Kiriket na tsuntsaye, fasalinsa, salon rayuwarsa da kuma mazauninsu

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Muna zaune a bakin kogin a maraice maraice na bazara, muna jin daɗin waƙar cicadas, kuma ba mu lura cewa ba yawanci kwari ne yake yi mana waƙa ba, amma tsuntsun kurket... Ta shahara ga wannan ainihin sautin.

Ana iya jin mawaƙi, ko kuma mawaƙin, a saman ruwa, amma yana da matukar wuya a gani. Mutum mai fuka-fukai yana da halin ɓoye, suturar sutura da wasu ƙarin sirri, godiya ga abin da ya kasance ba a sani ba. Bari mu duba wannan halittar da kyau.

Bayani da fasali

Crickets (Locustella) tsuntsaye ne daga tsarin wucewa. A baya can, sun kasance daga dangin Warbler, wanda suke kamanceceniya da juna. An ɗauke su a matsayin haraji na "shara", kuma daga baya aka raba su cikin wani gida na daban tare da warblers da nonon mahaifa. Duk wannan yana nuni da cewa a cikin kamanninsu suna kama da mutane da yawa.

Girman yana da ƙanƙan, kusan 12-16 cm, nauyi har zuwa 25 g. Yawan lullumin yawanci launin toka ne tare da launin ruwan kasa, wani lokacin ana wadatar da zaitun ko sautunan ocher. Suna da madaidaiciya, har ma, wutsiya mai faɗi, wani lokaci ana zagayeta a ƙarshen, wani lokacin kuma sukan taka. Babban kayan ado mafi yawan wakilai shine sikeli mai banƙyama a kan kai, wuya, baya da kuma murfin reshe.

Ya ƙunshi launuka masu tsayi daban-daban na duhu ko launi na gawayi, ya zama a bayyane a bayyane a jikin sama, kusa da ƙasan baya ya zama mara fa'ida da ƙasa da bambanci.

Abin sha'awa! Da kyar samari da 'yan mata suka banbanta, sai dai tsohon na da alamun haske "mai launi" a lokacin farin ciki na launuka masu launin ruwan kasa-kasa-kasa.

Bakin bakin yana da fadi a gindi, kuma yana da sassauƙa a ƙarshen. Setae a gindin baki ba ya nan. Daga fuka-fukan jirgin, na biyu da na uku sun fi tsayi.

Babban ingancin tsuntsaye shine taka tsantsan da ba kasafai ake samu ba. Kari akan haka, tsuntsu ne mai matukar birgewa da motsi. Wannan yana bayanin dalilin da yasa yake da wahalar ganinta a cikin manyan ganyaye, har ma da wahalar daukar hoto. Cricket na Bird a cikin hoton yawanci yakan zo yayin farautarsa ​​- yana duban ciyawa. Wataƙila a wannan lokacin tana shagaltar da abin da take so har ta tsallake aikin ɗaukar hoto.

Cricket tsuntsaye suna raira - waƙa kogi mai gunaguni, da karar ciyawa mai taushi, da kumfar iska a cikin ruwa. Yana bushewa, rustles, crackles kage. Wadannan sautuka likitoci ne suka ba da shawarar yin bacci mai kyau da lafiya.

Irin

Kwayar kwarkwata a halin yanzu ta hada da nau'in tsuntsaye guda 20. Daga cikin su akwai mazaunan ƙasashe da yawa da suka san su, kuma akwai kyawawan halaye a cikin wuri ɗaya kawai.

A cikin Rasha, zaku iya ganin waɗannan nau'ikan:

  • Kriket din kogi... Yana zaune babban yanki daga yammacin Siberia zuwa gabas ta Tsakiyar Turai. Babban samfurin, ya kai cm 16. An san shi da wutsiya mai zagaye. Lumbin yana dauke da sautin zaitun.

Yaran gawayi a kirji da wuya. Ciki - haske mai haske, mai duhu zuwa gefuna. Ya hada da a cikin wakarsa ba kakkauta sauti "zer-zer-zerr", kamar fara. Yana raira waƙa a tsayin 5-8 m, sa'annan ya faɗi ƙasa kamar dutse kuma ya ɓuya a cikin gandun daji masu yawa.

Saurari muryar kurket ɗin kogin:

  • Cricket mai haske... Girman ƙasa da 12 cm, nauyi kusan g 15. Launi ya fi cakulan fiye da launin toka. Duk an rufe su da tabo na baƙi. Ana samun launuka iri-iri masu launin soot a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren ciki mai haske.

