Yan Adam yana shafar muhalli, wanda ke taimakawa wajen gurɓata albarkatun ƙasa. Tunda mutane suna aiki a bangarori daban-daban na kula da yanayi, yanayin iska, ruwa, ƙasa da kuma yanayin rayuwa gabaɗaya yana taɓarɓarewa. Gurbatar albarkatun kasa kamar haka:
- sinadarai;
- mai guba;
- na thermal;
- na inji;
- rediyoaktif.
Babban tushen gurbatar muhalli
Sufuri, wato motoci, ya kamata a ambata a cikin manyan tushen gurɓataccen yanayi. Suna fitar da iskar gas, wanda daga baya yake tarawa a cikin sararin samaniya kuma yana haifar da tasirin greenhouse. Hakanan an gurɓata biosphere ta wuraren samar da makamashi - tsire-tsire masu samar da wutar lantarki, shuke-shuke masu ƙarfi, tashoshin zafi. Wani matakin gurɓatuwa yana faruwa ne ta hanyar noma da noma, sune, magungunan ƙwari, magungunan ƙwari, takin ma'adinai, waɗanda ke lalata ƙasa, shiga cikin rafuka, tafkuna da ruwan karkashin ƙasa.
A yayin hakar ma'adinai, albarkatun kasa sun gurbace. A cikin dukkan albarkatun kasa, ba a wuce kashi 5% na kayan a tsarkakakken tsari ba, sauran kashi 95% kuwa sharar gida ce da ake dawo da ita. Yayin hakar ma'adinai da duwatsu, ana fitar da gurɓatattun abubuwa masu zuwa:
- carbon dioxide;
- ƙura;
- gas mai guba;
- hydrocarbons;
- nitrogen dioxide;
- gas din sulphurous;
- Kayayyakin ruwa.
Karafa ba ta zama wuri na ƙarshe a gurɓataccen yanayi da albarkatu. Hakanan yana da adadi mai yawa, ana amfani da albarkatu don sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa, waɗanda ba a tsaftace su kuma gurɓata mahalli. Yayin sarrafa albarkatun kasa, hayakin masana’antu yana faruwa, wanda ke matukar kaskantar da yanayin yanayi. Wani haɗari daban shine ƙazantar da ƙurar ƙarfe mai nauyi.
Gurbatar ruwa
Albarkatun kasa kamar ruwa sun ƙazantu sosai. Ingancin sa ya lalace ta hanyar ruwan sha na masana'antu da na gida, sunadarai, datti da ƙwayoyin halittu. Wannan yana rage ingancin ruwa, yana mai da shi mara amfani. A cikin ruwa, adadin flora da fauna yana raguwa saboda gurɓatar ruwa.
A yau, duk nau'ikan albarkatun ƙasa suna fama da gurɓata. Tabbas, mahaukaciyar guguwa da girgizar ƙasa, aman wuta da tsunami suna yin ɓarna, amma ayyukan ɗan adam sune mafi cutarwa ga albarkatun ƙasa. Wajibi ne don rage mummunan tasiri a kan yanayi da sarrafa ƙimar gurɓatar muhalli.
