Duniyar duniya tana da wadataccen tsari da kuma juzu'i. Wani ɗan layi ne mai sauƙi wanda ya manta da karatun makaranta a fannin ilimin ƙasa da ilimin dabbobi, tambayar wasa: me yasa polar bears bata cin penguins, - na iya rikicewa. Shin mai farauta ba zai iya kama ganima ba? Tsuntsaye marasa dadi?
Matasa masu son dabbobi, waɗanda aka haifa a cikin zane-zanen zane da bidiyo akan Intanet, inda jarumai a cikin nau'ikan dabbobi ke raira waƙa, rawa, wasa, da azanci suna ɗauka cewa bera baya cin penguins, tunda su abokai ne. Taya zaka ci aboki?
Zai zama alama cewa an san da yawa game da sanannun mazaunan yankuna masu tsananin zafi. Sirrin da yasa beyar bera baya cin penguins abin birgewa ta yadda zaka iya tuna fasalin halaye da mazaunin kowace dabba. Sun cancanci hakan.
Polar bear
Belar (polar) itace ɗayan manyan wakilan dabbobi masu shayarwa a duniya, na biyu zuwa girman giwa tsakanin mazaunan ƙasar da kuma kifi whale a cikin duniyar ruwa. Tsawon mai farautar ya kai kimanin mita 3, tsayinsa ya kai kimanin 130-150 cm, yawan ya kai tan 1.
Ba kowa ya san daki-daki mai ban sha'awa ba - an fentin fatar belar baƙar fata. Wannan yana taimakawa dumi a rana cikin ɗacin sanyi. Gashi mai gashi bata da launi, wani lokacin yakan zama rawaya daga haske mai haske.
Tsarin gashin ulu yana da cewa suna watsa hasken ultraviolet ne kawai, don haka yana samar da halayen rufin zafin na fur din. Abin sha'awa, beyar na iya zama kore a gidan zoo yayin zafin rana - ƙananan algae sun bayyana a cikin gashin gashin.
Gwanin polar yana zaune a cikin yankuna na polar, yankuna na hamadar arctic, yankuna tundra ne kawai a arewacin arewacin duniya.
Alamomin ringi, walruses, like, gemu na gemu da sauran dabbobi sun zama ganima ta mai karfi mai farauta. Farautar Bear ko'ina: a filayen dusar ƙanƙara, a cikin ruwa, kan dusar kankara a cikin teku. Ilitywarewa, ƙarfi da sassauci sun ba shi damar yin kifi, duk da cewa ba ta cin nasara a cikin abincin sa.
Ya kasance mai zaɓaɓɓe a cikin abinci: ya fi son fata da kitse a cikin manyan dabbobi, sauran - don ciyar da tsuntsaye da masu shara. Ya ci 'ya'yan itace, gansakuka, qwai da nestlings.
A cikin canjin yanayin da aka canza zai iya zama da wahala ga beyar ta sami "abinci mai daɗi", to dabbobin ƙasar sun bayyana a cikin abincin - barewa, geese, lemmings. Hakanan ɗakunan ajiya da shara na iya jawo hankalin beyar lokacin da suke tsananin yunwa.
Migaura daga lokacin lokaci ya dogara da iyakokin kankara - a lokacin sanyi, masu farauta sukan shiga yankin, kuma a lokacin bazara su koma kan dokin. A cikin Arctic, wani layin mai a karkashin fata, mai kauri 10 cm, yana ceton beyar daga tsananin sanyi da iska mai iska.
Arctic da Antarctic, Antarctica
Sau da yawa, 'yan makaranta da manya suna rikita waɗannan ra'ayoyin. Abin lura ne cewa sunan Arctic, wanda aka fassara shi a zahiri daga Girkanci, yana nufin "kai". Sirrin ya ta'allaka ne da wurin da yankin yake karkashin gungun taurari Ursa Major da Ursa Minor, manyan wuraren tarihi na Arewa Pole Star. Arctic ya haɗu da gabar Tekun Arctic tare da tsibirai, wani ɓangare na Asiya, Amurka, da Turai. Theasar beyar tana kusa da sandar arewa.
Antarctica a zahiri yana nufin "akasin Arctic". Wannan babban yanki ne na yankin polar ta kudu, wanda ya hada da babban yankin Antarctica, yankunan bakin teku tare da tsibirin tekuna uku: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian. Yanayin yanayi a latti na Antarctic ya fi tsanani. Matsakaicin zafin jiki ya debe 49 ° С.
