Demodectic mange a cikin karnuka - lalacewar dabba ta mites na ƙwayoyin cuta na Demodex. Zasu iya kasancewa cikin iyakantattun yawa a cikin dabbobi masu ƙoshin lafiya. Amma tare da raguwar rigakafi, yawan ƙwayoyin kwari na ƙaruwa, cutar mawuyacin hali na faruwa.
Bayani da siffofin cutar
Likitocin dabbobi na ƙarni na 19 sun ambaci demodicosis a matsayin nau'i na musamman na scabies. An gano sanadarin cutar ne a cikin 1841, a cikin 1843 sai aka shigar da jinsi irin na Demodex ticks a cikin sifar nazarin halittu, a cikin dangin masu cizon yatsa.
A yanzu haka, an gano aƙalla nau'ikan ƙwayoyi 143 na cukurkudadden ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda suka zaɓi dabbobi daban-daban a matsayin masu masauki. Kowane nau'in Demodex ana niyya ne ga takamaiman dako kuma ba za a iya watsa shi ba, misali, daga cat zuwa kare ko akasin haka.
Demodectic canine cuta rarraba kan dukkan nahiyoyi, a cikin duk ƙasashe. A cikin karnuka, yana faruwa a cikin yanayin kumburin fata da hyperkeratosis. Dalilin demodicosis shine cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na thrombidiform Demodex canis. Kusan ba a sani ba, ana gano wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan biyu da ke shafar karnuka - Demodex injai, wanda ke rayuwa a bayanta ta fuskar seborrhea, da kuma Demodex cornei, wanda yake a jikin fatar.
Mites demodex mites sune arachnids 0.3-0.4 mm a cikin girman. Suna da oval, daɗaɗɗen gangar jiki da ƙafafu 4 ƙafafu waɗanda suke a gaban jiki. Suna zaune ne a cikin gashin gashi, inda suke cin abinci akan kwayoyin epithelial.
Kasancewa cikin mahalli na waje, kwari masu cutar parasitic suna saurin mutuwa. Dukkanin zagayen rayuwa na iya wucewa a jikin kare ne kawai. Da yawa daga cikin mutane akwai ba a bayyane ba, amma matakan ci gaba daga kwai zuwa imago (ƙwarin manya) ƙwanƙwasa ya wuce cikin kwanaki 24-30. Bakin gashi ba shine kawai mazaunin waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta ba. Ana samun su a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph, gland, da gabobin ciki.
Siffofin cutar
Rarrabe 2 siffofin canine demodicosis:
- Mai sauƙi, na gida ko na gida.
Yana da halin kasancewar wurare da yawa (ba su wuce 5) iyakantattun wurare na fata da cutar ta shafa ba.
- Janar ko gama gari
Ana gano wannan nau'in cutar yayin da yankuna 6 ko sama da haka na fata suka shafi kuma kowane ɓangare na jiki ya lalace gaba ɗaya. Babban nau'in da ke shafar babban kare bashi da warkewa. Bayan murmurewa, yiwuwar sake dawowa ya yi yawa.
Nau'in gida sau da yawa yakan taso cikin ƙananan dabbobi. Yana shafar maza da macizai na dukkan nau'ikan halittu daidai. Cutar ba ta da wani tasiri a kan yanayin rayuwar dabbobi gabaɗaya, ana iyakance shi da canje-canje a cikin gashi da fata.
Bayan wani lokaci (watanni 2-4), alamun cutar sun ɓace koda kuwa ba tare da magani ba. Irin wannan bayyanarwar cikin gida na gajeren lokaci na demodicosis, mafi yawan lokuta, shine martani ga damuwa ko wasu abubuwan da ke rage rigakafin kare.
Nau'in gida na cutar ya fara bayyana kansa yayin da siririn gashi a gefen fatar ido - ya fara demodicosis na idanu a cikin karnuka. Gefen da ke kusa da leben dabbar ya ɓace. A ƙafafun gaba, wurare suna kama da murfin ulu. Kashi 10% na dabbobin da suka kamu da cutar ba za su iya jimre wa cutar ba - acariasis ta zama gama gari.
