Yanzu akwai magana da yawa game da rikici da hauhawar farashi, suna da hankali, amma dole ne mutum ya tuna cewa ba da daɗewa ba babu irin waɗannan abubuwa kamar CO2, fitilu na musamman da matatun mai ƙarfi.
Kuma akwai ƙananan rafin ruwa na 50-100 lita kowannensu tare da kifi mai rai da sauƙi, galibi kawai tsire-tsire masu iyo ne. Mai sauƙi, mai araha, mai arha.
Ba na roƙonku da ku koma ga irin waɗannan abubuwa ba, amma ba zai cutar da ku ba game da kifi mai rai. Haka kuma, da yawa daga cikinsu masanan ruwa ne sun manta da su.
Idan kuka duba a cikin littattafan lokacin USSR akan kiyaye akwatin kifaye, a can zaku sami kifayen kifin kifaye masu rai, waɗanda ba a ma ambata su akan Intanet.
Kuma a cikin littafin Fotic Aquarium Fishes na William Innes (Innes Publishing Company, 1948), akwai nau'ikan 26 da aka lissafa!
Kwatanta da littattafan zamani waɗanda suka lissafa manyan abubuwa huɗu: mollies, guppies, takobi, kayan kwalliya da duka. Idan masanan ruwa sun kiyaye nau'ikan halittu da yawa tsawon shekaru 60, me yasa yanzu ya koma hudu?
Gaskiyar ita ce, waɗannan su ne mafi kyawun nau'ikan, tare da bambancin da yawa. Bugu da kari, masu daukar ruwa mai sauki daga dabi'a sau da yawa masanan ruwa suna kallon su azaman kifi mai sauki da mara rikitarwa, ya dace da masu farawa.
Bari muyi la'akari da wasu kifaye masu rai da aka manta dasu. Dukansu masu zaman lafiya ne, basa buƙatar ƙoƙari mai yawa don kiwo, canjin ruwa da digirin kimiyya a cikin ilimin sunadarai.
Kwararrun masanan ruwa zasu gano tsoffin abokai a tsakanin su, kuma masu farawa zasu san sabon kifi, wanda hakika kyakkyawan tsoho ne wanda aka manta dashi.
Girardinus metallicus
Girardinus metallicus, kamar yadda sunan yake, yana da ƙarfe a launi. Launi ya fito daga azurfa zuwa zinariya, ya danganta da haske, akwai kuma ratsi a tsaye a jiki, amma kusan ba a iya gani.
Maza suna da ɗigon baki a kan kai, makogwaro, da ƙoshin lafiya. Wasu lokuta suna haɗuwa, amma kowane kifi yana bayyana daban. Kamar yadda sau da yawa ke faruwa a cikin rayuwa, matan Girardinus sun fi na maza girma kuma sun kai 7 cm, yayin da maza suke 3-4 cm.
Girardinus metallicus kifi ne mai kayatarwa wanda zaiyi rayuwa mai ban al'ajabi a cikin akwatin akwatin kifaye da girman lita 40 ko sama da haka.
Ba shi da ma'ana, a dabi'ance suna rayuwa cikin ruwa mai ƙyalli, amma a cikin akwatin kifaye suna jurewa da sabo, ruwa mai matsakaici.
Ganin girman, maƙwabta don su suna buƙatar zaɓar a hankali. Cherry shrimps da neretina katantanwa, farfajiyoyi da ƙananan shaguna, tetras, iris da sauran kifin salama da invertebrates suna da kyau.
Idan kun yi bred daya daga cikin daidaitattun rayuwa, to ka'idodi iri ɗaya ne anan. Da farko dai, dole ne mata sun fi maza yawa, in ba haka ba za su kori mata ta yadda hakan zai haifar da damuwa.
Sannan kuna buƙatar shuke-shuke masu iyo, kamar su pistia. Zasu samar da tsari ga mata da soya. Kodayake girardinus metallicus baya farautar soyarsa, amma har yanzu yana iya cin kifi.
Kuma idan akwai tsire-tsire masu shawagi a farfajiya, abu ne mai sauƙin kamawa da soyayyen da ke ɓoye a inuwar su da safe.
Formosa (Tsarin Heterandria)
Baƙon abu ne ga waɗannan kifin cewa mata da maza suna kama da juna. Su azurfa ne, tare da yadudduka mai kauri baki yana gudana a tsakiyar jiki. Hakanan suna da tabo baƙi a ƙarshen wutsiya.
Don ƙayyade jima'i na tsari, dole ne mutum ya kalli fin na dubura, wanda a cikin maza yake samar da gonopodia. Wannan alama ce ta kowa ga duk mai rai, tare da taimakon gonopodium (kwatankwacin bututu), namiji yana jagorantar madara zuwa mace.
