A cikin duniyar zamani, buƙatar mutane suyi amfani da albarkatun makamashi yana ƙaruwa. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da nau'ikan hanyoyin tushen masana'antar makamashi:
- burbushin halittu - kwal, gas;
- ruwa;
- kwayar zarra
Ana juya makamashin Atom da makamashin ruwa zuwa wutar lantarki, wanda aka samar wa jama'a don tallafin rayuwar mazauna. A wannan yanayin, ana sakin kayayyakin konewa cikin sararin samaniya, wanda ke kara dagula yanayin halittar yankin.
Ta yaya makamashi ke shafar mahalli?
Gaba ɗaya, masana'antar makamashi tana da tasiri mai tasiri akan tattalin arziƙi. Game da mahalli, kuzari yana da mummunan tasiri akansa:
- yana taimakawa ga canjin yanayi;
- akwai canji a tsarin tafiyar da ruwa na koguna;
- gurbatar ruwan Tekun Duniya ta hanyar sinadarai;
- rinjayar bayyanar ruwan sama na acid;
- yanayi ya gurbata da iskar gas, kura, hayaki mai cutarwa;
- an haifar da sakamako mai tasirin greenhouse;
- akwai gurɓataccen iska da gurɓatar sinadarai na lithosphere;
- albarkatun kasa marasa sabuntawa suna ta raguwa.
Daga cikin wasu matsalolin da ke cikin bangaren makamashi, kayan aikin da ba su dace ba na nau'ikan cibiyoyin samar da wutar lantarki, na zafin jiki ko na nukiliya, na da muhimmanci. Hakanan akwai matsala ta zubar da sharar iska, tunda suna buƙatar keɓewa da adana su cikin aminci, wanda ke buƙatar ɓarnatar da kuɗi mai yawa.
Fitarwa
Wataƙila zai zama daidai a lura cewa ba kawai rayukan mutane na mutanen da ke zaune kusa da makamashi ba, har ma da na dukkan mutane a duniya, yanayin mahalli gabaɗaya ya dogara da kulawa, ƙwarewa da ƙwarewar ma'aikata a TPP, NPP, HPP. Dangane da wannan, maganin matsalolin makamashi zai shafi maganin manyan matsalolin muhalli na duniya.
