Mutum kambin halitta ne, babu wanda yayi jayayya da wannan, amma a lokaci guda, mutane, kamar babu sauran wakilan dabbobi, suna aiwatar da tasirin da ba za a iya magance shi ba ga mahalli. Bugu da ƙari, aikin ɗan adam a mafi yawan lokuta mummunan abu ne kawai, masifa. Tasiri ne na ɗan adam akan ɗabi'a wanda yawanci ana kiran sa factor anthropogenic.
Matsalolin da ke tattare da tasirin tasirin anthropogenic
Cigaban rayuwar ɗan adam da ci gaban sa yana kawo sabbin canje-canje ga duniya. Saboda muhimmin aikin da ke tattare da rayuwar ɗan adam, duniyar tamu tana ci gaba da fuskantar masifa ta muhalli. Dumamar yanayi, ramuka na ozone, bacewar yawancin dabbobin da bacewar tsirrai galibi suna da alaƙa daidai da tasirin tasirin ɗan adam. A cewar masana kimiyya, saboda ci gaba da karuwar jama'a, cikin lokaci, sakamakon ayyukan mutane zai kara shafar kasashen da ke kewaye da su kuma idan ba a dauki matakan da suka dace ba, Homo sapiens ne ke iya zama sanadin mutuwar dukkan rayuwa a doron kasa.
Rarraba abubuwan dalilai na anthropogenic
A cikin rayuwarsa, mutum da gangan, ko kuma ba da gangan ba, a koyaushe, ta wata hanyar, wata hanya, ta shiga cikin duniyar da ke kewaye da shi. Dukkan nau'ikan irin wannan tsangwama sun kasu kashi zuwa abubuwan halayyar anthropogenic masu tasiri:
- kaikaitacce;
- madaidaiciya;
- hadaddun
Abubuwan da ke haifar da tasiri sune ayyukan ɗan adam na ɗan gajeren lokaci waɗanda zasu iya shafar yanayi. Wannan na iya hada da sare dazuzzuka don gina hanyoyin sufuri, bushewar rafuka da tabkuna, ambaliyar filayen kasa guda domin gina tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa, da sauransu.
Abubuwan da ba kai tsaye ba sune maganganun da suka fi tsayi, amma cutarwarsu ba ta cika gani kuma ana jin su ne kawai a kan lokaci: ci gaban masana'antu da hayaƙin da ke tafe, radiation, ƙazantar ƙasa da ruwa.
Abubuwan da ke tattare da hadadden abu ne wadanda suka hada abubuwa biyu na farko wadanda a dunkule suke da mummunan tasiri ga muhalli. Misali: sauyin yanayi da fadada birane suna haifar da bacewar yawancin dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Rukuni na abubuwan anthropogenic
Hakanan, kowane tasirin lokaci mai tsawo ko gajere na mutane akan yanayin kewaye za'a iya raba shi zuwa rukunan masu zuwa:
- jiki:
- nazarin halittu;
- zamantakewa.
Abubuwa na zahiri da ke tattare da ci gaban kera motoci, aikin jirgi, jigilar jiragen kasa, shuke-shuke da makamashin nukiliya, roket da zirga-zirgar sararin samaniya na haifar da girgiza doron kasa, wanda ba za a iya nuna shi ba a cikin dabbobin da ke kewaye da shi.
Abubuwan ilimin halittu sune cigaban aikin noma, gyaruwar nau'ikan shuke-shuke da inganta halittar dabbobi, kiwo da sabbin nau'ikan halittu, a lokaci guda, fitowar sabbin nau'o'in kwayoyin cuta da cututtuka waɗanda zasu iya shafar mummunan fure ko fauna.
Abubuwan zamantakewa - alaƙa tsakanin jinsi: tasirin mutane akan juna da kuma duniya gabaɗaya. Wannan ya hada da yawan jama'a, yaƙe-yaƙe, siyasa.
Hanyoyin warware matsaloli masu tasowa
A wannan matakin ci gabanta, ɗan adam yana ƙara yin tunani game da mummunan tasirin ayyukanta akan yanayi da barazanar da ke tattare da shi. Tuni yanzu, ana fara daukar matakan farko don magance matsalolin da suka taso: sauyawa zuwa wasu nau'ikan makamashi, ƙirƙirar tanadi, zubar da kayayyakin ɓarnata, warware rikice-rikice ta hanyar lumana. Amma dukkanin matakan da muka ambata suna da kankantar gaske don wani sakamako da ake iya gani, don haka dole ne mutane su sake yin tunani game da dabi'unsu da yanayin duniya da nemo sabbin hanyoyin magance matsalolin da tuni suka taso yayin gudanar da ayyukan dan adam da kuma hana mummunan tasirinsu a nan gaba.
