Farin farin wutsiya mai hayaki (Elanus leucurus) na umarnin Falconiformes ne.
Alamomin waje na hayaki mai fari-da-wutsiya
Hawan fararen fata mai hayaƙi yana da girman kusan 43 cm kuma fikafikansa daga 100 zuwa 107 cm. nauyinsa ya kai gram 300-360.
Wannan karamin launin toka - fari mai fuka-fukai mai fuka-fukai, mai kama da fallon saboda karamin bakinsa, kan mai karfin wuta, in anjima da fikafikai da jela, gajerun kafafu Mace da namiji suna kama da juna a launin launi da girman jiki, mace ce kawai ta ɗan yi duhu kuma ta fi nauyi. Filayen manyan tsuntsayen da ke saman jiki galibi launin toka ne, ban da kafaɗu, waɗanda baƙi ne. Kasan gaba daya fari ne. Ana iya ganin ƙananan ƙananan launuka a kusa da idanuwa. Hular da wuya sun fi baya baya. Gabanta da fuskarsa farare ne. Wutsiyar launin toka-toka. Fuka-fukan jela suna da fari, ba a ganin su idan sun buɗe. Iris na ido ja-lemu ne.
Birdsananan tsuntsaye masu launin launi suna kama da iyayensu, amma suna da launi a cikin inuwar launin ruwan kasa mai launi iri ɗaya.
Raunuka masu launin ruwan kasa suna nan, kwalliyar da wuyansa farare ne. Baya da kafadu tare da farin bayanai. Duk gashin fuka-fukan fuka-fuki sun fi launin toka mai fari. Akwai ratsi mai duhu akan jela. Fuska da ƙasan jikin mutum farare ne tare da ɗanɗano na kirfa da kuma ɗigon ja a kirji, waɗanda suke bayyane a fili yayin tashi. Gashin fikafikan samari tsuntsaye sun bambanta da launi na layin manya zuwa na farkon, wanda ke faruwa tsakanin watanni 4 zuwa 6.
Iris shine launin ruwan kasa mai haske tare da rawaya mai launin rawaya.
Wurin zama na kifin fari mai-hayaki mai hayaƙi
Ana samun kites masu launin fari-girgije a kan filayen kiwon da ke kewaye da layuka na bishiyoyi waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin iska mai iska. Hakanan suna bayyana a cikin makiyaya, dausayi, tare da gefunan bishiyoyi suna girma. Suna zaune ne a cikin savannas mara ƙanƙanci tare da ƙaramin matsayi, a tsakanin manyan bishiyoyi tare da layuka na bishiyoyi tare da rafuka.
Ana iya ganin wannan nau'in tsuntsayen masu farauta a cikin makiyaya masu shuke-shuke, yankunan daji waɗanda ba su da nisa sosai daga gandun daji, yankuna da wuraren kore na birane da garuruwa, har ma da manyan biranen kamar Rio de Janeiro. Farin hayakin hayaki mai farin-ya faɗaɗa daga matakin teku zuwa mita 1500 a tsayi, amma ya fi son mita 1000. Koyaya, wasu tsuntsayen gida suna tsayawa har zuwa 2000 m, amma ana ganin wasu mutane a tsawan mita 4200 a cikin Peru.
Rarraba hayakin farin-wutsiya mai hayaki
Kite mai farin hayaki ɗan ƙasa ne na nahiyar Amurka. Suna gama gari ne a yamma da kudu maso gabashin Amurka, tare da gabar California zuwa Oregon da kuma gabar tekun Gulf zuwa Louisiana, Texas, da Mississippi. Mazaunin ya ci gaba a Amurka ta Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka.
A Amurka ta Tsakiya, kites mai hayaki mai hayaki ya mamaye yawancin Mexico da wasu ƙasashe, gami da Panama. A yankin Kudancin Amurka, mazaunin ya mamaye ƙasashe masu zuwa: Colombia, Venezuela, Guiana, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, arewacin Argentina zuwa kudancin Patagonia. A cikin ƙasashen Andean (Ecuador, Peru, yammacin Bolivia da arewacin Chile) bai bayyana ba. Recognizedungiyoyi biyu ana hukuma bisa hukuma:
- E. l. Leucurus yana zaune a yankin Kudancin Amurka ta arewa, aƙalla har zuwa Panama.
- E. majusculus ya bazu a cikin Amurka da Mexico, kuma ya kara kudu zuwa Costa Rica.