Babban nau'in cutar na iya faruwa ba tare da shiga matakan tafiyar gida ba. Dogaro da shekarun kare, an rarraba nau'ikan nau'ikan gida biyu:
- Nau'in yara - yana nufin karnuka 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 3. Hangen nesa don magani yana da kyau. Yawancin karnuka suna warkar da kansu ba tare da magani ba.
- Nau'in manya - yana nufin batun rashin lafiya a cikin tsofaffin karnuka. Demodecosis yana tare da sauye-sauyen cututtukan cututtukan da suka taso a cikin jiki: ciwon daji, cututtukan endocrin, guba da ƙwayoyi, da sauransu.
Bayyanar cutar acariasis tun yana karami yana nuna kwayar halittar wata dabba ga cutar. A cikin kiwo na karnukan, irin wannan dabba ana jifa, ana yin ta da bakinta don dakile dabi'un gado zuwa demodicosis. Wannan ita ce kadai hanya don rage yuwuwar zuriya, wanda zai kamu da rashin lafiya mai cutar kasusuwa.
Tare da nau'in cutar gabaɗaya, rufaffiyar hanya, muguwar da'ira ta auku. Kwayar garkuwar dabba bata aiki. Icksanƙara da ba sa fuskantar juriya daga jiki sun fara ninka, suna ciyarwa a hankali, suna kuma sakin ƙarin dafi.
Jikin dabba mai gida ya yi rauni. Mites na parasitic sun fara shiga cikin jini kuma suna shafar gabobin ciki na kare. Tsarin rigakafi ya ƙare. Tickets da ke haɗuwa da ƙasa da ƙananan juriya suna ninka har ma da ƙarfi. A ƙarshe, cachexia ya shiga kuma kare ya mutu.
Kare yana yin kiwo ne da cutar
Babu wani bambancin jinsi da aka samo a cikin yanayin karnuka zuwa demodicosis. Macizai da maza suna yin rashin lafiya tare da mita iri ɗaya. Lokacin hunturu na kusan rabin (47%) na dukkan shari'oin farawar demodicosis, kashi 41% na karnuka suna rashin lafiya a lokacin bazara, 8% a lokacin bazara, da kuma kashi 4% a lokacin bazara.
Likitocin dabbobi daga kasashe daban-daban sun gudanar da bincike da yawa game da yaduwar cutar acariasis a tsakanin dabbobi na nau'ikan halittu daban-daban. Ya zama cewa karnukan mongrel ba sa yin rashin lafiya sau da yawa kamar karnuka masu asali.
Dogsananan gajeren karnuka sune kashi 60% na marasa lafiya na asibitin dabbobi tare da cutar demodicosis. Dogon lokaci - 40%. Wannan ba shi da alaƙa da tsayin gashi, amma tare da ingantaccen ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta na jinsi a cikin nau'in da gajeren gashi.
Doctors a asibitin dabbobi na Dresden sun rarraba nau'in gwargwadon matsayin mai saukin kamuwa da cutar acariasis. Fox Terriers, Rottweilers, Miniature Pinschers sun fara jerin. Isharshe - schnauzers, airedale terriers, mastiffs.
Masanan dabbobi na Rasha suna ba da irin wannan bayanan: Rottweilers suna iya yin rashin lafiya, sau da yawa bulldogs da mastiffs. Shakka babu game da wata hujja guda daya: karnuka sun kamu da cutar, wanda a asalinsu akwai dabbobin da suka kamu da cutar demodicosis.
Kwayar cututtuka
A matakin farko, bayyanar cututtukan waje a cikin sauki da gamammen sifofin cutar iri daya ne. Demodectic mange a cikin karnuka a cikin hoton ya bayyana kamar alopecia. Yankunan da abin ya shafa ba su da gashi: gabaɗaya a cikin cibiyar, wani ɓangare - a kan kewayen abubuwan da aka mayar da hankali. Ragowar gashin gajere ne kuma mai taushi. Fata fata, ya zama ja, ya zama mai kumburi, an kafa comedones.
