Xoloitzcuintle ko Kare mara gashi na Mexico

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Xoloitzcuintli ko Kare mara gashi na Mexico (Ingilishi mara gashi ko Xoloitzcuintli) ɗayan tsofaffin ƙwayoyin kare ne ba tare da gashi ba. Sun zo cikin tsari, ƙarami da girman haka. A cikin Rashanci, gajartaccen sunan ya makale - xolo ko sholo.

Abstracts

  • Karnuka marasa gashi na Meziko sun kai girma uku, don haka za su iya shiga kowane gida ko gida.
  • Sun zauna a Mesoamerica tun kafin zuwan Turawa.
  • A cikin zuriyar akwai arean kwikwiyo biyu da ulu ulu. Wannan halayyar al'ada ce ta al'ada.
  • Waɗannan karnukan abokan tafiya ne, amma suna da kyakkyawan aiki na kiyaye ayyukan.
  • Saboda rashin gashi, fatar Xolo tana da zafi fiye da sauran karnukan. Amma, yanayin zafinsu iri daya ne.
  • Akwai kusan Xolos 30,000 a cikin duniya kuma 11,000 daga cikinsu suna zaune a cikin Amurka. A cikin Rasha da ƙasashen CIS, suna da wakilci sosai kuma suna da yan koyo da yawa.
  • Ba nau'in hypoallergenic bane, kodayake rashin gashi yana rage haɗarin rashin lafiyar.

Tarihin irin

Lokaci-lokaci, a kusan kowane nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa, ana haihuwar mutane da ɗayan ko wata ɓacewa a cikin rigar. Wannan shine ɗayan maye gurbi mafi yawa a duniya. Irin waɗannan maye gurbi ba safai ake gyara su ba, amma a cikin Xoloitzcuintle ya daidaita, a bayyane yake, ba tare da taimakon ɗan adam ba.

Karnuka marasa gashi sun fi dacewa da yanayin zafi kuma suna fama da ƙarancin fleas, cakulkuli da ƙwayoyin cuta, amma a batun Xolo, imanin tsoffin Indiyawa sun taka muhimmiyar rawa. Kafin zuwan Turawa, ya bunkasa a Mesoamerica: Mexico, Amurka ta Tsakiya, da kuma arewacin tekun Kudancin Amurka.

Indiyawan sun gaskata cewa waɗannan karnukan sune jagororin lahira ga masu su. Saboda haka, an kashe su kuma an binne su tare da su, ko kuma sun binne gumakan da aka yi da yumbu, wannan aikin ya bayyana aƙalla shekaru 3,700 da suka gabata kuma ana samun wuraren binnewa da kwarangwal na kare a yankuna tara na Amurka.

Sunan Xoloitzcuintli (ko Sholoitzcuintli) ya fito ne daga haɗin kalmomin Aztec guda biyu: daga sunan allah Xolotl “Sholotl” da kalmar itzcuīntli, “kare ko kwikwiyo”.

Aztec sun yi imani da cewa kare yanayin Allah ne wanda ke jagorantar ran mamaci ta duniyar matattu. Don kammala wannan hanyar cikin nasara, kuna buƙatar taimakon Xolo.

Yawancin lokaci ana binne siffofin karnukan tare da gawar, amma wani lokacin ana binne karen tare da mai ita. An samo karnuka da yumbu cike da yumbu a cikin kabarin Toltecs, Aztecs, Zapotec wayewa; wasu daga cikin wadannan kaburburan sun wuce shekaru 3000.

Sun kuma yi imani cewa Xoloitzcuintle ya mallaki ikon allahntaka kuma zai iya warkar da cututtuka. An yi amannar cewa za su iya warkar da cutar rheumatism, idan kare ya yi barci da daddare a kan ciwon haɗin gwiwa, cutar za ta wuce zuwa gare shi. Wannan mai yiwuwa ne saboda fatar da ke da zafi, wacce ke dumama raunin da rage zafi.

Bugu da ƙari, wannan ɗaukaka har yanzu tana raye a yau, musamman a ƙauyuka masu nisa, inda mazauna karkara ke da ƙarfin ikon Xolo don magance rheumatism, asma, haƙori da kuma tsare gidan daga mugayen ruhohi.

Mazaunan Mesoamerica sun kiyaye karnukan da ba su da gashi a matsayin dabbobi na al'ada, na magani da na tsaro, amma kuma suna da daɗi. Tsakanin 2000 BC da 1519 AD, kabilun Mesoamerican (wadanda suka hada da Maya, Aztec, Toltecs, Mishtecs, Totonaki, da sauransu) sun dauki karnuka a matsayin babban tushen sunadarin su.

Sun yi aiki ko dai a matsayin faya-fayen dumama ko na abincin dare ... A cewar shaidar masu cin nasara a Sifen, Aztec sun yi amfani da resin turpentine don cire gashi daga aladun guinea; an kuma shafawa wasu karnukan domin suma su zube. Amma abincin da aka fi so shi ne Xolo tsirara.

