Jan-geophagus Tapajos (Ingilishi tapajos ja kai ko Geophagus sp. 'Orange head') kifi ne mai ɗan ƙarami da kwanciyar hankali idan aka kwatanta shi da sauran nau'ikan geophagus.
Sunan Geophagus: daga Girkanci geo, ma'anar ƙasa, da phagos, ma'anar 'shine'. Idan muka zana kwatancen tare da harshen Rashanci, to wannan mai cin ƙasa ne. Cikakken bayanin wadannan kifin.
Rayuwa a cikin yanayi
A karo na farko, masanan ruwa na Jamusanci (Christop Seidel da Rainer Harnoss) sun kama wani jan launi na geophagus a cikin Kogin Tapajos, a gabashin Brazil.
Siffar launi ta biyu, ta ɗan bambanta da launi, daga baya an gabatar da ita azaman G. sp. 'Shugaban lemu Araguaia', wanda ke zaune a cikin babban kwarin Kogin Tocantins.
Kogin Xingu yana gudana tsakanin Tapajos da Tocantins, wanda ya haifar da zaton cewa akwai wasu nau'ikan raƙuman ruwa a ciki.
Koyaya, a wannan lokacin, sananne ne tabbatacce cewa jan bakin yana da yawa kuma yana rayuwa a ƙasan Kogin Tapajos da raƙuman ruwarsa, Arapiuns da Tocantins.
Kogin Arapiuns hanya ce ta ruwan Amazon, wanda yake da ruwan baƙi, ƙarancin ma'adinai da ƙananan pH, da manyan tannins da tannins, waɗanda suke ba wa ruwa launi mai launi.
A cikin babban kwas ɗin, Tapajos ya ƙunshi abin da ake kira farin ruwa, tare da pH mai tsaka-tsaki, ƙarancin taurin, amma babban abun ciki na yumbu da ƙanƙara, yana ba shi farin launi.
A cikin lamuran guda biyu, wuraren da aka fi so na jan-geophagus yankuna ne kusa da bakin teku, tare da laka mai laushi ko ƙasa mai yashi. Dogaro da mazaunin, ana samun su a cikin tsawa, tsakanin duwatsu da kuma wurare masu yalwar ciyawar ruɓaɓɓu a ƙasan.
A wurin haduwar kogunan Tapajos da Arapiuns, an lura da jan wuta a cikin ruwa mai tsabta (ganuwa har zuwa mita 20), tare da matsakaiciyar igiyar ruwa da ƙasan da dutsen da ke gudu yake kwance, tare da dogayen harsunan yashi a tsakaninsu.
Akwai fewan tsire-tsire da tsummoki, ruwan ya zama tsaka tsaki, kuma kifin da ya balaga da jimawa yana ninkaya biyu-biyu, kuma matasa da samari da samari suna taruwa a makarantu har zuwa mutane 20.
Bayani
Geophaguses masu kai-tsaye sun kai girman 20-25 cm Babban bambancin, wanda suka samo sunan shi, jan wuri ne a kan kai.
Dorsal da caudal fins with red tint da turquoise ratsi.
Akwai raunuka da aka bayyana a tsaye tare da jiki, tabo a tsakiyar jiki.
Adana cikin akwatin kifaye
La'akari da cewa kifin yana rayuwa a cikin garken, kuma sun fi girma, to ana buƙatar akwatin kifaye na lita 400 ko fiye don kiyayewa.
Mafi mahimmancin ɓangaren kayan ado shine ƙasa. Ya kamata ya zama mai kyau, yakamata yashi kogi, wanda jan-kai da ke geophagus koyaushe yake haƙawa da sifta, yana amai ta cikin rafin.
Idan kasar ta fi girma, to sai su dauke ta a cikin bakinsu, sai kawai su tofar da shi, kuma koda hakane, idan ya isa kadan. Ba a kula da tsakuwa ba, yana ta ɓarna a tsakani.
Sauran kayan adon suna da damarku, amma biotope zai kasance na al'ada kuma yafi birgewa. Driftwood, echinodorus, manyan duwatsu masu zagaye.
Lightarƙashin haske, tsire-tsire masu shawagi a farfajiya da zaɓaɓɓiyar maƙwabta - ra'ayi zai zama cikakke.
Abune na irin waɗannan wuraren shine kasancewar yawan adadin ganyayyun da suka faɗi a ƙasan, amma a yanayin jan ido, da duk wani geophagus, wannan yana cike da gaskiyar cewa ragowar ganye zasu yi iyo a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma zasu toshe matatar da bututu.
Suna da buƙatun daidaitawa a cikin akwatin kifaye da canjin abubuwa a cikin sifofin ruwa, zai fi kyau a tafiyar dasu a cikin akwatin kifayen da aka riga aka daidaita.
Daga kaina, Na lura cewa na ƙaddamar da shi a cikin wani sabo, kifin ya rayu, amma ya kamu da rashin lafiya tare da semolina, wanda ke da wuya kuma ya daɗe da magani.
Ana buƙatar matatar waje mai cikakken iko da sauye-sauyen ruwa na yau da kullun, kuma tace inji yana da mahimmanci ga waje, in ba haka ba editocin da sauri zasu yi fadama.