Tare da nau'in cutar gabaɗaya, ana jin hatimi a cikin kaurin fata. Sau da yawa akwai kamuwa da cuta mai haɗari - pyodemodecose. Pyoderma na iya zama a cikin sifar folliculitis ko furunculosis. Pyoderma mai zurfi na iya zama tare da septicemia.
'Yan ta'adda, musamman masu farauta, ba za su sami asarar gashi a wuraren da abin ya shafa ba. Madadin haka, fatar da gashin suna zama mai. Sauran cututtukan ba su bambanta da na wasu nau'o'in ba.
Baya ga faruwar lalacewar gida, na gaba matakai na demodicosis a cikin karnuka akwai canje-canje na gaba ɗaya a cikin ulu da fata. An yayyafa ulu da sikeli na epidermis, ya zama disheve, fades, gashi ya fadi.
Shan kashin kafafu galibi ana rarrabe shi azaman tsari mai zaman kansa kuma ana kiransa pododemodecosis. Kare ya fara ramewa: fatar jikin yatsu tana wahala, fistulas sun bayyana. Cutar da aka gano a jikin ƙafafun dabba ba ta da magani sosai kamar tsari akan sauran sassan jiki.
Matsaloli a tabbatar da ganewar asali yawanci ba sa tashi. Zuwa bayanan anamnesis da hoton asibiti, an haɗa gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje. Saboda wannan, ana yin gogewa, inda suke ƙoƙarin gano matattu ko rayayyun ƙwayoyin kwari. Lokacin kafa ganewar asali, ya zama dole a bambanta demodicosis daga cututtuka iri ɗaya. Wadannan sun hada da:
- Ciwon kunne a cikin karnuka. An tsara shi a kan auricles na dabba, wanda shine abin da ya bambanta da demodicosis.
- Sarcoptic mange a cikin karnuka. An bayyana shi da tsananin ƙaiƙayi. Cizon ƙananan ƙananan Sarcoptes, wanda ke haifar da wannan cuta, ya bambanta cikin sifa daga canjin Demodexa.
- Cutar scabies na dabbobi masu cin nama. Wakilin wannan cuta, Notoedres cati, yana da jiki zagaye. Papules da vesicles waɗanda ke faruwa tare da scabies na kai ba halayyar demodicosis bane.
- Microsporia da trichophytosis. Wannan cututtukan fungal suna da sifofin raunuka na sutura.
- Dystrophy, halayen rashin lafiyan da cututtukan cututtuka suna da wasu alamun acariasis: asarar gashi, raunin fata. Babban hoto yana basu damar rarrabewa daga demodicosis.
Yayin da kake murmurewa bayyanar cututtuka na demodicosis a cikin karnuka fara kode. Adadin fatar da aka fitar da fata ya ragu. Gashi ya daina faɗuwa, babban yanayin murfin ya inganta, suturar ta fara haske, wuraren da gashin da suka ɓace sun yi girma.
Yankunan da cutar ta shafa na fata sun rabu a cikin ɓawon ɓawon burodi. A cikin karen da aka dawo da shi, wuraren da gashin ya fadi sun cika da gashi mai kauri, fatar da ke karkashinta ta zama kamar saurayi, kodadde ruwan hoda, mai lafiya. Duk alamun dandruff sun tafi.
Hanyoyin kamuwa da cuta
Suturar, ba tare da la'akari da tsawonta ba, tana hana ƙwayoyin cizon sauro yin ƙaura daga wata dabba zuwa wata. Puan kwikwiyo ba su da irin wannan murfin tun suna ƙuruciya. Macen tana da raƙuman gashi a yankin kan nono. Sabili da haka, har zuwa watanni uku, puan kwikwiyo suna da kowace dama ta karɓar mites Demodex daga mahaifiyarsu yayin ciyarwa.
