Yankin Chelyabinsk yana kan yankin Tarayyar Rasha, kuma garin tsakiyar shine Chelyabinsk. Yankin ya yi fice ba kawai don ci gaban masana'antu ba, har ma ga manyan matsalolin muhalli.
Gurbataccen gurɓataccen yanayi
Babban masana'antu a cikin yankin Chelyabinsk. Ana la'akari da aikin karafa, kuma duk masana'antun wannan yanki sune tushen gurbatar yanayi. Yanayi da duniya sun gurɓata da ƙarfe masu nauyi:
- sinadarin mercury;
- jagoranci;
- manganese;
- Chrome;
- benzopyrene.
Nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, soot da sauran wasu abubuwa masu guba sun shiga cikin iska.
A waɗancan wuraren da ake haƙa ma'adanai, wuraren da aka watsar da duwatsu suka kasance, kuma ana samun ɓoyayyun abubuwa a cikin ƙasa, wanda ke haifar da motsa ƙasa, ƙasƙanci da lalata ƙasa. Ana zubar da ruwan sha na gari da na masana'antu a cikin ruwayen yankin. Saboda wannan, phosphates da kayayyakin mai, ammonia da nitrates, da kuma ƙarfe masu nauyi suna shiga cikin ruwa.
Matsalar datti da shara
Daya daga cikin matsalolin gaggawa na yankin Chelyabinsk tsawon shekaru da yawa shine zubar da sarrafa iri iri iri. A cikin 1970, an rufe maɓallin shara don ƙazantar sharar gida, kuma babu wasu hanyoyi da suka bayyana, kazalika da sabbin wuraren zubar da shara. Don haka, duk wuraren sharar da aka yi amfani da su a halin yanzu haramtattu ne, amma ana buƙatar tura datti zuwa wani wuri.
Matsalolin masana'antar nukiliya
Akwai masana'antun masana'antar nukiliya da yawa a yankin Chelyabinsk, kuma mafi girma daga cikinsu shine Mayak. A waɗannan wuraren, ana nazarin abubuwa daga masana'antar nukiliya kuma ana gwada su, kuma ana amfani da sarrafa man fetur na nukiliya. Hakanan ana kera na'urori daban-daban na wannan yankin a nan. Fasahohin da dabarun da aka yi amfani da su na haifar da babban haɗari ga yanayin yanayin rayuwa. A sakamakon haka, abubuwan sinadarin rediyo ke shiga cikin yanayi. Kari kan hakan, kananan lamuran lokaci-lokaci na faruwa, kuma wani lokacin manyan hadurra a kamfanoni, misali, a cikin 1957 an sami fashewa.
Birane mafi ƙazanta a yankin sune ƙauyuka masu zuwa:
- Chelyabinsk;
- Magnitogorsk;
- Karabash.
Wadannan ba duk matsalolin matsalolin muhalli bane na yankin Chelyabinsk. Don inganta yanayin mahalli, ya zama dole a aiwatar da canje-canje masu yawa a cikin tattalin arziki, amfani da wasu hanyoyin samar da makamashi, rage amfani da ababen hawa da amfani da fasahohin da ba su dace da muhalli ba.
