Fure yana da wadata da banbanci, amma ba duk nau'in ke iya rayuwa cikin mawuyacin yanayin yanayi ba. Daya daga cikin mahimman halayen wakilan flora shine tsananin hunturu. Ita ce ke ƙayyade yiwuwar tsire-tsire a cikin wani yanki. Dangane da yanayin sanyi na flora, ya zama dole a zaɓi ƙwayoyin halittu a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa.
Abubuwan da ke tattare da sifofin hunturu da ƙwarin tsire-tsire
Abilityarfinsu na jure yanayin ƙarancin yanayi (a cikin + 1… + digiri 10) na dogon lokaci kai tsaye ya dogara da ƙwarin tsire-tsire mai sanyi. Idan wakilan flora sun ci gaba da girma tare da ƙarancin ma'aunin ma'aunin zafi da sanyio, ana iya danganta su da aminci ga tsire-tsire masu sanyi.
An fahimci wahalar lokacin hunturu a matsayin ikon tsire-tsire don ci gaba da ayyukansu mai mahimmanci a cikin yanayi mara kyau na wasu watanni (alal misali, daga ƙarshen kaka zuwa farkon bazara). Temperaturesananan yanayin zafi ba shine kawai barazanar ba ga wakilan flora ba. Yanayin da ba shi da kyau sun haɗa da canje-canje na yanayin zafi kwatsam, bushewar hunturu, damɓewa, tsawaita narkewa, daskarewa, danshi, kunar rana a jiki, iska da nauyin dusar ƙanƙara, icing, dawowar sanyi a lokacin lokacin bazara. Amsar shukar game da tashin hankali na muhalli yana ƙayyade tsananin damunta. Wannan alamar ba ta amfani da ƙa'idodin ci gaba; yana iya raguwa ko ƙaruwa lokaci-lokaci. Bugu da ƙari, iri ɗaya na shuke-shuke suna da matakan daban na ƙarancin hunturu.
Yankin jure sanyi a Rasha
Danna don faɗaɗa
Juriya da sanyi yana da wahalar rikicewa tare da tsananin hunturu - wannan mai nuna alama yana tantance ikon shuka don tsayayya da yanayin zafi mara kyau. Wannan fasalin an shimfida shi a matakin halittar jini. Matsayi ne na juriya na sanyi wanda ke tantance adadin ruwa a cikin ƙwayoyin, wanda ya rage a cikin yanayin ruwa, da kuma juriyarsu ga rashin ruwa da kuma juriya da ƙyallen ciki.
USDA Hardungiyoyin Hardarfin Matsalar Tableasa
| Yankin jure yanayin sanyi | Daga | Kafin | |
| 0 | a | 53.9 ° C | |
| b | -51.1 ° C | 53.9 ° C | |
| 1 | a | 48.3 ° C | -51.1 ° C |
| b | −45.6 ° C | 48.3 ° C | |
| 2 | a | 42.8 ° C | −45.6 ° C |
| b | -40 ° C | 42.8 ° C | |
| 3 | a | 37.2 ° C | -40 ° C |
| b | −34.4 ° C | 37.2 ° C | |
| 4 | a | 31.7 ° C | −34.4 ° C |
| b | 28.9 ° C | 31.7 ° C | |
| 5 | a | 26.1 ° C | 28.9 ° C |
| b | 23.3 ° C | 26.1 ° C | |
| 6 | a | −20.6 ° C | 23.3 ° C |
| b | 17.8 ° C | −20.6 ° C | |
| 7 | a | -15 ° C | 17.8 ° C |
| b | −12.2 ° C | -15 ° C | |
| 8 | a | 9.4 ° C | −12.2 ° C |
| b | 6.7 ° C | 9.4 ° C | |
| 9 | a | 3.9 ° C | −6.7 ° C |
| b | -1.1 ° C | 3.9 ° C | |
| 10 | a | -1.1 ° C | + 1.7 ° C |
| b | + 1.7 ° C | + 4,4 ° C | |
| 11 | a | + 4,4 ° C | + 7.2 ° C |
| b | + 7.2 ° C | + 10 ° C | |
| 12 | a | + 10 ° C | + 12.8 ° C |
| b | + 12.8 ° C | ||
Ta yaya tsire-tsire suke zama lokacin sanyi?
Baya ga abubuwan gado da abubuwan gado, microclimate da yanayin girma, akwai wasu dalilan da yasa tsire-tsire ke jure yanayin yanayin zafi:
- tsarin garkuwar jiki;
- an adana shi don lokacin ruwan sanyi mai dauke da hayakiɗa da abubuwa waɗanda zasu iya hana ƙirar ruwa;
- tsari, yanayi da nau'in ƙasa;
- shekaru da taurin tsire-tsire;
- kasancewar manyan kayan ado da sauran kayan ma'adinai a cikin ƙasa;
- kula a cikin bazara da bazara da shirya shuki don hunturu.
Hardwarewar hunturu na kwayar halitta na iya canzawa cikin rayuwarta. An yi imanin cewa samari na wakilai na flora ba su da ƙarfi ga yanayin ƙarancin yanayi fiye da manya, wanda yakan haifar da mutuwarsu.
Wakilan tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire
Sha'ir, flax, vetch da hatsi su ne manyan wakilai na tsire-tsire masu sanyi.
Sha'ir
Lilin
Vika
Hatsi
Jinsin dake jure yanayin sanyi sun hada da kwayar halittun da ke dadewa, tuber, nau'in bulbous, da kuma na shekara-shekara - bazara da girma - hunturu.
Lura cewa a lokacin sanyi, saiwan itacen sune mafi saukin kamuwa da daskarewa. Idan yanayin zafi mara kyau ya mamaye yankin, to ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara mai kauri ba, yiwuwar samun rayuwarsa ba ta da yawa. A cikin irin waɗannan yankuna ya zama dole don ƙirƙirar takaddama mai laushi ta mulching ƙasa a kusa da shuka.
A farkon lokacin hunturu ne (a watan Disamba, Janairu) cewa tsire-tsire suna da tsananin damuna na hunturu. Amma tare da farkon lokacin bazara, har ma da ƙananan sanyi zasu iya yin mummunan tasiri akan wakilin flora.