- zazzabi 26 - 30 ° C
- pH: 4.5 - 7.5
- taurin 18 - 179 ppm
Ciyarwa
Benthophages suna ciyarwa ta siftin ƙasa da sirara ta cikin kwazazzabai, don haka cin ƙwarin da aka binne.
Cikin mutane da aka kama a cikin yanayi ya ƙunshi kwari iri-iri da tsire-tsire - iri, detritus.
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, matashin yana da mahimmanci ga geophagus. Suna haƙa ciki kuma suna neman abinci.
Sun jira ni a ƙasa a karon farko, tunda a da sun rayu a cikin akwatin kifaye daban-daban tare da jinkirin kifi. Amma, da sauri sun fahimci cewa tare da sikelin kuna buƙatar yin hamma kuma sun fara tashi zuwa saman ruwa na sama da na tsakiya lokacin ciyarwa.
Amma idan abincin ya faɗi a ƙasa, na fi so in ciyar daga ƙasa. Wannan a bayyane yake musamman idan aka ba da ƙananan ƙwayoyi. Garkuwa a zahiri suna tace wurin da suka faɗi.
Suna cin abinci mai rai, daskararre da na wucin gadi (idan har sun nitse). Ina cin komai, basa fama da rashin ci.
Yana da kyawawa sosai don ciyar da nau'ikan abinci, yayin da suke girma, canja wuri zuwa abincin shuka. Geophagus yana shan wahala sosai daga hexamitosis kuma tapajos ba banda bane. Kuma tare da ciyarwa iri-iri da lokacin ciyar da abincin shuke-shuke, damar samun rashin lafiya ya ragu.
Karfinsu
Tsoro, haɗuwa tare a cikin akwatin kifaye, lokaci zuwa lokaci maza suna shirya nuna ƙarfi, kodayake, ba tare da rauni da faɗa ba. Abun mamaki, jan kunne suna dacewa koda da na mara kyau ne, kar a taɓa kifin, idan ma tsayin milimita kaɗan ne.
Jerin kifaye masu jituwa zai kasance mara iyaka, amma an fi kiyaye shi da kifin da ke rayuwa a cikin Amazon - sikeli, corridors, small cichlids.
Sun zama masu rikici yayin haihuwa, suna kare gidansu.
Bambancin jima'i
Maza launuka ne masu haske, sun fi girma kuma suna da doguwar haske a ƙofar fatar. Wasu mutane na iya haifar da haɗarin kitse a goshinsu.
Kiwo
Jan geophagus mai jan kai a ƙasa, mace tana ɗaukar ƙwai a bakinta. Babu wasu yanayi na musamman don farkon haihuwar, ciyarwa mai kyau da tsabtace ruwa suna taka rawa, wanda ke buƙatar canzawa kowane mako.
Tunda yana da matukar wuya a banbanta mace da ta miji tun suna kanana, sai suka sayi garken tumaki, musamman ganin cewa kifin yana manne da juna kuma ya samar da nasu matsayin na daban.
Urtsaddamarwa ta ƙunshi kewaya a cikin mace, yaɗa gishiri da fika, da sauran lokutan al'ada. Don haɓaka, suna iya zaɓar duka tsawa ko dutse, da ƙasan akwatin kifaye.
An share wurin da aka zaɓa kuma an ƙara kiyaye shi daga kutse. Tsarin haihuwa ya kunshi gaskiyar cewa mace tana yin layin kwai, kuma namiji ya sa mata taki, ana maimaita aikin sau da yawa a cikin awanni da yawa.
Bayan haihuwa, macen za ta kasance kusa da ƙwai, ta kiyaye su, kuma namiji ya tsare yankin da ke nesa.
Bayan awanni 72, soyayyen zai ƙyanƙyashe, kuma mace nan da nan ta ɗauke shi a cikin bakin ta. Bayan an yi iyo da soya, an kula da zuriyar cikin rabi, amma komai ya dogara ne da na miji, wasu suna da hannu a baya, wasu kuma daga baya.
Wasu matan ma suna korar namiji kuma suna kula da soya shi kaɗai.
A wani yanayin, iyaye suna raba soya kuma suna musayar su akai-akai, irin waɗannan musanyar ana faruwa a wurare masu aminci.
Soya fara fara iyo a cikin kwanaki 8-11 kuma iyayen sun sake su don ciyarwa, a hankali suna ƙaruwa lokaci.
Idan akwai hatsari, sai su yi sigina da fincinsu kuma soyayyen nan take ya ɓace a cikin bakin. Suna kuma boye soya a bakinsu da dare.
Amma, yayin da suke girma, nisan da aka yaye masa soyayyar yana ƙaruwa, kuma a hankali suna barin iyayensu.
Ciyar da soya abu ne mai sauki, suna cin dunƙulen flakes, brine shrimp nauplii, microworms, da sauransu.
Idan yaduwar yanayi ya faru a cikin akwatin kifaye da aka raba, yana da kyau a cire mace zuwa akwatin kifaye na daban, saboda soya zai zama sauƙin ganima ga sauran wuraren zama.
