Hadarin da ya faru a tashar makamashin nukiliya ta Chernobyl a ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 1986, ya zama bala'in duniya, ana ɗaukar masifa mafi girma a karni na 20. Lamarin ya kasance a cikin yanayin fashewa, tunda mai sarrafa tashar nukiliya ta lalace gaba daya, kuma adadi mai yawa na abubuwa masu tasiri a cikin iska. Wani gajimaren rediyo da aka samar a cikin iska, wanda ya bazu zuwa yankunan da ke kusa da shi kawai, har ma ya isa kasashen Turai. Tunda ba a bayyana bayanai game da fashewar a tashar nukiliyar Chernobyl ba, talakawa ba su san abin da ya faru ba. Wanda ya fara fahimtar cewa wani abu ya faru ga mahalli a duniya kuma ya faɗakar da ƙararrawa, jihohi ne a Turai.
A yayin fashewar tashar nukiliyar ta Chernobyl, bisa ga bayanan hukuma, mutum 1 ne kawai ya mutu, wani kuma ya mutu washegari daga raunukan da ya ji. Watanni da shekaru bayan haka, mutane 134 suka mutu daga ci gaba da cutar radiation. Waɗannan su ne ma'aikatan tashar da membobin ƙungiyar ceto. Fiye da mutane 100,000 da ke zaune a cikin tazarar kilomita 30 daga Chernobyl an kwashe su kuma dole ne su nemi sabon gida a wasu biranen. Gabaɗaya, mutane 600,000 suka isa don kawar da sakamakon hatsarin, an kashe manyan albarkatu.
Sakamakon bala'in Chernobyl kamar haka:
- babban raunin mutane;
- cututtukan radiation da cututtukan sankara;
- cututtukan cututtukan cikin gida da cututtukan gado;
- gurbatar yanayi;
- samuwar yankin da ya mutu.
Yanayin muhalli bayan hatsarin
Sakamakon bala'in Chernobyl, aƙalla 200,000 sq. kilomita na Turai. Kasashen Ukraine, Belarus da Rasha sun fi shafa, amma kuma an fitar da hayaki mai gurbata wani abu a yankin Austria, Finland da Sweden. Wannan lamarin ya sami mafi girman alama (maki 7) akan ma'aunin abubuwan da suka faru na nukiliya.
Yanayin halitta ya lalace gaba daya: iska, da ruwa da ƙasa sun ƙazantu. Barbashi mai yaduwa ya rufe bishiyoyin Polesie, wanda ya haifar da samuwar Red Forest - yanki mai fiye da hekta 400 tare da pines, birch da sauran nau'ikan.
Radioactivity
Rediyon rediyo yana canza alkibla, don haka akwai wurare masu datti, kuma akwai kusan tsabtace wuraren da zaku iya zama ko da. Chernobyl kanta ta riga ta ɗan tsabtace, amma akwai wurare masu ƙarfi a kusa. Masana kimiyya sun lura cewa ana sake dawo da tsarin halittu a nan. Wannan gaskiya ne ga flora. Ana lura da ci gaban ciyayi sosai, kuma wasu nau'in fauna sun fara zama a ƙasashen da mutane suka bari: gaggafa fari, bison, muz, kerkolci, kurege, lynxes, barewa. Masana ilmin namun daji sun lura da canje-canje a cikin halayen dabbobi, kuma suna lura da maye gurbi iri-iri: ƙarin sassan jiki, ƙara girma. Kuna iya samun kuliyoyi masu kawuna biyu, tumaki da ƙafa shida, katon kifin kifi. Duk wannan sakamakon sakamakon hatsarin Chernobyl ne, kuma dabi'a na buƙatar shekaru da yawa, ko ma ƙarnuka da yawa, don murmurewa daga wannan bala'in muhalli.