Ya mamaye mafi yawan nahiyarmu daga arewa maso gabashin Turai, a duk faɗin Siberia, har zuwa tsibirin Japan. Ya tashi zuwa hunturu a Kudancin Asiya.

Kunna tsattsauran wasan kurket:

  • Kiriketin Nightingale... Birdaramin tsuntsu, har zuwa 14 cm a tsayi, nauyi - 15-22 g. Yayi kamanceceniya da talatainin dare. Abun hawa ba shi da kusan kwatancen motley. Kuma waƙar sa ita ce mafi wahala duka, ta ƙunshi trill da sauti iri-iri "kaska-kaska ... errr ... cyc, cyc, rami-rami". Yana faruwa a yankin daga yammacin Turai zuwa tsaunukan Ural. Winters a Afirka, yakan yi dogon tashi da dare.

Saurari muryar kurket din dare:

  • Waƙar kurket... Girman har zuwa 16 cm, yana zaune a arewacin Asiya. Winters a Kudancin Asiya. Yana raira waƙa da ƙarfi, mai ban tsoro, mai hankali. Shine wanda ake ajiyewa cikin farin ciki idan yayi sa'a ya kama shi.

Ji wakar wakar kurket:

  • Tsuntsaye wasan kurket na kowa - Mazaunin Turai, gida-gida a fadama, a filayen ciyawa da makiyaya. Karar sa ta "zirrr-zirr" ta yi kama da sautin wasan kurket ko ciyawar fure.

  • Taiga wasan kurket... Babban wakili na irinsa, kaɗan kawai cikin ƙarancin girma zuwa gwara. Yana faruwa daga kudu maso yammacin Siberia zuwa Koriya. An jela wutsiya, jiki yana tsawo. An jera shi a cikin Littafin Ja na yankin Tomsk. Yana rera waka da sanyin safiya lokacin wayewar gari.

Kunna wasan kurket taiga:

  • Okhotsk wasan kurket... Birdaramin tsuntsun da ba shi da rubutu ya mamaye arewacin Tatar Strait da kuma babban yankin Tekun Okhotsk, da Kamchatka, da Kuriles da Tsibirin Kwamanda. Winters a cikin Philippines, Borneo da Sulawesi.

  • Siberiya ta banbanta nono... Mazaunin Gabas ta Tsakiya da Gabashin Siberia. Waƙar tana kama da fashewa ko maɗaukakiyar watsawar ƙarfin lantarki "trz-trzzzz"

  • Breastananan nono mai tsini... Mazaunin kudu maso gabashin Siberia. A cikin plumage, an ƙara launuka masu launin ja-ja zuwa launuka masu launin toka. Wakar ta kunshi silala biyu "tzi ... tzi". Yayi waka safe da dare.

Kowane ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan an lura da su don suna da daban-daban waƙa. Amma sun haɗu tare da rashin bambance-bambancen jinsi mai ban sha'awa, ƙari, suna ba da kide kide kide da wake-wake ne kawai a magariba ko da daddare.

Abin sha'awa! Tsuntsayen Cricket galibi bawai kawai masu hankali bane amma kuma suna da hankali. Wasu mazan ba sa yin “waƙa” musamman kusa da gidansu, amma suna ƙoƙarin tashi.

Rayuwa da mazauni

Cikakkun tsuntsaye ne masu yin ƙaura. Suna yin gida a Turai ko Asiya, kuma a lokacin hunturu suna tashi zuwa ƙasashe masu zafi - zuwa nahiyar Afirka mai nisa ko zuwa ƙasashen Asiya ta kudu.

Jirgin yana da tsawo, wani lokacin yakan dauki watanni hudu ko fiye. A tsakiyar watan Afrilu, tsuntsayen suna bayyana a wurarensu na asali, a ƙarshen watan Agusta suna shirin tashi. Don haka ya bayyana cewa ba su daɗe ba a cikin ƙasar waje.

Rayuwa ita ce babban fasalin su. Sun dauki lokaci mai yawa a kasa, suna tafiya akan shi da sauri. Don zama mafi daidaito, waɗannan tsuntsayen suna tashi kaɗan da kaɗan, wanda baƙon abu ne ga masu wucewa. Amma a cikin ciyawa suna gudu da gwaninta suna ɓuya kamar ɓeraye, kuma suna tafiya da sauri cikin daji da tsire-tsire.

Babban abin da suka fi so shi ne su tsaya kusa da kogin, inda yake da danshi, ciyawar da ke da danshi, da itacen willow. Wasu gabaɗaya suna ƙoƙari su zauna a cikin ciyayi. Wani lokaci kuma akwai masu son wuraren bushewa, amma wannan ya zama banda ga dokar.

