Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) wata dabba ce mai shayarwa - cheetahs. Wannan shine wakili na karshe a jininta, banda shi babu cheetahs a duniya. Abinda yake da mahimmanci shine - dabba mafi sauri a duniya kuma zata iya hanzarta zuwa kilomita 120 / hHakanan, wannan kyanyar tana da fika-da-da za'a iya jansu - wannan fasalin ba'a samun shi a cikin sauran masu cin abincin.
Bayani
Wani dan kallo na yau da kullun yana iya tunanin cewa cheetah dabba ce mai rauni da taushi: siririya, ta tafi-da-gidanka, ba tare da digo na kitsen mai ba, kawai tsokoki da kwarangwal wanda aka rufe shi da launin fata mara kyau. Amma a zahiri, jikin wannan ƙawancen yana da haɓaka sosai kuma yana da kyan gani.
Babban mutum zai iya zuwa mita a tsayi kuma kimanin 120 cm a tsayi, kimanin nauyin su kusan 50 kg. Jawo, wanda ba shi da gajere kuma ba shi da yawa, yana da haske mai launin rawaya, mai yashi, wanda a kansa, gaba dayan farfajiyar, ban da ciki, kananan alamun duhu masu duhu na siffofi da girma dabam-dabam sun watse. Irin wannan gashin gashi yana daɗaɗa kyanwa yayin yanayin sanyi kuma yana adanawa daga zafin rana a cikin matsanancin zafi. Daga launin ruwan kasa mai haske, zinariya, idanu zuwa bakin suna sauka sirara, wanda bai wuce rabin santimita ba a faɗi, layuka masu duhu, abin da ake kira "alamomin hawaye". Baya ga dalilan kwalliya kawai, wadannan ratsi suna taka rawar gani - suna ba ku damar mai da hankalinku kan abin farautar ku kare daga hasken rana.
Maza, ba kamar mata ba, suna da ɗan karamin gashin gashi a wuyansu. Gaskiya ne, nan da nan bayan haihuwa, duk kyanwa suna da wannan adon, amma yana da wata biyu da watanni 2.5 ya ɓace a cikin kuliyoyi. A saman motsin, kan karamin, idan aka kwatanta shi da jiki, kai akwai ƙananan kunnuwa zagaye, hanci baki.
Masana na da yakinin cewa duk dabbobin daji suna da gani da sararin samaniya. Zasu iya yin waƙa ɗaya tare da wasan da aka zaɓa don farauta tare da lura da abin da ke faruwa a kusa. Godiya ga wannan fasalin cewa ana ɗaukarsu mafarauta marasa ƙima, dabbobin da suke bi ba su da wata dama ta samun ceto.
Gabobi da raƙuman daji
Rukuni 5 ne kawai na wannan dabba mai falala suka rayu har zuwa yau:
1. Afirka cheetah (nau'ikan 4):
- Acinonyx jubatus hecki;
- Acinonyx jubatus tsoron;
- Acinonyx jubatus jubatus;
- Acinonyx jubatus soemmerringi;
2.Asshen cheetah.
Cheetahs na Asiya sun banbanta da takwarorinsu na Afirka a cikin wuya mai ƙarfi da gajarta gaɓoɓi. Har ila yau a baya, masana kimiyya sun banbanta wani nau'in cheetahs - baki, amma bayan wani lokaci sai ya zamana cewa wadannan mazaunan Kenya ba wani abu bane illa rashin rikitarwa tare da maye gurbi.
Chessah na Asiya
Lokaci-lokaci, kamar sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa, ana iya samun zabiya, waɗanda ake kira kuliyoyin sarauta a cikin cheetahs. Maimakon tabarau, ana zana dogayen ratsi-huɗu masu duhu tare da kashin bayansu, launi ya fi sauƙi, kuma motar gajere ce kuma ta yi duhu. Akwai kuma doguwar muhawara game da su a duniyar kimiyya: masana kimiyya ba su san ko za su koma zuwa wani jinsin ba, ko kuma irin waɗannan siffofin na waje sakamakon maye gurbi ne. Siffar ta ƙarshe ta zama bayyananne bayan an haifa kyanwa ga pairan cuwa-cuwa ta sarauta a 1968, babu bambanci da yawancin dangin da ba sarauta ba waɗanda suka saba da kowa.