Formosas ƙananan kifi ne! Maza ba su wuce cm 2 ba, kuma mata masu tsayin 3 cm. Kodayake suna da salama sosai, irin wannan ƙaramin girman yana sanya takunkumi ga maƙwabta waɗanda za a iya ajiye Formose tare da su.
Idan kuna son akwatin kifaye, to ku zaɓi shrimp da banana shrimp, saboda suna buƙatar yanayi iri ɗaya. Yana da sanyi, ruwa mai wuya da shuke-shuke da yawa.
Additionaramar gishiri zai haifar da yanayin da ake buƙata don formoses, a zahiri suna rayuwa cikin ruwan kwalliya. Gishiri kuma yana da amfani ga cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, amma zaka iya yin sa ba tare da shi ba.
Ba kamar yawancin nau'ikan wurare masu zafi ba, Formosa wani nau'in yanki ne mai tsananin yanayi kuma yana son ruwa tare da yanayin zafi kusan 20C, mai ɗan sanyi a lokacin hunturu da ɗan dumi a lokacin rani.
Hakanan kuna buƙatar ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da sarari kyauta mai yawa. Kamar sauran masu motsa jiki, Formosa yana son abinci mai gauraya wanda ya ƙunshi tsire-tsire da abincin dabbobi.
Limia mai launin baki (Limia nigrofasciata)
Idan masanan ruwa sun raina kifin guda biyu da suka gabata, to liman basu lura dashi ba. Liman mai launin bakin-launi yana da azurfa, tare da ɗanɗano mai zuma, kuma maza suna da ratsiyoyi masu baƙar fata tare da shi, suna ba da sunan kifin.
Suna da sauƙin ɗaukarwa kamar platies, suna kama da girma da ɗabi'a, amma limias suna son ruwa mai ɗan dumi kadan. Zazzabi tsakanin 24 da 26 zai yi daidai.
Kamar kwalliya, suna son ƙananan raƙuman ruwa, amma sigogin ruwa na iya zama daban-daban, kodayake an fi so ruwa mai kauri da ɗan gishiri.
Suna rayuwa ne a cikin dumbun ruwa masu dumbin yawa, inda kwari da sauran abincin dabbobi suke cin karo da su kwatsam.
Mai matukar rayuwa, har ma fiye da sauran masu ɗaukar rayuwa. Kuna buƙatar kiyaye su aƙalla guda 6 a cikin akwatin kifaye, maza biyu da mata huɗu a kowace lita 50 na ruwa. Tsirrai masu shawagi zasu zama ƙari, yayin da suke ba da mafaka don ɗan juyayi da kifi mai kunya da kuma soyayyen tsari.
Iaasar limia mai baƙin ciki (Limia melanogaster)
Limia baki-mai-ciki ana sayar dashi wani lokacin kuma ana samun sa a cikin kasida. Bayyanar yanayi yana da matukar canzawa, amma mata yawanci launin toka ne mai launin toka mai launin shuɗi tare da tsakiyar jiki.
Maza suna kama, amma karami kuma suna da digon baki a kawunansu da fincinsu. Maza da mata suna da babban tabo a cikin cikinsu, wanda ya ba su suna.
Bugu da ƙari, suna kama da girma da halayya da platies. Maza sun kai tsawon 4 cm, mata sun fi girma kuma sun cika.
Kiwo ya kasance daidaitacce ga dukkan nau'ikan halittu masu rayar rai. Af, liman mai-baƙar fata na iya samar da haɗuwa tare da kayan kwalliya, don haka don kiyaye nau'in ya fi kyau a kiyaye nau'ikan jinsin viviparous a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Kyautar kyauta (Poecilia salvatoris)
An danganta kifin ga zafin nama, ba da dadewa ba aka fara rarrabe shi azaman daban-daban, kuma a yamma yana samun karuwa sosai.
Namiji da mace fararen azurfa ne masu sikeli mai kalar ruwan lemo da shuɗi, amma mace ɗan ƙaramar launi ce. Launin launi yana ƙaruwa a tsawon lokaci kuma mafi tsufa, maza masu rinjaye suna samun manyan fikafikai, jiragen ruwa masu haske, launuka masu ƙarfi.
Matsalar kawai ita ce, yawanci kifi mai rayarwa yana da nutsuwa sosai, amma salvatoris, akasin haka, yana son yanke fuka-fukai kuma yana da girma. Don haka, duk da kyawun sa, wannan kifin ba don farawa bane kuma ya fi kyau a ajiye shi daban.
A cikin ƙananan akwatinan ruwa, maza suna yaƙi ba fasawa, kuma ko da maza biyu ne kawai ke zaune a ciki, mai rauni zai buge shi har lahira.
Suna buƙatar a ajiye su cikin ƙungiyoyi inda mata biyu ne ga namiji ɗaya, ko kuma gaba ɗaya namiji da mata da yawa.
