Ofayan ɗayan wakilan dabbobi masu shayarwa - tafir... A waje, yana da kamanni da alade. Dabbar tana jan hankulan hanci mai ban sha'awa a cikin hanyar ƙaramar proboscis da halayyar abokantaka.
Bayani da fasalin bayyanar
Tapir wakili ne na tsarin dabbobi masu ƙafafun kafa. Fassara daga yaren kabilun Kudancin Amurka na nufin "mai kauri", ana yi masa laƙabi da fata mai kauri. Arfi, jikin roba a cikin mutum mai ƙafafu masu ƙarfi da gajere wutsiya. A ƙafafun gaba akwai yatsu 4, a ƙafafun baya akwai 3. Fatar an rufe ta da gajerun ulu mai launi daban-daban, ya danganta da nau'in.
A kan kai, leben sama tare da hanci yana da tsayi, yana ƙarewa a diddige tare da gashi mai laushi. Wannan yana haifar da ƙaramin proboscis, wanda ke taimakawa tare da cin abinci da bincika yankin da ke kewaye.
Wannan yana da matukar mahimmanci idan rashin gani ne na dabba. Matsakaicin tsayin jikin tapir ya kai mita 2, tare da tsayi a bushe a cikin mita. Tsawon jelar yakai cm 7-13. Nauyin ya kai kilogiram 300, yayin da mata koyaushe suka fi maza girma.
Dabbar dabbatare da halaye na zaman lafiya, yana kula da mutane da kyau, saboda haka yana da sauƙi a hora. Dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da ɗan wauta da jinkiri, amma suna gudu da sauri a lokuta masu haɗari. Masoyan wasa da iyo a cikin tafki.
Irin
Nau'in jinsuna huɗu sun fi kyau nazari. Daga cikin su, mutum daya ne ke zaune a tsaunukan. Na biyar ne aka gano ba da dadewa ba.
1. Americanasar Tafiyar Amurka ta Tsakiya
Tsawon jikinsa: 176-215 cm.
Tsawo a bushe (girma): 77-110cm.
Nauyin: 180-250 kg.
Mahalli: Daga arewacin Mexico zuwa Ecuador da Colombia.
Fasali: ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan karatu. Yana zaune a wurare masu zafi. Yana kusa da ruwa, mai kyau mai iyo da mai nutsuwa.
Bayyanar: Manyan dabbobin daji na Amurka. Yana da ƙaramin goge da gashi mai duhu mai launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Yankin kunci da wuya wuyan haske ne.
Americanasar Tafiyar Amurka ta Tsakiya
2. Kushin dutse
Tsawon jikinsa: 180 cm.
Tsawo: 75-80cm.
Nauyin nauyi: 225-250 kg.
Gida: Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela.
Fasali: Mafi ƙarancin wakilin wakili. Yana zaune a cikin tsaunuka, yana hawa zuwa tsawan mita 4000, zuwa ƙananan iyakar dusar ƙanƙara. Rareananan nau'ikan karatun da ba su da kyau.
Bayyanar: Jikin roba yana ƙare da gajeren jela. Theafafun kafafun sirara ne kuma murdaddu ne, saboda dusar ƙugu ta kan dutse ta shawo kan matsaloli. Launi na sutura ya bambanta daga launin ruwan kasa mai duhu zuwa baƙi. Ofarshen lebe da kunnuwa launuka ne masu haske.
Kushin dutse
3. Tafiya a fili
Tsawon jikinsa: 198-202 cm.
Tsawo: 120cm.
Nauyi: 300 kg.
Mahalli: Kudancin Amurka, daga Colombia da Venezuela zuwa Bolivia da Paraguay.
Fasali: Mafi shahararrun jinsunan mutane. Tapir na fili yana jagorantar salon rayuwa shi kadai, yana zaune a dazuzzuka masu zafi na wurare masu zafi. Mata suna haihuwar ɗan maraƙi ɗaya, mai launin ja-ja-ja mai launuka da ratsi mai tsawo.
Bayyanar: Karami, dabba mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da gaɓoɓi. Arami, madaidaiciya, madauri madauri. Launin ulu a bango launin ruwan kasa ne mai launin ruwan kasa, kan ɓangaren ciki da kirji na jikin mutum. Akwai iyakar haske a kunnuwa.
Tafiya a fili
4. Irawataccen mai baƙar fata
Tsawon jikinsa: 185-240 cm.
Tsawo: 90-105cm.
Nauyi: kilogiram 365.
Mahalli: Kudu maso gabashin Asiya (Thailand, kudu maso gabashin Burma, yankin Mallaka da tsibirai makwabta).