Gidajen zama
Cheetah mazauniyar yankuna ne kamar hamada da savannah, babban yanayin rayuwa shine kwanciyar hankali, matsakaiciyar ciyayi. A da, ana iya samun waɗannan kuliyoyin a kusan duk ƙasashen Asiya, amma yanzu an gama da su gaba ɗaya a Misira, Afghanistan, Maroko, Sahara ta Yamma, Guinea, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, kuma lokaci-lokaci ana iya samun ƙananan mutane a Iran. Yanzu mahaifarsu ita ce Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, Zambiya, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Somalia da Sudan. Bugu da kari, ana samun su a kasashen Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Chadi, Habasha, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya da Afirka ta Kudu. A cikin Swaziland, an sake dawo da yawan su ba bisa ka'ida ba.
Wadannan jinsunan ana daukar su dadaddun:
- Acinonyx aicha;
- Matsakaiciyar Acinonyx;
- Kurtsin Acinonyx;
- Acinonyx pardinensis shine cheetah ta Turai.
A cikin daji, wannan babban kifin na iya rayuwa daga shekaru 20 zuwa 25, kuma a cikin fursuna, har zuwa 32.
Abin da yake ci
Babban abincin cheetah shine:
- barewa;
- 'yan maruƙan dawa;
- impala;
- kurege;
- barewa.
Da dare, wannan mafarautan ba shi da farauta kuma ya fi son yin aiki kawai da safe ko faduwar rana, lokacin da zafi ya lafa kuma hasken rana ba ya makanta.
Kusan baya amfani da ƙanshin sa yayin farauta, manyan makaman sa shine hangen nesa da sauri. Tunda babu inda za a ɓoye a cikin matattakalar, kwanton baƙuwar da suke yi wa cheetahs ba sa kai farmaki, ganin waɗanda za a kashe a nan gaba, sai suka bi ta cikin tsalle-tsalle da yawa, suka fyaɗa shi ƙasa da ƙwanƙwasawa mai ƙarfi kuma suka cinye ta makogwaronta. Idan, a cikin farkon 300 na farautar, ba a kama abin farauta ba, bin neman ya tsaya: gudu da sauri yana gajiyar da dabba sosai, kuma ƙaramin huhu ba ya ƙyale dogon bi.
Sake haifuwa
Cheetahs sun balaga a lokacin da suke da shekaru 2.5-3, ciki na daga kwanaki 85 zuwa 95, an haifi zuriyar kwata-kwata. Har zuwa kwanaki 15, kyanwa suna makafi, basa iya tafiya sai ja jiki kawai. Dukkanin kula da 'ya' yan yana kan kafadun mata ne kawai, wadanda ke goya jariran a duk shekara, har zuwa isar ta gaba. Kasancewar maza cikin haifuwa daga jinsin halittu ya kare ne kawai tare da aiwatar da kwaya.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa
- A da, ana ajiye cheetah a matsayin dabbobin gida kuma ana amfani dasu don farauta azaman farauta mai sauƙi.
- Wataƙila, a baya waɗannan masu farautar suma sun rayu a yankin Kievan Rus kuma ana kiransu Pardus, akwai ambaton su a cikin "Lay of Igor's Regiment".
- Cheetahs kwararrun mahaya ne: mafarauta sun koya musu hawa a bayansu a bayan dawakai, kuma don farauta mai kyau suna da damar a ba su - abin da ke cikin ganimar farauta.
- A cikin fursuna, waɗannan kuliyoyin kusan ba sa yin kiwo.
