A cikin Belarus, yanayin muhalli ba shi da wahala kamar sauran ƙasashe na duniya, tun da yake tattalin arziƙin nan yana haɓaka daidai kuma ba shi da wani mummunan tasiri ga mahalli. Koyaya, har yanzu akwai wasu matsaloli game da yanayin yanayin rayuwa a cikin ƙasar.
Matsalolin muhalli na Belarus
Matsalar gurɓataccen iska
Daya daga cikin matsalolin muhalli mafi girma a cikin ƙasar shine gurɓataccen gurɓataccen iska, wanda ya mamaye babban yanki. Waɗannan yankuna ne masu yawan gaske, yanki ne na gandun daji da ƙasar noma. Ana daukar matakai daban-daban don rage gurbatar yanayi, kamar sa ido kan yanayin ruwa, abinci da katako. Ana gurɓatar da wasu wuraren zamantakewar kuma ana sake gurɓata wuraren da ya gurɓata. Zubar da abubuwa masu iska da sharar gida shima ana aiwatar dashi.
Matsalar gurbatar iska
Shayewar iskar gas daga ababen hawa da hayakin masana'antun na ba da gudummawa ga mahimmancin gurɓatar iska. A cikin shekarun 2000, an samu ƙaruwar samarwa da ƙaruwar hayaƙi, amma kwanan nan, yayin da tattalin arziƙin ke ƙaruwa, adadin hayaki mai illa yana ta raguwa.
Gabaɗaya, ana fitar da mahadi da abubuwa masu zuwa cikin sararin samaniya:
- carbon dioxide;
- carbon oxides;
- formaldehyde;
- nitrogen dioxide;
- hydrocarbons;
- ammoniya
Lokacin da mutane da dabbobi ke shaƙar iska da sinadarai tare da iska, hakan yakan haifar da cututtuka na tsarin numfashi. Bayan abubuwan sun narke a cikin iska, ruwan sama na acid na iya faruwa. Yanayi mafi munin yanayi shine a Mogilev, kuma matsakaita yana cikin Brest, Rechitsa, Gomel, Pinsk, Orsha da Vitebsk.
Gurɓatar Hydrosphere
Yanayin ruwa a cikin tabkuna da kogunan kasar yana da gurɓatacciyar hanya. Don amfanin gida da aikin gona, ana amfani da ƙarancin albarkatun ruwa ƙasa, yayin da a cikin masana'antar masana'antu amfani da ruwa ke ƙaruwa. Lokacin da ruwan gurbataccen masana'antu ya shiga cikin jikin ruwa, ana gurɓata ruwan da waɗannan abubuwa masu zuwa:
- manganese;
- tagulla;
- baƙin ƙarfe;
- kayayyakin mai;
- tutiya;
- nitrogen.
Yanayin ruwa a cikin koguna ya bambanta. Don haka, yankuna masu tsafta sune Yammacin Dvina da Neman, gami da wasu yankuna na masarufi. Ana ɗaukar Kogin Pripyat mai tsabta. Kwayar Yammacin Turai ta ƙazantu ta matsakaici, kuma raƙuman ruwanta suna da nau'ikan matakan gurɓatatawa. Ruwan Dnieper a ƙananan ƙananan ƙazantattu ne, kuma a saman saman suna da tsabta. Yanayi mafi mawuyacin hali ya ci gaba a yankin ruwa na Kogin Svisloch.
Fitarwa
Kawai manyan matsalolin muhalli na Belarus ne aka lissafa, amma ban da su, akwai ƙananan ƙananan mahimmanci. Don kiyaye yanayin ƙasar, mutane na buƙatar yin canje-canje a cikin tattalin arziƙi da amfani da fasahohin da ba su da mahalli.