Fasali: Nau'in jinsin kawai yana rayuwa a cikin Asiya. Ana bambanta su da launi mai launin fari da fari da kuma ƙataccen akwati. Ba za a iya yin iyo kawai ba, amma har ma a motsa tare da ƙasan tafki. Yana tafiya a kai a kai cikin ƙazantar ƙazanta, yana kawar da ƙwayoyi da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta.
Bayyanar:Irarfe mai baƙar fata jan hankali tare da launuka masu ban mamaki. A yankin baya, an samar da tabo mai launin toka mai launin toka (zane mai sirdi), kama da bargo. Sauran tufafi suna da duhu, kusan baƙi. Kunnuwa kuma suna da farin iyaka. Gashi karamar ce, babu wani gogewa a bayan kai. Fata mai kauri a kai, har zuwa 20-25 mm, kariya ce mai kyau daga cizon mai farauta.
Irawataccen mai baƙar fata
5. Blackaramin baƙin tabir
Tsawon jikinsa: 130 cm.
Tsawo: 90 cm.
Nauyi: 110 kilogiram.
Wurin zama: yana zaune a yankunan Amazon (Brazil, Colombia)
Fasali: Kwanan nan gano tarkunan kyamara. Mace ta fi ta maza girma. Thearami mafi ƙarancin karatu.
Bayyanar: Mutanen da ke da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu ko shuɗi mai duhu. Mata suna da tabo mai haske a ƙananan ƙananan ƙugu da wuya.
Blackaramin baƙin tabir
Muhalli da salon rayuwa
Daya daga cikin tsoffin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Yanzu jinsi 5 ne kawai suka rayu. Makiyan dabbobi a kan ƙasa su ne Jaguars, Tigers, Anacondas, Bears, a cikin ruwa - kada. Amma babbar barazanar ta fito ne daga mutane. Farauta na rage dabbobi, kuma sare bishiyoyi yana rage mazauni.
Yin nazarin tambaya, a wace nahiya ne tapir yake rayuwa, yana da kyau a lura cewa mazauna sun ƙi sosai. Ana samun manyan nau'ikan 4 a Amurka ta Tsakiya da kuma cikin yankuna masu dumi na Kudancin Amurka. Kuma ɗayan yana cikin ƙasashen kudu maso gabashin Asiya.
Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa masoyan danshi ne, da dazuzzuka, inda akwai ciyayi masu yawa. Kuma dole ne ya kasance akwai kandami ko kogi a kusa, saboda suna daɗewa a cikin tafki, suna iyo suna iyo cikin annashuwa.
Dabbobi suna aiki da yamma da daddare, saboda haka sami tapir da wahala sosai a rana. Dabbobin tsauni suna farke da rana. Idan haɗari ya taso, za su iya canzawa zuwa salon rayuwar dare. A lokacin rani ko tare da mummunan tasirin mutum akan mazaunin, dabbobi suna yin ƙaura.
Tafusassun suna gudu da sauri, suna iya tsalle, suna rarrafe, saboda dole ne su motsa cikin dazuzzukan daji tare da bishiyoyi da suka faɗi ko kuma kan gangaren dutse. Babban abin da ta fi so shi ne iyo da ruwa. Kuma wasu mutane na iya ciyar da algae a karkashin ruwa.
Tapir na Meziko
Takalma a cikin shimfidar wurare suna zaune su kaɗai kuma galibi suna nuna ɗabi'a idan sun sadu. Dabbobi suna alamar yankin su, saboda haka suna gaba da baƙi. Suna sadarwa da juna tare da kaifi, sauti na huji kwatankwacin busa. Lokacin da suka firgita, sai su gudu, da ƙyar za su iya ciji.
Gina Jiki
Yalwar ciyawar dazuzzuka itace tushen tushen abinci ga dabbobi. Abincin Tapir ya hada da ganyen bishiyoyi, shrubs ko bishiyar dabino, harbe, 'ya'yan itacen da suka faɗi. Masu son yin iyo da ruwa a cikin kandami, suna iya ciyar da algae daga ƙasa.
Saboda kasancewar yankuna suna raguwa, dabbobi ba koyaushe zasu sami fruitsa fruitsan itace masu daɗi ba. Suna kai hari gonar noma, harbe-harben koko, lalata tumbin sukari, mangwaro, kankana. Wannan yana cutar da gonakin. Kuma masu mallakar suna daukar tsauraran matakai ta hanyar harbi kaset.
Irsawatai suna son cin ganyaye da rassan itaciya
Abincin da aka fi so daga dabbobi masu shayarwa shine gishiri. Saboda haka, saboda ita, suna yin tafiya mai nisa. Babban adadin ciyawar shuke-shuke a cikin filayen Paraguay. Anan ƙasar tana da wadatar sulphate da soda mai gishiri kuma dabbobi suna lasar ƙasa da jin daɗi. Hakanan suna sake buƙatar buƙatun abubuwa ta hanyar amfani da alli da yumbu.
