Tsuntsu mai cin nama, mai kama da shaho a cikin kamanninsa, yana al'ajabi da ɗaukaka. Kyakkyawan bayyanar, jirgi mai saurin birgewa, hanzari masu sauri ana haɗe su da muryar tsuntsaye kwata-kwata, kama da meow. Saboda haka, sunan ya tashi ungulu daga kalmar "nishi", watau piteously ƙyama, kuka, kuka. In ba haka ba, ana kiran farar fatar da ungulu.
Buzzard tsuntsu namiji
Bayani da fasali
Tsuntsu ya fito ne daga babban dangin karamin shaho. Tsawon jiki 55-57 cm, wutsiya ya kai 25-28 cm, fukafukai zagaye a span - kimanin cm 120. Mata yawanci sun fi maza girma. Nauyin mutane daban-daban shine 500-1300 g.
Kayan fuka-fukan gashin buzzards ya banbanta kwarai da gaske wanda a aikace ba zai yuwu a samo wasu mutane iri daya ba. Yankin launuka ya haɗa da baƙi, launin toka, launin ruwan kasa, fari da rawaya.
A cikin wasu nau'ikan, fatar launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa mai juyewa a kan gashin jelar ya fi yawa, a wasu kuma launin toka mai haske ne mai alamar baƙar fata da ratsi. Areananan yara ana rarrabe su ta hanyar bayyanar musamman. A ƙasa a kan fikafikan tsuntsaye akwai alamun haske.
Paws suna da launin rawaya-rawaya, launin shuɗi mai haske a gindi tare da sauyawa a hankali zuwa duhu a ƙarshen bakin. Idanun suna da jajaye a gaban idanuwa, launin ruwan kasa mai haske a cikin kajin, amma tare da shekaru, launi a hankali yana zama launin toka.
Masu buzzards suna da gani mai kyau, kyakkyawar taɓawa. Mafarauta suna da ji sosai kuma sun sami ƙamshi. Buzzards masu saurin hankali ne, masu wayo. Masu mallakar tsuntsayen da ke zaune a cikin fursuna sun lura da wayewar dabarun avian.
Buzzard jirgin
Hanci muryar ungulu sanannun sanannun masanan yanayi. Sautunan da maza sukeyi sun fi na mata yawa. Zai yiwu a saurari waƙoƙin su yayin lokacin saduwa. Sauran lokacin buzzels suna ciyarwa a hankali, ba sa jan hankali zuwa ga kansu ta hanyar ihu ko wasu sautuka.
Saurari muryar ungulu
Irin
A cikin rarrabuwar buzzards, rukunoni biyu sun bambanta da sharadi:
- buteo - salon zaman mutum yana da halayyar, an yarda da ƙaura zuwa ƙaramin tazara;
- vulpinus - yayi ƙaura mai nisan-nesa, banda shine yawan mutanen a cikin Himalayas.
Nau'in buzzards na yau da kullun sune kamar haka:
- ungulu... Mutane masu matsakaiciyar girman da ke da nau'ikan launuka daban-daban. An rarrabu a cikin ɓangaren dazuzzuka na yankin Eurasia, yana rayuwa mai nutsuwa;
- ungulu ja-wutsi. Suna zaune a yankin Arewacin Amurka da Amurka ta Tsakiya. Sun fi son yankunan daji kusa da wuraren shimfidar wuri. Sunan yana magana game da keɓaɓɓen launi. Fukafukai suna da siffar zagaye;
- Buzzard. Manyan tsuntsaye masu fikafikai na cm 160. Kai da kirji ƙyallen haske ne, ba tare da yatsu ba. Launi na ciki, ƙafafu ja ne. Suna zaune a yankin Bahar Rum, yankunan arewacin Afirka, Girka, Turkiyya. Yankuna masu tsaunuka da hamadar hamada suna da ban sha'awa ga zzan Buzzards masu tsayi;
- Buzzard na landasar... Tsuntsu yana da kama da girmansa da ungulu. Bambanci shine a cikin hasken launi na ciki. Sunan yana jaddada fifikon abin da yatsun yatsun kafa suke. Yana zaune a yankunan arewacin Eurasia, Arewacin Amurka, da yankunan tsibiri;
- svenson ungulu Girman tsuntsaye ba shi da yawa fiye da na waɗanda aka haifa. Kuna iya gane nau'ikan ta wani farin tabo a maƙogwaro, fuka-fuka masu ruwan kasa masu launuka ba tare da aibobi ba, da ciki mai haske. Gudun ungulu yana kama da motsin kifi. Yana zaune a Kanada, Mexico. Hibernate ta tafi California, Florida;
