Tiger din Bengal (Latin Panthera tigris tigris ko Panthera tigris bengalensis) yanki ne na damisa na cikin umarnin Tsari, dangin Feline da na Panther. Bengal tigers sune dabbobin ƙasa na tarihin Bengal ko Bangladesh, da China da Indiya.
Bayanin damisa na Bengal
Wani fasalin keɓaɓɓen damisa na Bengal shine nau'in da za'a iya ja da shi, mai kaifi da kaifi masu tsayi, da kuma wutsiyar balaga da muƙamuƙai masu ƙarfi. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, mai farautar yana da kyakkyawar ji da gani, don haka irin wadannan dabbobin suna iya gani daidai koda a cikin duhu ne.... Tsayin tsalle na damisa mai girma shine 8-9 m, kuma saurin motsi a takaice ya kai 60 km / h. Manyan damisa na Bengal suna bacci na kimanin awanni goma sha bakwai a rana.
Bayyanar
Launin fur na damisa na Bengal ya fara daga rawaya zuwa lemu mai haske, kuma ratsi a jikin fata launin ruwan kasa ne masu duhu, cakulan mai duhu ko baƙi. Yankin ciki na dabba fari ne, kuma wutsiya kuma galibi fari ne, amma tare da haruffan baƙin haruffa. Canjin yanayi na nau'ikan Bengal, farin damisa, yana da alamun kasancewar launin ruwan duhu mai duhu ko launuka masu launin ja akan fari ko haske. Abu ne mai matukar wuya a ga fararen farar fata ba tare da ratsi a gashinsu ba.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Matsakaicin rikodin miji da aka kashe a arewacin Indiya ƙasa da ƙarni ɗaya da ya wuce ya kasance kilogiram 388.7. Zuwa yau, waɗannan sune mafi girman rajistar nauyi a yanayi tsakanin dukkanin sanannun nau'in damisa.
Matsakaicin tsayin jikin babban dodo Bengal da jela ya kai mita 2.7-3.3 ko kuma ya fi hakan, kuma na mace ya kai mita 2.40-2.65. Matsakaicin tsayin jelar ya kai mita 1.1 tare da tsayi a bushe tsakanin 90 -115 cm.Tigers na Bengal a halin yanzu suna da mafi girma canines na kowane sanannen feline. Tsawon su zai iya wuce 80-90 mm. Matsakaicin nauyin baligi baligi ya kai kilogiram 223-275, amma nauyin wasu, musamman manyan mutane, har ya kai kilogiram 300-320. Matsakaicin nauyin mace baligi ya kai kilogiram 139.7-135, kuma matsakaicin nauyinta ya kai kilo 193.
Salon rayuwa, hali
Dabbobin masu cin nama kamar su damisa na Bengal suna rayuwa galibi. Wasu lokuta, don takamaiman dalili, suna iya tattarawa cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi, gami da matsakaicin mutane uku ko huɗu. Kowane ɗa namiji yana kiyaye yankinsa da ƙarfi, kuma ana jin hargowar wani mai fushi da fushi ko da a nisan kilomita uku.
Bengal tigers ba dare ba rana, kuma da rana waɗannan dabbobin sun fi son samun ƙarfi da hutawa... Strongarfi da ƙarfi, mai saurin farauta wanda ke farauta da yamma ko wayewar gari, da ƙyar ya kasance ba tare da ganima ba.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Duk da girmansa mai ban sha'awa, Damisa ta Bengal a sauƙaƙe tana hawa bishiyoyi kuma tana hawa rassan, kuma tana yin iyo sosai kuma baya tsoron ruwa kwata-kwata.
Yankin wani yanki mai farauta ya mamaye yanki tsakanin kilomita 30-30002, kuma iyakokin wannan rukunin yanar gizo suna da alama ta musamman ta maza tare da najasar su, fitsarin su da kuma abinda ake kira "scratches". A wasu halaye, yankin na namiji daya yana hade da wasu mata da yawa, wadanda basu da iyaka.
Tsawon rayuwa
"Bengalis" sun fi son yanayin zafi da danshi wanda matsakaiciyar rayuwa kusan shekaru goma sha biyar. A cikin bauta, irin waɗannan dabbobi masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi masu ƙarfi suna rayuwa har zuwa kusan kusan rubu'in ƙarni.
Farin damisa
Babban abin sha'awa shi ne ƙaramar yawan farar bambancin damis ɗin Bengal (Panthera tigris tigris var. Alba), waɗanda masanan kimiyyar ƙasashen waje suka yi kiwonsu a matsayin ado ga wuraren shakatawa na dabbobi. A cikin daji, irin waɗannan mutane ba za su iya farauta a lokacin rani ba, saboda haka, kusan ba sa faruwa a cikin yanayin yanayi. Wasu lokuta fararen damisa waɗanda ke bayyana a cikin mazauninsu mutane ne da ke da nau'in maye gurbi. Irin wannan kalar da ba kasafai ake samunta ba masana sun bayyana ta fuskar rashin wadataccen abun launuka. Farin damisa ya bambanta da takwarorinsa tare da jan fata a cikin launin shuɗi mai ban mamaki na idanu.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Duk wasu nau'ikan damisa da aka sani zuwa yau, gami da damisa na Bengal, suna da launin fur wanda ya dace da dukkan sifofin wuraren zamansu. Nau'in da ke farautar ya yadu a cikin dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi, gandun daji na mangrove, savannas, a cikin wurare masu duwatsu da ke kusa da mita dubu uku a saman tekun.