A cikin bauta, ba a cika kiyaye wannan tsuntsu, tunda yana da wahalar kama shi. Amma idan kun sami damar samun tsuntsu mai wasan kurket, ku samar masa da dan matsuguni a cikin keji, saka karamar bishiya. Zaku iya sanya karamin wanka da abin sha, yakamata a cika shi da ruwa mai tsafta.

Gina Jiki

Duk da cewa tsuntsu ya yi ihu kamar kurket, kwari, bayan wayanda suka samo sunanta, sune abincinsu. Tsuntsayen Cricket gaba daya suna da fuka-fuka masu kwari. Suna tsotse kwari, sauro, ƙwaro da kwarjininsu, ƙaramin mazari, rarrafe da kwari masu tsalle.

Sai kawai a cikin kaka suna ba da damar kansu don ƙara wasu 'ya'yan itace da tsaba a cikin menu, saboda yana da wuya tare da kwari. Tsuntsaye suna farauta mafi yawa a ƙasa, suna saurin kamawa kuma suna yin biris da abin da suka kama. Yana da muhimmanci mu kara anan cewa tsuntsaye suna da hangen nesa mai kaifi.

Yana da matukar wahala ka ga kwari masu launi iri daya a kan duhu, amma mafarautan sun jimre da wannan aikin. Idan tsuntsun yana zaune a kejin ku, cakudawar tsuntsayen kwari sun dace da abinci. Bugu da kari, kwari masu rai, kamar su tsutsar ciki, dole ne su kasance cikin abincin jariri.

Yanzu a shagunan dabbobi zaka iya siyan kyankyasai, fara da sauran kwarkwata. Wasu mutane suna sayen kwarkwa daga masu kiwon kudan zuma, yana da amfani ga tsuntsaye. Duk nau'ikan "kwari tsirara" za'a iya ciyar dasu cikin abincin. Bugu da kari, tsuntsayen suna farin cikin cinye butterflies kabeji.

A nan ƙwailar tururuwa ba ta buƙatar a ba su sau da yawa, suna iya zama rashin lafiyan wasu tsuntsaye. Mafi kyawun zaɓi kuma mai araha shine ciyawar ciyawa. Kwaro na iya daskarewa, kawai a ƙananan rabo, a lokaci guda.

Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai

Yawanci tsuntsayen sasantawa halittu ne masu auren mace daya. An halicci nau'i-nau'i nan da nan bayan isowa zuwa gidan nest. Gida ta kafu ne kai tsaye a ƙasa ko ƙasa a kan tushe na shuke-shuke ko reeds. Ana yin aikin musamman daga mata, musamman ba tare da wahalar da kanta da binciken kayan gini ba.

Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da gansakuka da ragowar tsire-tsire masu ciyawa. A cikin kama yawanci akwai ƙwai 4-6. Shiryawa yana ɗaukar kimanin makonni 2, tare da iyayen duka. Kajin da suka bayyana suma ana ciyar dasu tare.

Wasu 'yan makonni sun shude, kuma ƙananan tsuntsaye suna ta tashi daga cikin gida. A cikin bauta, tsuntsaye suna rayuwa kamar shekaru 4-5. Tsawon lokacin da suke rayuwa a cikin yanayin halitta har yanzu ba a san su sosai ba saboda sirrin su.

Hoton shine wasan kurket na tsuntsaye

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa.

  • Don hana tsuntsu yin nauyi a cikin keji, siya mata kananan kwari. Thearamin samfurin, ƙaramin mai da furotin da yake ƙunshe dashi, kuma mafi amfani chitin. Saboda haka, a guji siyan manya a duk lokacin da zai yiwu.
  • Locustella (Locustella) ... Ga waɗanda suka san ɗan tarihin kaɗan, sunan yana jin barazanar. Bayan haka, ya fito ne daga sunan babban mai guba na Daular Roman na ƙarni na 1 AD - Locusta. An zarge ta da manyan laifuka da yawa. Ta kirkiro dafin gwanaye masu kyau, sannan kuma ta dauki dan kanta dan samun kariya daga garesu. Saboda haka, kusan mawuyacin abu ne a sanya mata guba. Sunan mugunta ya tura sunan kwaron ƙaura mai ƙaura (Locusta migratoria), wanda ake ganin yana da komai kuma yana da wahalar wargaza shi. Kuma tuni daga fara, sunan ya yi ƙaura zuwa jarumtakarmu. Amma a nan sanannun sautunan ƙawancen suna aiki ne azaman fasalin fasali.

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