Abu ne mai sauki a gane ungulu ta Svenson ta farin labulen da ke kan makogwaro
- hanyar ungulu. Mai kama da bayyanar da sparrowhawk. Launin baya launin toka ne, cikin rawaya haske da rabe-rabe ja. Theungiyoyin dazuzzuka na yankuna masu zafi da na subtropic suna jan hankalin waɗannan tsuntsayen;
- Galapagos Buzzard. Tsuntsaye suna da ƙanana da launin ruwan kasa. Raunin launin toka yana ƙawata jela. Wannan jinsin yana da matukar damuwa ga babban yanki na Tsibirin Galapagos;
- Buzzard na Afirka. Birdsananan tsuntsaye masu duhun baya mai duhu. Cikin ciki fari ne da ɗigon ruwan toka. Yana zaune a cikin kasashen Afirka tsakanin tsaunuka da tsaunuka a tsawan mita 4500 sama da matakin teku;
- Madagascar Buzzard. Yankunan da ke zaune daga buɗe filayen zuwa tsaunuka, dazuzzuka masu zafi da zafi-zafi;
- Buzzard na landasar. Bayyanar yayi kama da dogon ungulu. Lumbin galibi launin ruwan kasa ne masu launin ja. Gidajen gida - a cikin tsaunuka, a tsaunukan Altai, Manchuria. Ga wuraren hunturu, tsuntsun yana tashi zuwa China, Turkestan, Iran;
- dutsen ungulu. Headaramin kai da baki mai ƙarfi sun bambanta dutsen da ke zaune a Afirka ta Kudu. Shaho yana da kalar toka da wutsiya mai jan launi;
- ungulu Ya fi son yin iyo a kusa da jikin ruwa a cikin dazuzzuka. Yana zaune a cikin filayen wurare masu zafi na Mexico, Argentina. Wsafafun Spiked;
- shaho ungulu. Jinsin yayi kama da ungulu. Jinsi a gabashin Asiya. Hawk ungulu - rare ra'ayi.
Rayuwa da mazauni
Yaduwar yaduwar wasu nau'ikan ungulu ya rufe fili da tsaunuka. Buzzards ba su ba da izinin baƙi su shiga wuraren da mutane ke zaune ba. A cikin iska, daga cikin dazuzzuka, suna kai farmaki ga waɗanda ke waje, suna tura su daga sararin su.
Kuna iya gane ungulu a cikin gandun daji ta yanayin fasalinsa - tsuntsayen suna zaune a kan rassan, suna lankwasawa da ƙafafun kafa. Wannan ba zai hana su sanya ido kan abubuwan da ke faruwa ba da kuma neman abin farauta. Ko da hutu ne, tsuntsaye ba sa yin farkawa.
Gorin yana tashi a hankali, a hankali, sau da yawa yana shawagi na tsawon lokaci akan filayen kore. Tsuntsun yana sauri bayan wanda aka azabtar da sauri, yana latsa fikafikansa biyu a jiki. Kusa da kasa ungulu da sauri ya buɗe fikafikan sa kuma ya kama ganima da ƙafafun farce.
A cikin farauta, ba wai kawai kyakkyawan gani da taimakon ji ba, amma har ma da wayo, lalata, dabara. Irin waɗannan halaye suna ceton masu cin abincin kansu daga abokan gaba. An lura cewa kafin su kwana, ungulu sun rikita hanyoyin su ta yadda babu wani daga cikin masu farautar yunwa da ke bin sawun tsuntsun.
Buzzards suna neman ganima a cikin sarari. Tsuntsaye suna tashi sama ko neman ganima daga tsauni, yayin da suke kwanton bauna. A can suna cikin cikakken motsi don ba a lura da su.
Nau'ikan 'yan ci-rani suna tururuwa zuwa yankuna masu dumi a watan Afrilu-Mayu, gwargwadon yanayin yanayi. Kwanan jirgin kaka daga Agusta zuwa Satumba.
Gina Jiki
Abincin mai farauta ya dogara ne da abincin dabbobi: ƙwayoyin beraye, beraye, hamster, moles, ɓawon ƙasa da sauran beraye, wanda ungulu ta fi son sauran abinci. Ganima na iya zama zomo mai matsakaici ko yadin bakin teku. Ana cin ciyawa, mazari, filly, da fara. Ungulu tana farautar tsuntsaye - kashin daji, fure, baƙar fata, da sauran ƙananan tsuntsaye sun zama ganima.
