaho na Chile yana da haƙuri sosai kuma yana iya jira na dogon lokaci har sai wani wanda aka azabtar ya bayyana. Kodayake mace da namiji suna farautar dabbobi daban-daban, wani lokacin sukan yi kiwon tare a lokacin kiwo.

Kiwo na shaho na Chile

Yankunan Chilean sun yi kiwo a lokacin bazara a yankin kudu. Nau'i-nau'i suna fara samuwa daga tsakiyar Oktoba, kuma wannan aikin yana ci gaba kusan har zuwa ƙarshen shekara.

Gida gurbi ne na dandamali mai tsayi, tsawonsa ya banbanta daga santimita 50 zuwa 80 kuma nisa daga 50 zuwa 60 cm. Lokacin da aka gina shi, bai wuce zurfin santimita 25 ba. Idan anyi amfani da tsohuwar gida shekaru da yawa a jere, to kusan zurfinsa ya ninka. An gina wannan ƙananan tsarin ne ta busassun twayoyi da piecesa piecesan itace waɗanda ke da alaƙa da juna. Gida yawanci yakan kasance tsakanin mita 16 zuwa 20 sama da ƙasa, a cokali mai yatsa a cikin reshe daga gangar jikin saman babban itace. Yankunan Chilean sun fi so su yi sheƙa a kan beech na kudu. Wani lokaci ana sake amfani da gida sau da yawa a jere, amma gabaɗaya, tsuntsaye suna gina sabon gida kowace shekara.

Akwai ƙwai 2 ko 3 a cikin kama, kamar yadda lamarin yake tare da yawancin accipitridés.

Qwai sun banbanta launi daga fari zuwa launin toka mai haske. Shiryawa yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 21. Kiwo na kajin faruwa a watan Disamba. Chickananan yara suna bayyana bayan sabuwar shekara har zuwa Fabrairu. Tsuntsayen da suka manyanta suna kare yankinsu da ƙarfi daga dabbobin da ke yawo, gami da Buteo polyosoma. Lokacin da wannan mai farautar mai hatsari ya kusanci gida, sai kaji suna boye kawunansu.

Ba kamar sauran sauran dangi ba, inda kaji guda daya ne kawai ke rayuwa, Kurayen Chile suna ciyar da kajin 2 ko 3 ga shaho, wadanda ke rayuwa har sai sun bar gidan.

Ciyar shaho ta Chile

Yankunan Chilean suna ciyar da kusan tsuntsaye kawai, waɗanda suke da sama da kashi 97% na abincin. Sun fi son ƙananan tsuntsayen da ke rayuwa a cikin gandun daji, fiye da nau'ikan 30 ana ɗaukarsu a matsayin ganima. Hawungiyoyin shaho na Chile sun kuma farauta akan:

  • beraye,
  • dabbobi masu rarrafe,
  • kananan macizai.

Koyaya, masu farautar Chile sun fi son tsuntsayen daji waɗanda ke rayuwa kusa da saman duniya a cikin dazuzzuka. Ya danganta da yankin, abincinsu shine zinaren zinariya, farin fata mai ƙyalƙyali, da ƙarancin kudu.

Matsayin kiyayewa na shaho na Chile

Saboda yanayin sirrinsa da mazaunin gandun daji, ba a fahimci ilimin halittar shaho na Chile ba. Koyaya, sananne ne cewa wannan nau'in tsuntsayen masu cin nama ya zama gama gari a yankin Cape Horn. A cikin gandun dajin, wanda yake a wannan yankin, yawan tsuntsayen yakan kai ga mutane 4 a kowace murabba'in kilomita. A wasu wuraren zama, shaho na Chile ba shi da yawa. Kasancewar wannan nau'in tsuntsayen ya fi son mazaunin daji yana da matukar wahala a iya tantance hakikanin yawan mutane. An dauki shaho na Chile ba safai ba. IUCN yana bayar da kimanta daban, har yanzu yana la'akari da shaho na Chile ƙananan raƙuman shaho mai launin fata.

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Kalli bidiyon: Azerbaycan Ordusu Kelbecere Girdi (Nuwamba 2024).