Idan muka ɗauka cewa beyar polar za ta matsa zuwa ɗayan sandar duniyar, to, ba za a iya hango makomarsu ba. Kusan ba zai yuwu mu rayu cikin yanayin ƙarancin yanayi ba, inda aka keɓe farautar fararen beyar kusa da ramin kankara. Kaurin kankara a Antarctica yana da ɗaruruwan mita, a cikin Arctic - kimanin mita ɗaya kaɗai.
Ba a daidaita fauna na Pole ta Kudu zuwa unguwa tare da babban mai farauta. Yawancin jinsuna zasu lalace gaba ɗaya. Daga cikin na farko tare da irin wannan ƙaddarar za a sami penguins da ke zaune a sararin samaniyar Antarctic.
Bambancin duniyar dabbobi a Pole ta Kudu ya fi wadatattun arewacin wadata. An gabatar da dokar hana farauta, kamun kifi da duk wani aikin tattalin arziki a nan.
Abin sha'awa, Antarctica ba ta kowace jiha ba, akasin Arctic, wanda aka raba tsakanin Norway, Denmark, Amurka, Kanada da Rasha. Ana iya la'akari da cewa Pole ta Kudu ita ce "masarauta" ta penguins, waɗanda ke da cikakken wakilcinsu.
Penguins
Mazaunin tsuntsayen da ba su da jirgin sama shine bakin tekun Antarctica, yankin ƙarshen ƙarshen ƙarshen ,asar, tare da manyan kankara, tsibirai. Kyawawan halittu na yanayi suna iyo da kyau, hangen nesa ya zama mai kaifi ƙarƙashin ruwa fiye da ƙasa, kuma fikafikan suna kama da juyawa zuwa flippers.
Yayin iyo, suna juyawa kamar sukurori, godiya ga haɗin gwiwa. Gudun masu iyo kusan 10 km / h. Yin ruwa a ƙarƙashin ruwa na mita ɗari da yawa yana ɗaukar mintuna 18. Suna da damar yin tsalle a saman kamar dolphins. Wannan damar wani lokacin takan ceci rayukansu.
A kan ƙasa, penguins waddle, suna motsawa a hankali bayan fukafukai da ƙafafunsu sun tura su - suna zamewa a kan kankara kankara.
Hanyoyi uku na gashin fuka-fukai da ratar iska tsakanin su na kare tsuntsayen daga sanyi. Bugu da kari, Launin mai mai tsawon 3 cm shima ya zama kariya daga sanyi.
Cincin penguins ya mamaye kifi: sardines, anchovies, dokin mackerel. Bukatar adadin abinci daidai yake sanya su nutsarwa koyaushe a ƙarƙashin ruwa. A lokacin rana, farautar farauta suna faruwa daga sau 300 zuwa 900.
Tsuntsaye suna da isassun makiya a cikin zurfin teku da kuma saman kankara madawwami. Idan a karkashin penguins na ruwa sun tsere ko da daga sharks, to a kan ƙasa yana da wahala a gare su su kuɓuta daga dila, diloli, kuraye, da sauran maharan.
Yawancin masu farauta suna mafarkin cin abincin penguins, amma babu giya maras ƙarfi a cikin jerin. Ba za su iya yin hakan ba. Dabbobi sun rabu da babbar tazara tsakanin bangarorin duniya daban-daban - hakane me yasa polar bear bata cin penguins.
Yanayi na yau da kullun baya fuskantar tsuntsaye tare da manyan sarakuna na hamada mai dusar ƙanƙara. Zasu iya kallon juna kawai a cikin gidan zoo, amma ba a cikin namun daji ba.
Abin da ya raba kuma ya kawo bears da penguins tare
Madawwami kankara, kankara, dusar ƙanƙara, tsananin sanyi na wuraren iyakacin duniya sun haɗu cikin zukatan mutane waɗancan dabbobi masu ban mamaki waɗanda zasu iya zama cikin wannan kyakkyawar duniyar mai wahala. Ba wanda ya yi mamakin lokacin da a cikin zane mai ban dariya, a cikin zane a cikin littattafan yara, beyar da belar da penguins suna tare a tsakanin filayen dusar ƙanƙara. Suna kiyaye dumi da kuzarin rayuwa a wuraren shiru da wurare marasa iyaka.
Babu wanda ya san yadda alaƙar su za ta bunkasa idan suna kan yanki ɗaya. Amma ya zuwa yanzu, dabbobin polar suna sarauta ne kawai a arewacin arewacin, kuma penguins, bi da bi, na musamman a kudanci. Abin ban mamaki ne cewa beyar beyar ba ta cin penguins!