Indiyawa sun ɗauki wannan naman a matsayin abinci mai daɗi kuma suna amfani da shi wajen tsafi. Cin naman kare ya taimaka wajen kawar da wahala, mafarkai marasa kyau da tasirin mugaye. Bugu da kari, sun yi imanin cewa yana haɓaka ƙarfi.

Hernán Cortez, shugaban masu mulkin mallaka na Sifen, ya bayyana yadda ake siye a kasuwa da kuma dandanon naman kare. Mutanen Turai ne, tare da ƙoshin abinci na nama da ikon iya tsinke shi don amfanin nan gaba, wanda kusan ya shafe Scholoitzcuintle a ƙarshen 1500s.

Bugu da kari, sun sayar da su a duk duniya kuma sun tsallaka su da karnukan Turai. Duk da wannan kisan gillar, Xolos da yawa sun sami damar rayuwa a ƙauyukan tsaunuka masu nisa na Mexico.


Turawan mulkin mallaka sun mallaki Mesoamerica, suna dankara imaninsu da al'adunsu ga mazauna yankin. Bautar gumaka ta ƙare da amfani da karnuka don abinci, alamomin arna an hallaka su.

Sha'awar wannan nau'in ya girma bayan juyin juya halin 1930, lokacin da guguwar kishin ƙasa ta mamaye ƙasar, amma ya kasance ba safai ba.

Norman Pelem Wright, masanin halitta kuma marubucin littafin "The Riddle of the Xolo" ya rubuta cewa a karo na farko karnuka sun bayyana a baje kolin bayan 1940, an dauke su tsohon zuriya ne, amma ba su tayar da sha'awa ba, tunda babu wani ingantaccen bayani kuma abin dogaro.

A halin yanzu a cikin Amurka, a ƙarƙashin sunan Dog mara gashi na Mexico, Xolos an yi masa rajista tare da AKC a cikin 1887. Amma, nau'in ya kasance ba safai ba kuma ba a sani ba cewa a cikin Afrilu 1959 an cire shi daga littattafan garken. Har yanzu kuma, sun fuskanci barazanar bacewa.

Godiya kawai ga ƙoƙarin ƙaramin rukunin masu son koyo, bai ɓace gaba ɗaya ba. Tawagar ta binciki kauyukan tsaunuka masu nisa a yankin Rio Balsas da kudancin Guerrero inda aka samu karnuka masu yawa tsakanin 1954 da 1956.

Fashion ya taimaka ma, bayyanar hotunan karnuka a cikin shahararrun mujallu, a hannun taurari. Shahararrun masu zane-zane na Mexico, Frida Kahlo da Diego Rivera, sun yi kiwo Scholoitzcuintles kuma an nuna su a cikin zane-zanensu.

Bayanin irin

Xoloitzcuintle na iya zama masu girma uku: abun wasa, ƙarami, daidaitacce. A cikin Meziko, an raba su zuwa ƙarami, matsakaici, daidaitacce.

  • Matsakaicin ma'auni: daga 46 zuwa 55 cm nauyi 11-18 kg.
  • Matsakaicin girman: daga 36 zuwa 45 cm Nauyin 6.8-14 kg.
  • Sizearami kaɗan: daga 25 zuwa 35 cm nauyi 2.3-6.8 kg.

Dangane da gashi, an raba su zuwa zaɓi biyu: tsirara da ulu. A zahiri, wasu marasa gashi suma suna da gashi, ƙaramin ɗan gajeren gashi a saman kai, ƙafafu da jela. Fatarsu na roba ne, mai santsi, mai taushi.

Wrinkle a fuska an yarda da shi, amma ba a jiki ba. A cikin rigunan Xolo, yayi kama da na Doberman: gajere, mai santsi da tsabta. Ba a ba da izinin dogon, curly ko wavy gashi. Karnuka marasa gashi suna da ƙaƙƙarfan, launi mai launi na fata, launuka masu duhu. Farar fata da alamu suna karɓa.

Babban jigon da ke da alhakin rashin gashi ya nuna kansa dubunnan shekaru da suka gabata. Kwayar halittar ba ta rabuwa da wanda ke da iko kuma an haifi ppan kwikwiyo tare da ulu a cikin shara. An lullubesu da gajere, gashi mai kauri kuma suna wakiltar asalin kare, kafin rikidar rikirkitawar rashin gashi.

Kwayar halittar rashin gashi kuma tana shafar tsarin haƙoran kare. Kamar Can China, Xolo mara gashi yana da hakora mafi muni fiye da marasa gashi.

Wataƙila ba su da wani ɓangare na premolars; an zaɓi cikakken saitin abubuwan haɓaka amma ba a buƙata ba. Xoloitzcuintle dole ne ya sami cikakken saitin haƙoran riga.

Kokon kai yana da fadi, bakin bakin ciki ya fi kwanya tsayi, muƙamuƙi suna da ƙarfi. Hanci baki ne ko launin fata. Lokacin da kare ya ji haushi, kunnuwansa za su hau sama kuma wrinklewa suna bayyana a fuskarsa, suna ba shi kyakkyawan tunani.