Kamar sauran kwalliya, wannan nau'in yawanci yana da shuke-shuke, kuma yana cin flakes tare da fiber. Matsakaicin girmansa kusan 7 cm, kuma matan sun fi na maza ƙanana sosai.
Tanki tan 100 zai wadatar ga rukunin maza uku da mata shida. Ya kamata a rufe akwatin kifaye kamar yadda kifi zai iya tsalle daga ciki.
Semi-barreled ja-baki (dermogenys spp.)
A cikin halittar Dermogenys akwai sama da dozin kamanni iri iri, galibinsu wadanda ke siyarwa suna karkashin sunan D. pusilla, amma a zahiri babu wanda ya banbanta su da juna.
Jikin jikin ya fara ne daga azurfa-fari zuwa mai-launin-toka, kuma maza na iya samun ja, rawaya, ko baƙi a fiskarsu.
Gaskiya ne, da gaske akwai bambanci daban-daban da yawa daga cikinsu, kuma ɗayan na iya zama mafi haske fiye da ɗayan.
Maza suna rikici da juna, amma ku guji faɗa a cikin babban akwatin kifaye. Ruwa na akwatin ruwa 80 ya isa ga maza uku da mata shida.
Rabin kifin na buƙatar nau'ikan abinci daban-daban, gami da rayuwa, shuka da abinci na wucin gadi.
A da, ana ganin rabin kifin bai dace da ajiye shi a cikin akwatin kifaye na yau da kullun ba, amma wannan ba gaskiya bane. Ee, zasu iya gasa da kifi yayin ciyarwa, amma za'a iya debo kifin kifi, acanthophthalmus da sauran kifin na ƙasa.
Af, suna tsalle sosai, don haka rufe akwatin kifaye!
Kiwo yayi kama da sauran masu motsa jiki, mace zata haihu bayan sati uku zuwa hudu bayan tayi aure. Soyayyan suna da girma, 4-5 mm, kuma suna iya cin flakes mai kyau, nauplii mai ɗanɗano, microworms har ma da daphnia ƙanana. Amma, sun kasance masu saukin kamuwa da rashin haihuwa lokacin da suka girma.
Masanan ruwa sun lura da cewa da farko mata sun haifi soya 20, sannan lambar ta ragu kuma gaba ɗaya ta ɓace. Zai fi kyau cewa ƙarni da yawa na dermogenis suna rayuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Ameca (Ameca sararin sama)
Duba matsala, tunda Ameks mai kyalli suna son yanke fincinsu. Bugu da ƙari, ba kifayen da ke da ƙoshin lilin ko waɗanda ke sannu a hankali ke faɗuwa ƙarƙashin rarrabawa ba, har ma sun sami damar bin hanyoyin!
Ana iya kiyaye Amek tare da sauran kifaye, amma dole ne ya zama jinsin sauri, kamar su sanduna ko ƙaya. Bayan gaskiyar cewa sun yanke fincinsu, mazan har yanzu ba sa jure wa juna.
Abin dariya ne cewa wannan halayyar ta fi yawa a cikin akwatin kifaye, a yanayi suna da haƙuri sosai.
To menene amfanin su? Abu ne mai sauƙi, waɗannan kyawawan kifi ne, masu ban sha'awa. Mata mata ne masu azurfa tare da ɗigon baki, maza launuka ne masu launin turquoise, tare da ƙyallen ƙarfe. Maza masu rinjaye sun fi wasu haske.
Mata suna haihuwa kusan 20 soya, babba, har zuwa 5 mm tsawo. Waɗannan soyayyen sun ɗan ƙanƙanta fiye da balagaggun 'yan matan da aka siyar a shagunan dabbobi!
Kifayen da suka manyanta ba su kula da soyarsu ba, don haka suka girma kuma suka kafa makarantu tare da iyayensu.
Gyarawa mai sauƙi ne, don limias kuna buƙatar akwatin kifaye na lita 120 ko sama da haka, tare da ruwa mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. Zazzabi don abun ciki daga 23 C.
Sun fi rayuwa cikin manyan kungiyoyi, inda mata biyu ne ga namiji ɗaya, kuma aƙalla maza maza 4 da kansu, don kauce wa faɗa.
Ciyar da hatsi mai yalwar fiber, amma sabo kayan lambu da tsire-tsire mai laushi tare da agwagwa zai taimaka wa waɗannan masu cin abincin su jira lokaci tsakanin abinci.
Af, a yanayi, limias sun kusan ɓacewa, saboda haka ku kiyaye yanayi kuma ku taimaki jinsunan su rayu.
Kammalawa
Wannan dan takaitaccen bayani ne game da kifi mai rai, wadanda basu shahara a yau. Abu ne mai sauki a ga cewa duk basu da ma'ana, masu ban sha'awa da ban mamaki.
Ko wanene kai, mai farawa neman gwada hannunka a cikin kifin mai wuya ko kuma masani aquarist, koyaushe akwai kifi mai rai don ɗanɗano.
