Babban abun ciki na launin baƙar fata a cikin fata da Jawo na dabba ya zama tushen haihuwar hoton kyanwa mai alfarma. Baƙar fata a cikin hoton burgewa da sihiri, kamar dai halittarta tana da alaƙa da duniyoyin ɓoye. Dukkanin jinsin felines ana kiransa panthers, yanayinsu yana da ban sha'awa koda ba tare da taɓa sufan ba.
Bayani da fasali
An fara kiran manyan dabbobi masu cin zarafin dangi tare da alamun melanism panthers a yadda mutum yake so. Tarihin sunan ya koma zuwa Latin, Greek, tsoffin yarukan Indiya, yana nufin "damisa". Tatsuniyoyi da hujjoji game da rayuwar panthers suna da alaƙa sosai.
Kwayar halittar dabbobi kodai cuta ce ko kuma hanyar kariya a cikin mummunan yanayi. Launin duhu galibi ana bayyana shi a cikin maharan da suka daɗe suna cikin dazuzzuka da ba za a iya hana su ba, inda kusan hasken rana ba ya samun su. A cikin daskararrun lokacin farin ciki, ɓoyewar launin dare yana inganta rayuwa.
Black panthers sun hada da manyan wakilai na masu farauta:
- damisa;
- zaki;
- damisa;
- jaguar.
A cikin Malesiya, rabin damisa ana iya lasafta su azaman masu wanzuwa dangane da irin launin baki na dabba.
Panther ba jinsin jinsin bane, amma jinsin feline tare da canjin yanayin launi
Ba a samo baƙar fata baƙar fata, kodayake maye gurbin kwayar halitta wanda ke haifar da melanism yana da mahimmanci har ma a cikin dawakai, waɗanda ake kira fox azurfa. Daga nesa, launin fata na jikin dabbobi masu kama da juna suna kama da juna, amma kusa da kusa zaka iya ganin tabo a bangon baya.
Baya ga launi, sauran mutane na jinsi ba su da bambanci da danginsu. Ketarewa yana ba da zuriya mai launuka iri-iri: cakulan, ja, tabo, ƙasa da baƙar fata. Anyi bayanin wannan ta hanyar ka'idojin halittar gado, gwargwadon yadda wasu ke danniyar kwayar halittar baki baki.
A cikin hotuna masu yawa na baƙin fata, wanda zai iya gani sau da yawa
- Jaguars na Kudancin Amurka, wanda ke nuna babbar hanyar maye gurbin;
- Damisoshin Afirka ko Asiya tare da kwayar halittar da ke kwance.
Abin sha'awa, ana amfani da sunan "panther" ga wasu fatine masu launin ja, har da farar fata. Amma har yanzu, babban alamar hoto mai ƙarancin launi Mephistopheles ne. A cikin kewayon baƙar fata, akwai ɗanɗano na shuɗi, shuɗi da shunayya.
Black panther - dabba babban girma. Tsawon jiki - har zuwa mita 2, tsawo - kimanin 70 cm, nauyi - 50-60 kg. Jikin dutsen mai cin nama mai sauƙi yana da sassauƙa, tauta, kyakkyawa. Paafafu masu ƙarfi, manyan fika a yatsu, waɗanda dabbar ke jan su kamar katar gida.
Wutsiyar na iya zama rabin tsawon jiki. Maza sun fi mata girma da kusan 25%.
Kan dabbar yana da girma, dan tsawo. Kunnuwa da idanu kanana ne. Kallon mai farauta na gaske, hudawa da sanyi. Muƙamuƙai masu ƙarfi, haƙori masu kaifi suna kama da hoton dabba mara tausayi.
Yawancin panthers suna da rikici, wanda ya sa dabbar ta kasance mai haɗari sosai.
Yawancin mutanen zamanin da suka yi imanibaƙar fata - dabba mai ɗoki... Alheri, girma, ƙarfi, halin ɗabi'a koyaushe suna haifar da bauta ta musamman ga mutum don dabba mai kyau da taurin kai. Gudun kwanon gudu ya kai 80 km / h, tsayi a tsalle ya kai mita 6.
An nuna alamar a cikin sanarwa kamar mai fushi, tare da harshen wuta daga bakinsa da kunnuwansa. A cikin bayanin, an ba ta kyawawan halaye, an yaba mata da waƙoƙin sihiri waɗanda ke jan hankalin sauran dabbobi ban da dragon. Yana gudu daga panther.
A zahiri, panther yana da maƙogwaro na musamman, wanda ke ba shi damar fitar da mummunan ruri, sanyaya rai a cikin duhu.
Irin
Zamu iya magana game da nau'in kwandon sharadi da sharadi, tunda yanayin dabbar ya dogara ne da canjin dabi'un halittu hudu da aka sansu da su: damisa (damisa), jaguar, zaki da damisa.
Panthers-damisa sun fi zaki da damisa sauri da sauri. Ikon hawa bishiyoyi, duwatsu, kyakkyawar amsa, rashin tsoro yasa su supercats. Tsoffin mutanen Sumerians sun yarda da baƙin fata a matsayin alloli mata masu haihuwa da kauna.