Kashe beraye ungulu tsuntsu yana da babbar fa'ida. A cikin yini guda kawai, har zuwa ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin noma 30 sun zama abincin ta. A cikin shekarar, yawansu ya kai kusan 11,000. Tunda beraye shine abincin da aka fi so da gwatso, a lokacin da ake rarraba su, tsuntsaye basa canzawa zuwa wasu abincin.
Macizai masu dafi sun san ganima. Amma tsuntsu da kansa ba shi da kariya daga guba mai rarrafe. Rashin rigakafi na haifar da mutuwar ungulu idan maciji yana da lokacin da zai sara shi. Wannan ba safai yake faruwa ba.
Hawan gudu na harin ya ba wanda aka azabtar mamaki. Ana cikin haka, ungulu tana da saurin gaske cewa, bayan an rasa, sai ta fada kan wata itaciya, bango. A lokacin yunwa, ungulu na iya cin mushe.
Ana yin amfani da ƙafafun ƙafafu don riƙe ganima, kaifin baki yana ba ka damar sassar fatar dabbobi masu ƙarfi.
Rage guguwa lokacin kai hari ganima
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Mata ungulu sun fi maza girma. Babu wasu alamun bambancin tsakanin su. Iyalan tsuntsayen da aka halitta ana kiyaye su tsawon rayuwar tsuntsayen.
Lokacin jima'i don tsuntsaye masu auren mata daya yana faruwa a farkon bazara. Anyi gwagwarmaya mara sassauƙa tsakanin maza don kulawa da mata. Rawan iska, tashi sama, ana yin wakoki don jan hankalin ma'aurata. Wani lokaci akan yi faɗa mai tsanani.
Buzzard gida tare da qwai
Kungiyoyin kwadagon da aka kafa sun fara gina gida gida a kan bishiyun bishiyoyi, wadanda ba kasafai suke haduwa da itacen ba. Tsuntsayen suna gina tsarin tare a tsayin mitoci 6-15 a cokali mai yatsu a cikin rassa masu kauri. Wani lokaci wani tsohon gida yakan zama tushen da ya dace.
Ana iya gina gidan iyali a kan duwatsu dangane da mazaunin tsuntsayen. Ginin tsuntsu an gina shi ne daga bishiyoyi da aka toshe da busasshiyar ciyawa. A ciki, an lika gindinta da gansakuka, ganye kore, guntun gashin dabba, fuka-fukai. Gida yana kiyayewa sosai daga baƙi.
A cikin kama yawanci yawanci akwai ƙwai 3-4, ƙasa sau da yawa sau 4-5, koren haske tare da ɓoye masu duhu. Duk iyayen biyu suna ƙyanƙyashe bi da bi don makonni 5. Yaran da aka haifa sun bayyana kusan farkon watan Yuni kuma suna buƙatar kulawa akai-akai.
Jikin kowane kaza an lullube da duhu launin toka ƙasa. Mace koyaushe “tana kan aiki”, ungulu ta farauta a wannan lokacin don ciyar da babban iyali. Abincin da aka kawo mace ce za ta fara ci, sannan kajin ke biye da ita.
Lokacin da jarirai ke ciyarwa a cikin gida kusan kwanaki 40-50 ne. Matasa sun ƙara ƙarfi, suna koyon tukin jirgin sama, kuma suna barin iyayensu a farkon watan Agusta. A lokacin bazara, ungulu mace takan sake yin kwan kuma ta ciyar da kajin, idan ba a iya kiyaye kama ta farko ba. Wannan yana matsayin kariya ta halitta daga ɓarnatarwar da aka gaza.
Rayuwar ungulu tana da tsayi, shekaru 24-26 ne. A cikin ajiyar yanayi, a cikin bauta, suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 30-32.Buzzard a cikin hoto yayi kama da ɗaukaka, mai alfahari. Babban nasara ne haduwa dashi a yanayi. Ba sau da yawa yakan tashi zuwa yankunan daji na birane.
Buzzard kajin
Masana kimiyyar halittu sun lura da fasali mai ban sha'awa: inda ungulu ta bayyana, hankaka ya ɓace, suna tsoron mai farautar. Amma ungulu ba za ta yi laifi ba, ba kamar hankaka ba, kajin ƙananan tsuntsaye, maraice mai daɗi da dare, da riguna, da tauraruwa, idan yana da ƙwararan bera da fara. Tsuntsu mai daraja!