Demodectic mange a cikin karnuka yana yaduwaamma yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta a cikin babban kare ba shi da girma. Don ƙaura daga cakulkuli, kusanci dole ne ya kasance tsakanin sassan jikin mara gashi. Hakan ba safai yake faruwa a rayuwar yau da kullun ba.
Jiyya
Tare da fom na gida maganin demodicosis a cikin karnuka baya buƙatar maganin ƙwayoyi. Ya isa a wanke kare da shamfu, tare da ƙari na benzoyl peroxide, da ƙara haɓakar bitamin a cikin abincin dabba.
Siffar gama gari na faruwa ne gaba da bayan wata cuta. Babban kokarin ana nufin kawar da cutar ta farko wacce ta haifar da gazawar garkuwar jiki a cikin kare.
Magunguna don maganin demodicosis a cikin karnuka:
- Amitraz. Hanyar maganin wannan magani na 0.025% ana amfani da shi ne a gaba ɗayan jikin dabbar, ba kawai ga wuraren da abin ya shafa ba. Ana aiwatar da aikin sau ɗaya kowane mako 2. Solutionarin bayani mai mahimmanci, ana amfani dashi sau ɗaya a mako, na iya hanzarta murmurewa, amma yiwuwar tasirin illa da halayen rashin lafia yana ƙaruwa.
- Ivermectin. Yawan cin 0.3-0.6 mg / kg a kullun yana warkar da dabbar cikin watanni 4. Akwai nau'ikan da ke shan wannan magani da kyau. Misali: collie, Ingilishi da karnukan makiyaya na Australiya da Australiya. Sauran magunguna an rubuta su don waɗannan dabbobi. Wasu mutane suna da matukar damuwa da ivermectin. Sabili da haka, yawancin farawa na miyagun ƙwayoyi yawanci ana rage shi zuwa 0.1 mg / kg.
- Moxidectin. Wannan magani yana da 'yan sakamako masu illa. Cin abinci na yau da kullun 0.2-0.4 mg / kg zai warkar da dabbar.
- Milbemycin oxime. Ana shan shi da baki kowace rana 0.5-2 mg / kg. Magungunan sau da yawa maye gurbin ivermectin a cikin karnuka waɗanda ba za su iya jure shi ba.
- Akwai sauran alluran rigakafi da magunguna don maganin cutar demodicosis. Misali: Lauyan Bayer. Gwajin ya nuna cewa magungunan sun cimma burin su a cikin 80% na lokuta.
Rigakafin
Don dalilai masu kariya, likitocin dabbobi sun ba da shawarar kula da kwikwiyoyin kwikwiyo tare da maganin ivomek a nauyin 200 μg / kg. Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi kusan mako guda kafin haihuwar zuriyar. Bugu da kari, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da abin wuya na acaricidal (anti-mite).
An ba da shawarar prophylactically:
- Yi nazarin kare a asibitin dabbobi. Ba tare da la'akari da yanayin dabbar ba, wannan ya kamata a yi aƙalla sau ɗaya a kowane watanni uku.
- Yi nazarin karnuka sosai kafin jima'i.
- Sau ɗaya a wata, amfani da ruwan zafi don tsabtace wurin hutawar kare.
- Kar ka bari karnuka su yi magana da dabbobin da suka bata.
- Karnuka tare da nau'ikan tsarin demodicosis ya kamata a tsinkaye su kuma su rayu.
Shin kare mara lafiya zai iya kamuwa da mutum?
Mutane suna kewaye da dabbobi koyaushe waɗanda ke ɗauke da kaska na Demodex. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta suna da fasali ɗaya: kowane nau'in kaska an keɓe shi ga mai shi kuma ba a yada shi daga dabba zuwa mutum. Wato, kare mara lafiya na iya zama tare da mutum da kyau.
Jinsinsu na Demodex ne kawai ke rayuwa akan jikin mutum - waɗannan sune folliculorum, longissimus da brevis. Cikakken mai cikakkiyar lafiya na iya samun adadin waɗannan kwari. Raguwa a cikin rigakafi na iya haifar da demodicosis, wanda yake sananne sosai akan fuska.