Jaguar panthers shima na musamman ne a cikin ikon rayuwa a wurare daban-daban. Indiyawan suna kiransu allolin duhu, kuma ana ɗaukar rurin dabbobi kamar tsawa.
Haɗakar da ake yi da ƙwayoyin cuta, watau ƙetare panthers da sauran kuliyoyin daji, ya haifar da bayyanar:
- tigona - matasan zaki (panther) da damisa;
- ligra - matasan tigress da zaki (panther);
- leopon - a matasan zaki da damisa (panther);
- pumaparda - a matasan cougar da damisa (panther).
A cikin yanayin muhalli, ba a samun cakuda saboda bambancin yanayin damisa da zakuna. Haihuwar kittens na nau'ikan nau'ikan da ke da alaƙa mai yiwuwa ne a cikin ƙuntataccen yanayin gidan zoo da dawafi.
Ligers ana haifuwa da yawa fiye da tigons. Dabi'un gadon mahaifin sun mamaye cikin bayyanar kyanwa. A halin yanzu, ligers sune manyan kuliyoyi, waɗanda tsayinsu ya kai mita 4, nauyi - fiye da 300 kg. Kusan ba zai yuwu a samo zuriya daga wurinsu ba.
Tigones ba ya bayyana sau da yawa. Bayan haihuwa, jarirai galibi suna rashin lafiya da rauni. Girman mutane girma ya fi na iyaye.
A matsayin tunatarwa game da wanzuwar damusa da pumapard, kawai dabbobin da aka ciko daga waɗannan dabbobin, waɗanda aka yanke musu hukunci, sun rage. Yawancin masu bincike sun gamsu cewa gwaje-gwajen kan ƙetare waɗannan masanan ba su da amfani.
Rayuwa da mazauni
Yankin panthers yana da fadi. Ana samun adadi mai yawa a Asiya, Kudancin Amurka, a cikin fadada Afirka. Idan a cikin tsaunukan Habasha, damisa baƙar fata sun fi yawa, to baƙin jaguars suna rayuwa a cikin dajin Amurka.
A cikin daji, gandun dajin, dutsen tsaunuka suna jan hankalin masu panthers. Wurare, a ina bakar fata take zaune?, galibi ba mai yuwuwa bane kuma yana nesa da ƙauyukan mutane. Yayin saduwa da mutum, dabbobi ba sa nuna ta'adi idan ba sa jin yunwa kuma ba sa bukatar kariyar kai. Mai haɗari mai haɗari yana da dabara da ƙarfi sosai.
Black panthers galibi babu dare. Launin ya basu babbar fa'ida a cikin farauta. Suna motsawa shiru, cikin nutsuwa, kyakkyawan ƙanshin su yana sa sauƙin samun ganima.
Da rana, bayan doguwar tafiya a cikin gandun daji mai yawa, panthers suna barci na dogon lokaci a tsakanin rassan. Don hutawa, suna samun wurare a cikin katako mai tsayi a tsawan mita 4-5.
Halin dabbobi ya bambanta ta hanyar taurin kai, juriya, yanke hukunci. Oƙarin yunƙurin dabban ya zama gidan gida, babu makawa ya ƙare da gazawa. Saboda haka, yana da wuya a sami kwalliyar baƙi a wasan circus.
Kusan basu bada kansu ga horo. Maritza Zapashnaya ne kawai ke hawan gwal a Turai. Rashin tabbas na dabbobi koyaushe yana haɗuwa da babban haɗari wajen aiki tare da su.
Waɗannan ɗaiɗaikun mutane ne ta ɗabi'unsu, sun fi son wanzuwar kaɗaici ko a cikin ma'aurata. Irƙirara girman kai kamar zaki baƙon abu ne mai ban mamaki. Kowane mutum ko ma'aurata suna da yanki na kansa, iyakokin waɗanda ba za a iya keta iyakokin su ba.
Ana ɗaukar Panthers wataƙila mafi yawan masu zubar da jini tsakanin sauran wakilan masu farin jini. Dabbar da ke jin yunwa ba ta zaɓi wanda aka azabtar da ita ba, tana garaje da dukkan abubuwa masu rai. Panthers ba su da tsoron kowa. Panther na iya kusantar mutum da kansa, ba kamar sauran dangin hankali ba.
Dabbobin farautar dabbobi koyaushe suna da kyawawan mazaunan gidan zoo. Baƙi daga ƙasashe daban-daban sun nuna ci gaba da sha'awar namun daji. Sirrin wasu duniyoyi, asirin mazaunan su yana jawo hankalin mutane waɗanda suke sanya alamun panthers alamun al'adu daban-daban. Ba daidaituwa ba ne cewa hoton Bagheera mai panther dangane da littafin "Mowgli" na Kipling ya zama sananne sosai.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ta lura da masoyan marubucin Ingilishi. Labarin tatsuniya yana nunawa namiji bakar panther Bagir. Amma yayin aiwatar da fassarar, an canza yanayin jinsi, tunda kalmar panther ta mata ce. Kari kan haka, yawanci alheri, alheri, hikima, da kyawon dake cikin hoton galibi ana danganta su ga jaruman mata.