Fursuna tapir yana zaune a cikin rufe alkalami da girman akalla 20 m² kuma koyaushe tare da tafki. Suna cin abinci iri ɗaya da aladu: kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, ciyawa, abinci mai haɗewa. Saboda rashin hasken rana, bi da bi na bitamin D, dabbar na iya yin baya a girma da ci gaba. Sabili da haka, ana ƙara bitamin da abubuwan alamomi a cikin abincin. Kuma abincin, ba shakka, zai zama 'ya'yan itatuwa masu zaki, sukari, masu fasa.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Balagagge na jima'i na mutane yana faruwa ne daga shekaru 3-4. Mace kusan ta fi girma fiye da kilogiram 100, kuma a zahiri ba su bambanta da launi ba. Takaddun cin abinci yana faruwa a ko'ina cikin shekara kuma mace ta fara wannan dangantaka. Tsarin yin kwaro yana faruwa ba wai kawai a ƙasa ba har ma a cikin ruwa.
Yayin wasannin dabino, namiji yana gudu bayan mace na dogon lokaci kuma yana sanya sautuna kamar na busa ko shewa. Abokan jima'i ba su da bambanci a cikin aminci, kowace shekara mace tana canza namiji. Cutar tapirs tana ɗan ɗan wuce shekara, kusan watanni 14.
Baby Mountain Tapir
A sakamakon haka, ana haihuwar jariri, sau ɗaya. Matsakaicin nauyin jarirai ya kai kilogiram 4-8 (ya bambanta dangane da bambancin jinsunan dabbobi). Kadan tapir a cikin hoton launi ya bambanta da uwa. Gashi yana da tabo da ratsiyoyi masu ɗigo. Wannan ra'ayi yana taimaka wa ɓoye a cikin gandun daji mai yawa. Bayan lokaci, bayan watanni shida, wannan launi yana shuɗe.
A satin farko, jariri da mahaifiyarsa sun ɓuya a ƙarƙashin garken daji. Uwa tana ciyar da madara kwance a ƙasa. Kuma daga mako mai zuwa, kubar tana bin ta don neman abinci. A hankali, mace ke koya wa jariri shuka abinci.
Cin madara ya ƙare bayan shekara guda. Da shekara 1.5, yaran sun kai girman manya, kuma balaga na faruwa ne daga shekaru 3-4. A matsakaita, a ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan yanayi, kasusuwa suna rayuwa kusan shekaru 30. Ko da a cikin fursuna, za su iya kai wannan zamanin.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa game da tapir
- Wasu daga cikin tsoffin dabbobi. Rayuwa sama da shekaru miliyan 55.
- A cikin 2013, masanan kimiyyar dabbobi na Brazil sun gano nau'I na biyar, Lessananan Blackananan Tapir. Ita ce ɗayan farkon fasahar kere kere da aka gano a cikin shekaru 100 da suka gabata.
- Dangin wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa sune karkanda da dawakai. Takassun zamani suna da kamanceceniya da tsoffin dawakai.
- Rigar bakin danshi da bututun numfashi na taimaka wa dabba a lokacin yin ruwa. Ana iya nutsar da shi a ƙarƙashin ruwa na mintina da yawa. Don haka, guduwa daga makiya.
- A cikin kamewa, ana sanya tapirs cikin gida kuma suna da ƙarfi.
- Yanzu ana kare tapirs kuma dukkan nau'ikan, banda kirgawa wadanda suke, suna cikin littafin Red Book na duniya. Kimanin nau'in 13 na wadannan dabbobi sun bace.
- Al’ummomin Asiya sun yi imanin cewa idan kuka yi dutse ko itacen ɓaure na katako, to, hakan zai tserar da mai shi daga mummunan mafarki. Saboda wannan suka kira shi "mai cin mafarki"
- A cikin Brazil, tassun gasunan ruwa suna nitsewa cikin ruwa suna kiwo. A ƙasan kogin, tabkuna suna cin algae.
- Yayin aiwatar da ruwa, ƙananan kifi suna tsabtace rigar kuma suna lalata ƙwayoyin cuta na fata.
- Dabbobi suna da wadataccen abinci. Suna cinye nau'in ciyayi iri-iri.
- Mutanen karkara suna farautar katako da karnuka. Kuma idan bashi da lokacin buya a cikin ruwa, to anyi masa. Suna darajar nama a ciki. Kuma ana yin layya ne daga duwatsun da ake samu a ciki.
Farautar nama, fatu mai kauri da sare dazuzzuka a muhallansu na da mummunar illa ga yawan jama'a. Kashewar tapirs da ba a sarrafawa ba yana rage yawan dabbobi kuma yana haifar da ƙarancin nau'in.
