Alamar rai. Wannan shine yadda tsoffin Masarawa suka hango shaho. Fassarar tana da alaƙa da babban, saurin tashiwar tsuntsu. A cikin hasken rana, ta zama kamar wata halitta ce mai saurin zuwa sama.
Sabili da haka, rayukan Masarawa da aka mutu suna cikin sifar shaho da kawunan mutane. Ana samun irin zane a sarcophagi. Sannan babu rarrabuwa na ungulu zuwa jinsuna. Masu lura da tsuntsaye na zamani sun kirga 47. Daya daga cikinsu - sparrowhawk.
Bayani da siffofin sparrowhawk
Sparrowhawk a cikin hotunan yayi kama da goshawks. A dabi'a, tsuntsaye ba za su iya rikicewa ba. Goshawk da sparrowhawk a kan hoto ze zama girman daya. Ta hanyar zaɓar abun da ke ciki, zaku iya "sanya" gwarzon labarin har ma fiye da dangi. Koyaya, a zahiri, sparrowhawk yana da nauyin da bai wuce gram 300 ba, kuma yana da tsawon centimita 40.
Goshawk babban shaho ne mai nauyin kilogram 1.5. Tsayin tsuntsun yakai santimita 70.
Idan kun lura da kyau, jarumin labarin yana da doguwar ƙafa da yatsu, ba shakka, gwargwadon nauyi da girman shaho. Bugu da kari, sparrowhawk ya fi goshawk tsada.
Launin jarumin labarin shine launin toka-ruwan kasa. Ciki fari ne da alamun launin toka-ocher da ke gudana tare da shi. A wasu lokuta da ba kasafai ake samun su ba, ana samun fararen shaho. Suna zaune a yankunan Siberia. A can, kamar yadda a wasu yankuna, shaho ke farautar farauta.
Sparrowhawk baya farautar dabbobin da suka raunana kuma, ƙari ma, baya cin mushe. Shaho yana da sha'awar ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ganimar lafiya. Saboda haka, a tsakiyar zamanai, an yiwa sunan tsuntsu alamar rashin tausayi.
Wani lokaci jarumin labarin ana kiransa da dabara, saboda yana iya kaiwa hari daga kwanton bauna. Koyaya, a mafi yawan lokuta, sparrowhawk yana wakiltar hankali. Tsuntsu yana da sauƙin natsuwa da horo. Sabili da haka, falconry ya kasance mai dacewa. Ana ɗaukar Sparrowhawks akan shi saboda kare lafiyar matsakaici. Tsuntsu kansa ƙarami ne, ba zai iya samun manyan kofuna ba.
Rayuwa da mazauni
Sparrowhawk - tsuntsu makiyaya, amma ba ƙaura ba. Kasancewarsu cikin ƙasarsu a lokacin sanyi, shaho yakan yi '' maci '' don neman abinci. Don neman farin ciki iri ɗaya, koyaushe tsuntsaye suna komawa yanki ɗaya. Anan suka gina gida da zuriya.
Don zama na dindindin, sparrowhawk yana zaɓar gefuna. Waɗannan na iya zama gefen wani gandun daji kusa da filaye, tafkunan ruwa, hanyoyi. Kasancewar conifers a nan kusa yana da mahimmanci. Gwarzo na labarin ya ƙi kula da dazuzzuka na yanke bishiyoyi.
Gwarzo na labarin yana jagorancin rayuwar yau da kullun. Ba rashin jin daɗin hanyoyi ba, tsuntsu baya jin tsoron birane. Sparrowhawks sau da yawa suna hibernate kusa da su. Akwai kayan aiki da yawa a ƙauyuka. Wadannan sune gwara, bera, da kaji.
Don kasancewa kusa da su, shaho wasu lokuta suna biyan rayukansu, suna buga sauri akan wayoyi ko gilashin gidaje. A karshen, tsuntsayen suna nutso, suna son samun aku da sauran dabbobin da ke tsaye a kan tagogin windows. Cages tare da su galibi suna kusa da windows. Sparrowhawks ba sa hango abubuwan da ke hana ruwa gudu a matsayin cikas, ba sa lura da su.
Nau'in Sparrowhawk
Sparrowhawk bashi da rarar ragowa. Gwarzo na labarin kansa ƙungiyoyi ne na shaho. Koyaya, mutanen sparrowhawks na iya bambanta ƙwarai dangane da bayanan waje. Wasu duhu ne kuma manya, wasu kanana da haske. Waɗannan ba nau'ikan rabe-rabbe bane, amma mata da maza. A cikin sparrowhawk, an bayyana abin da ake kira dimorphism na jima'i.