Tare da babban haƙuri, yan panthers na iya farautar ganima na awanni
Gina Jiki
Abincin mai farauta shine naman manyan ciyawar dabbobi: buffalo, antelopes, zebras. Satar tumaki, shanu, dawakai, aladu wadanda suka rage ba tare da kulawar mutum ba abu ne gama gari. Dabbobin da suke jin yunwa suna wadatar da birai, farauta, ƙwai daga gurukansu, har ma suna iya cin 'ya'yan itacen lambun.
Ana gudanar da binciken ne ga wadanda abin ya shafa a kasa, galibi ana tsare ganima a wuraren da ake shayarwa. Ana cin nama a kan bishiya. Gawar mai kaifi da jarkoki suna yayyage gawar. Wannan fasalin ya banbanta panthers daga zaki da sauran dangi.
A tsayi, abinci ba zai kai ga masu gasa ta duniya ba - kuraye, diloli da sauran mafarauta.
Dabbobi na iya rayuwa tsawon kwanaki 4-5 ba tare da abinci ba. Amma sai panthers zasu iya silalewa cikin wani gida, bayan gida, sito don neman ganima. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa dabba mai wadataccen abinci ba zata taɓa koda ɗan akuya wanda yake tsaye a ƙafafunsa ba.
Dabba mai yunwa zata tsaya a bakin komai. Ana ganin fatar a cikin cin naman mutane, amma zuwa mafi ƙarancin damisa ko zakuna.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Kittens na dangi sun isa balagar jima'i ta shekaru 2-3. Yanayin dumi a mazaunin yana ba da damar kiwo duk shekara. Bayan jima'i, mace tana neman nesa, wurin aminci don haihuwa. Mafi yawancin lokuta, wannan rami ne tsakanin tushen bishiyoyi, keɓantaccen wuri a cikin kogo, babban rami. Tsawon lokacin daukar ciki wata 3-3.5 ne.
Yawancin lokaci akwai kittens biyu a cikin kwandon shara, da yawa sau da yawa akwai guda ɗaya, akwai ƙananan halaye na yara 4-5. Kittens an haife shi makaho. Panther uwa ce mai kulawa. Da farko, ba ta barin kowa kusa da magada, ita da kanta ba ta je ko'ina ba.
Dabbobin da aka haifa na al'ada na iya haifar da blackan kittens masu baƙar fata, amma masu panthers sai suka haye tsakanin kansu
Har zuwa kwanaki 10, mace ta shagaltar da jarirai kawai. Tana dumama musu, tana lasa musu, tana basu abinci. Ba wanda ya isa ya kusanci ɗakin uwar. Kyanwa suna cin madara, mahaifin dangi yana kula da mace, yana kawo mata abinci.
Lokacin da mace ta ruga zuwa ramin ban ruwa, jariran ba sa dadewa a karkashin kulawar mahaifinsu. A cikin damuwa, mahaifiya takan wani lokacin takan kai ga gajiya.
Lokacin da kyanwa suka sami gani da ji, mace za ta fara samun ƙarfi a hankali, ta koma rayuwar da ta saba, amma ta ci gaba da kula da zuriyar. Kulawa da kiwon kyanwa, koya musu farauta da dabarun motsawa ya kai kimanin shekara guda, bayan haka kuma samari da kansu zasu iya magance matsalolin rayuwar dabbobi.
Panthers na iya kula da kittens ɗinsu har zuwa shekaru biyu
A cikin yanayin yanayi, panthers suna rayuwa shekaru 10-12. A cikin bauta, ƙarƙashin ikon ɗan adam, tsawon rai ya ƙaru zuwa shekaru 20. Abun lura na masu farauta ya nuna cewa a cikin shekaru goma na biyu na rayuwa, akwai raguwar mahimmancin aikin dabbobi.
Neman abin farauta, ciyar da mushe yana maye gurbin farautar dabbobi masu girma da ƙarfi. Da sannu a hankali sojojin suna barin farfajiyar marasa tsoro.
Launin zuriyar ya dogara ne da launin fatar iyayen. Black kittens suna da wuya, kamar yadda wasu suka danne kwayar halittar baki. Samun fitowar sabon ƙarni na baƙin fata masu shaƙuwa ana iya samarwa da kakanni ɗaya. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana aiwatar da ingantaccen kiwon dabbobi na masu farautar dabbobi a wuraren nurseries.
Yanayi yana haifar da kyawawan ƙawancen panthers ba sau da yawa. Tasirin mutum game da kiyaye irin wannan mu'ujizar abu ne wanda yake a bayyane. Duk a cikin almara da kuma rayuwa, ƙarfi da kyau sun yi nasara.