Fasali na halayyar hayaƙi mai fari-da-wutsiya
Itesunƙarar fata masu hayaƙi masu fari suna rayuwa ɗaya ɗaya ko kuma biyu-biyu, amma manyan ƙungiyoyi na iya taruwa a waje da lokacin nest ko kuma a wuraren da abinci ya wadata. Suna ƙirƙirar gungu waɗanda ke ƙunshe da dubun-dubata ko ɗaruruwan mutane. Ya faru cewa waɗannan tsuntsayen na farauta gida a cikin wani ƙaramin mallaka wanda ya ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i da yawa, yayin da nests suke a nesa da ɗari-ɗari mita daga juna.
A lokacin saduwar aure, kites masu hayaki masu hayaƙi masu farin-ruwa suna yin zirga-zirga madaidaiciya ɗaya ko biyu, suna ba da abinci ga abokin aikinsu a cikin iska. A farkon lokacin kiwo, maza sukan dauki mafi yawan lokacinsu a cikin itacen.
Wadannan tsuntsayen masu cin ganyayyaki suna zaman kashe wando, amma wani lokacin sukan yi yawo don neman yawan mutanen beraye.
Sake haifuwa da hayaki mai fari-da-wutsiya
Girman girgije mai fari da fari wanda ya tashi daga Maris zuwa Agusta a Amurka. Lokacin nest yana farawa a watan Janairu a California kuma yana farawa daga Nuwamba a Nuevo Leon a arewacin Mexico. Sun haɗu daga Disamba zuwa Yuni a Panama, Fabrairu zuwa Yuli a arewa maso yammacin Kudancin Amurka, Oktoba zuwa Yuli a Suriname, ƙarshen Agusta zuwa Disamba a kudancin Brazil, Satumba zuwa Maris a Argentina, da Satumba a Chile.
Tsuntsaye masu ganima suna gina ƙananan sheƙu a cikin sifar babban tasa na ofan itace masu auna awo 30 zuwa 50 a faɗi kuma zurfin 10 zuwa 20 cm.
A ciki akwai shimfidar ciyawa da sauran kayan shuka. Gida yana kan gefen bishiyar. Lokaci zuwa lokaci, fararan katun hayaƙi masu hayaƙi suna sharar tsofaffin gidajen da sauran tsuntsaye suka watsar, suna mai da su gaba ɗaya ko kuma gyara su kawai. Clutch ya ƙunshi ƙwai 3 - 5. Mace tana ɗaukar ciki na tsawon kwanaki 30 - 32. Kaji suna barin gida bayan 35, wani lokacin kwana 40. Itesanƙara masu farin hayaki mai hayaki na iya samun yara biyu a kowane yanayi.
Cin gajiyar gajimaren farin fari
Itesannin hayaƙi masu hayaƙi masu fari suna ciyar da yawancin beraye, kuma a lokacin farauta wasu beraye: gulbi da berayen auduga. A cikin yankuna na arewa, suna kuma amfani da ƙananan opossum, shrews da voles. Suna farautar ƙananan tsuntsaye, masu rarrafe, amphibians, manyan kwari. Masu farauta masu fuka-fukai sun hau kan abincinsu a tsayin mita 10 da 30 daga saman duniya. Suna tashi a hankali a kan yankinsu da farko, sa'annan kuma su hanzarta tashi kafin su fado kasa da kafafuwansu suna rawa. Wasu lokuta fararen fararen hayaƙi masu hayaƙi suna fadowa kan abincinsu daga tsayi, amma ba a amfani da wannan hanyar farauta sau da yawa. Yawancin ganima ana kama ta daga ƙasa, kawai wasu ƙananan tsuntsaye ne ke kamawa daga masu farauta yayin jirgin. Fararen fararen hayaƙi masu hayaƙin farauta galibi da safe da yamma.
Matsayin Kariya na Farin Farin Hayaki
Fararen hayakin hayaki mai fari-fari yana mamaye yanki mai rarraba kusan kilomita murabba'i 9,400,000. A cikin wannan babban yanki, akwai ɗan ƙara yawan lambobi. Wannan nau'in tsuntsaye na dabba kusan ya ɓace a Arewacin Amurka, amma sararin samaniyar da wannan nau'in ya ɓace ya faɗaɗa ta wata hanyar daban. A Amurka ta Tsakiya, adadin tsuntsaye ya karu. A Kudancin Amurka, kullun farin hayaki mai hayaki yana mallakar sabbin wurare tare da gandun daji. Adadin duka tsuntsaye ne dubu dari da yawa. Babbar barazanar da ke damun masu cutar ita ce magungunan kashe qwari da ake amfani da su wajen kula da amfanin gona.