Wasu masu lura da tsuntsaye sun banbanta shi azaman rabe-raben yanki karamin sparrowhawk... Shi, ba kamar yadda aka saba ba, ƙaura da kuma maimakon conifers ya fi son gandun daji masu daɗi. Yawan masu farautar sun fi yawa ne a kudancin Primorye.
Sauran sparrowhawks an rarraba a ko'ina cikin ƙasar. Maimakon gram 300, tsuntsun yana da nauyin gram 200.
A launi da bayyana, ƙaramin sparrowhawk yayi kama da wanda aka saba dashi. In ba haka ba, ana kiran nau'in Siberian, saboda nisansa daga iyakokin yamma na Rasha.
Sparrowhawk abinci
Gwarzo na labarin yana da suna mai fada. Mai farauta yana farautar kwarto. Koyaya, abincin ya hada da sauran ƙananan tsuntsaye kamar su gwara. Sparrowhawk, ta hanyar, ana ɗaukarsa babban abin da ke daidaita lambobinsu a cikin birane da cikin daji.
A cikin faratan shaho za'a iya samun finchi, thrushes, larks, titmouses. Wani lokaci jarumin labarin ya kuskura ya afkawa tattabarai, musamman matasa.
Hare-haren gaggawa na shaho suna buƙatar matsin lamba na ƙarfi, motsi. Mai farauta yana tafiya gaba ɗaya ta hanyar "kusanci". Idan ya kasa kama abin da aka sa masa, shaho ya ƙi cim ma shi. Sparrowhawk ya koma yin kwanton bauna, yana jiran sabon wanda aka azabtar.
Hawks suna farauta cikin nutsuwa. Ana jin muryar tsuntsu ne kawai a cikin bazara, a lokacin kiwo.
Saurari muryar sparrowhawk
Halin ƙananan dabbobi ma bai dace ba. Koyon neman abinci, samarin shaho suna iya farauta da yamma, suna yin watsi da salon rayuwar su ta yau da kullun. Saboda haka, idan an gani sparrowhawk a jirgin daidai da yanayin faduwar rana, mutum mai yiwuwa matashi ne.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Sparrowhawks sun yi ƙwai a watan Mayu. A cikin shekarun sanyi, kiwo yakan fara ne a ƙarshen wata, kuma a cikin shekaru masu dumi - a farkon.
Kanta yana sanya farin ƙwai 3-6 a cikin tabo mai toka mai faɗin diamita kimanin 3.5 santimita. Suna zubasu tsawon wata daya da rabi. Dangane da haka, ci gaban matasa yana bayyana zuwa tsakiyar lokacin rani, wani lokacin zuwa ƙarshen Yuni.
Mace tana zaune akan ƙwai. Namiji yana neman abinci. Da farko, shaho yakan kawo ganima ga zaɓaɓɓen, sannan ga kajin. A kwanakin farko na rayuwarsu, uba yana dibar ganima.
Gida na Sparrowhawk
Bayan ƙyanƙyashewa, suna tare da mahaifiyarsu har tsawon wata ɗaya. Idan ana jin yunwa, kaza-kaza-kaza suna cin masu rauni. A sakamakon haka, maiyuwa daya ne ya rage. Wannan wani dalili ne yasa shaho ya zama alama ta yaudara.
Yana faruwa ga kajin lokacin da fari ya faru da uwar. Uba ya kawo abinci. Amma ciyarwa alhakin uwa ne. Namiji ba zai iya raba abin farauta daidai ba, ya farfasa shi ƙananan, ya sa shi cikin maƙogwaron yara.
Yaran shaho na sati biyu ba sa bukatar wargaza abin da suke ganima. Duk iyayen biyu suna farauta, suna jefa duk wanda aka azabtar a cikin gida. Bayan wata daya, kajin suna kama sadaka a tashi.
A cikin hoton akwai sparrowhawk tare da kajin
Bayan an tashi daga gidan iyayen, kusan 35% na shaho sun mutu a farkon shekarar rayuwa. Wani ya zama ganimar manyan mahauta. Wani baya samun abinci. Wasu kuma ba za su iya jure mummunan yanayi ba.
Idan shaho ya ƙetara ƙofar shekara-shekara, zai iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 15-17. Koyaya, yawancin nau'in suna barin 7-8. A cikin bauta, tare da kulawa mai kyau, wasu sparrowhawks sun rayu har zuwa shekaru 20.