Idanu masu kamannin almond ne; an fi son launuka masu duhu, amma launuka masu haske karɓaɓɓu ne. Kunnuwa manya ne, tsayayyu, tare da tsari mai kyau, mai taushi da kuma zagaye zagaye. An hana yin amfanin da kunne

Hali

Scholoitzcuintle abokin kare ne kuma ya kasance haka tun farkon tarihinta. Hakanan ana amfani dasu a cikin maganin, kamar yadda suke cikin natsuwa, masu sauraro, masu nutsuwa.

Labari na cewa suna kare gida daga mugayen ruhohi kuma mutane suna da tushe.

Aƙalla a cikin ɓangaren game da mutane. Xolo masu tsaro ne masu kyau, suna faɗakar da ma'abota bayyanar baƙo. Kuma suna yin hakan ta hanyar asali, ba tare da haushi mai ƙarfi ko halayyar aiki ba.

Dangane da danginsu da 'ya'yansu, suna zama tare da sauran dabbobi, amma a dabi'ance ba su da aminci ga baƙi. Domin Xolo ta girma cikin mutunci, dole ne duk familyan uwanta su shiga cikin rainon ta. Idan mutum daya ko biyu suka kula da ita, to za ta fi zama kusa da su.

Sun shaƙu da maigidan, suna ƙoƙari su bi shi ko'ina, suna farin ciki idan sun kusa.

Wannan sha'awar kasancewa koyaushe kusa da mai shi da kuma shiga kowane bangare na rayuwarsa yana sanya su ɗan shiga ciki. Yi ƙoƙari ka ɗauki su a duk lokacin da zai yiwu, za su yi farin ciki da shi.

Shin kun yanke shawarar siyan Xoloitzcuintle? Yi tsammanin puan kwikwiyo ɗinku ya zama cibiyar gidanku. Suna buƙatar sadarwa da yawa, horo da ilimi.

Koyaya, suna koyo cikin sauki, gami da saurin shiga banɗaki. Amma, suna buƙatar tsayayyen hannu. Kula da kwikwiyo kamar ɗan adam na iya haifar da matsalolin halayya daga baya.

An kwikwiyo suna buƙatar kulawa da yawa da wasa don su kasance cikin farin ciki. Idan a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwarsu ba zaku sami isasshen lokacin yin magana da su ba, to ya fi kyau ku sami karnuka biyu a cikin gidan.

Xolo nau'in aiki ne kuma ya fi dacewa da irin waɗannan iyalai. Wannan gaskiya ne ga kwikwiyo, yayin da karnukan manya ke zama masu nutsuwa, masu nutsuwa, amma har yanzu suna buƙatar aiki. Ba su kamanta da masu tsoro ko karnukan kiwo, amma tafiya ta yau da kullun dole ce a gare su. Izinin yanayi (ba zafi sosai ba, amma ba mai sanyi sosai ba), bari su shiga rana.

Ba lallai ba ne a faɗi, ba su dace da shinge ko kiyaye sarƙa ba. Kuma saboda ba za su iya rayuwa ba tare da mutane ba kuma saboda ba za su iya tsayawa can canjin yanayi ba.

Kulawa

Duk bambancin jinsin yana buƙatar kulawa kaɗan. Kamar sauran karnukan, Wool Xolo yana buƙatar goga da wanki na yau da kullun. Idan kun goga shi sau biyu a mako, to kusan babu ulu a gidan. Duk bambancin biyu yana buƙatar goge mako-mako da yankewa.

Mutane tsirara suna buƙatar kulawa ta fata, amma yawancin matsalolin fata sakamakon rashin kyakkyawan zaɓi ne, kulawa, ko wanka sau da yawa, wanda ke fatar fatar mai kariya.

Ba tare da la'akari da launin fata ba, suna buƙatar kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye kamar mutane.

Suna samun kunar rana a jiki a sauƙaƙe, musamman waɗanda suke da tabo fari. Kafin ka tafi yawo, zai fi kyau ka kula da fatarka da cream mai kariya.

Ka tuna cewa wanka sau da yawa zai wanke layin kariya na halitta daga fata kuma zai fara wahala. Idan kanaso, kawai goge karen da mayafin wanka da ruwan dumi.

Lafiya

Xolos ya samu kwatsam kuma ya inganta ta zabin yanayi a cikin dubunnan shekaru. Ba su da saukin kamuwa da cututtukan kwayoyin halitta fiye da nau'ikan da aka haifa saboda kokarin ɗan adam.

A dabi'a, ƙuntatawa ga nau'in ta yankuna masu canjin yanayi, tunda an rarrabe ƙasarsu da babban zafin jiki da zafi. A cikin yanayin sanyi, ana buƙatar tufafi masu ɗumi, a yanayin sanyi yana da kyau kada a ɗauki kare a waje.

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