Bengal damisa suna zaune a Pakistan da gabashin Iran, tsakiya da arewacin Indiya, Nepal da Bhutan, da Bangladesh da Myanmar. Ana samun dabbobin farautar wannan nau'in a cikin kusancin bakin kogin na Indus da Ganges, Rabbi da Satlij. Yawan irin wannan damisa bai wuce mutane dubu 2.5 ba, tare da yuwuwar faduwa. A yau, damisa ta Bengal tana cikin nau'ikan yawancin damisar damisa, kuma an gama da ita gaba ɗaya a Afghanistan.
Bengal tiger abinci
Manyan damisa na Bengal suna da ikon farauta da dabbobi, manya-manyan dabbobi, waɗanda ke wakiltar bakunan daji da barewa, barewa da dabbobin daji, awaki, buffalo da gauras, da matasa giwaye. Hakanan, damisa, jan kerkeci, diloli da dila, ba kadoji da yawa ba, galibi sukan zama ganima ga irin wannan mai farautar.
Damisa ba ta ƙin cin nau'ikan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, ciki har da kwadi, kifi, badgers da birai, kayan lambu da macizai, tsuntsaye, da kwari... Tigers ba sa ƙyamar kowace irin gawa ko kaɗan. Don cin abinci sau ɗaya, damisa mai girma Bengal yana sha kusan kilo 35-40 na nama, amma bayan irin wannan "biki" dabbar da ke farauta za ta iya yin yunwa na kusan makonni uku.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ya kamata a sani cewa damisa na Bengal ba sa cin zomo da kifi, yayin da mata na wannan nau'in, akasin haka, da yardar rai suna cin irin wannan abincin.
Damisa na Bengal suna da haƙuri sosai, suna iya kallon abin da suke farauta na dogon lokaci kuma zaɓi lokacin da ya dace don yanke hukunci da ƙarfi, jifa mai haɗari. Damisa ta Bengal ce ta kashe wanda aka zaɓa a cikin aikin maƙogwaro ko ta hanyar ɓarkewar kashin baya. Hakanan akwai sanannun lokuta lokacin da dabba mai farauta daga wannan nau'in ta afkawa mutane. Igananan tigers na ganima suna kashewa tare da cizo a wuya. Bayan kashewa, ana tura ganimar zuwa wuri mafi aminci, inda ake gudanar da abinci mai nutsuwa.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Mata na damisa na Bengal sun isa balaga ta shekaru uku zuwa huɗu, kuma mazan suna balaga ne kawai da shekaru huɗu zuwa biyar. Damisa na maza suna saduwa da mata kawai a yankin su. Namiji da ya manyanta na jima’i yakan kasance tare da mace a duk tsawon lokacin zagayen, wanda zai ɗauki kwanaki 20-80. Bugu da ƙari, matsakaiciyar adadin lokacin tasirin jima'i bai wuce kwanaki 3-7 ba. Nan da nan bayan tsarin saduwar aure, namiji koyaushe yakan dawo zuwa ga makircinsa, saboda haka baya shiga cikin kiwon zuriya. Duk da cewa lokacin kiwo yana nan duk tsawon shekara, ya kai kololu tsakanin Nuwamba zuwa Afrilu.
Lokacin cikar damisa na Bengal kusan kwanaki 98-110 ne, bayan haka ana haihuwar kittens biyu zuwa hudu. Wani lokaci akan sami twan tagwaye damisa a cikin zuriyar dabbobi. Matsakaicin nauyin kyanwa ya kasance 900-1300 g. Sabbin kuruciya jarirai makafi ne kwata-kwata kuma basu da komai, saboda haka suna tsananin buƙatar kulawa ta uwa da kariya. Nono a mace yana kaiwa tsawon watanni biyu, bayan haka uwar a hankali zata fara ciyar da yaranta da nama.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Duk da cewa tun daga shekara goma sha ɗaya, 'ya' yan suna da ikon farauta da kansu, suna ƙoƙari su kasance tare da mahaifiyarsu har zuwa shekara ɗaya da rabi, wani lokacin ma har shekaru uku.
Yaran damisa na Bengal suna da ban sha'awa sosai kuma suna da ban sha'awa... A shekara ɗaya, samari damisa na iya kashe ƙaramar dabba da kansu. Samun yanayi mai ban tsoro, cuban ƙaramin san ƙarami suna da daɗin ganimar zaki da kuraye. Arfafawa da girma daga maza masu damisa suna barin "gidan mahaifinsu" don ƙirƙirar yankinsu, yayin da mata suka gwammace su zauna a yankin mahaifiyarsu.
Makiya na halitta
Bengal tigers ba su da wasu makiya a yanayi.... Giwaye, bauna da kuma karkanda ba sa farautar damisa da gangan, don haka mai farauta zai iya zama farautar su ne kwatsam. Babban makiyin "Bengalis" shine mutanen da suke baiwa kasusuwan mai farauta da kayan warkarwa da amfani dasu a madadin maganin. Ana amfani da naman damisa na Bengal sau da yawa don shirya jita-jita daban-daban, kuma ana bukatar ƙwanƙwasa, vibrissae da fangs wajen yin layya.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Bengal tigers suna cikin IUCN Red Data Book a matsayin jinsin da ke cikin haɗari, haka kuma a cikin CITES Convention. A yau, akwai kusan 3250-4700 damisa na Bengal a doron ƙasa, gami da dabbobin da ke zaune a wuraren shakatawar dabbobi kuma ana ajiye su a cikin da'irori. Babban barazanar da ake wa jinsunan sune farauta da lalata mahalli na wakilan Feline da kuma jinsin Panther.
