Marlin kifi ne, wanda aka fito dashi a cikin labarin "Tsohon mutum da tekun" na Ernest Hemingway. Saboda gajiyar gwagwarmaya tare da kifin, mutumin ya ja samfurin 3.5 mita zuwa jirgin ruwan.
Wasannin gwagwarmaya da katuwar an kara shi da shekarun masunta da kuma jerin gazawar mutum a filin. Ya yi kifi ba da amfani har tsawon kwanaki 84. Babban kamun da aka samu a rayuwa ya biya cikakken kuɗin jiran, amma ya tafi zuwa ga sharks.
Sun cinye kifin, wanda tsohon ba zai iya ja da shi cikin jirgin ba. Labarin da Hemingway ya rubuta a tsakiyar karni na 20 ya kawo bayanin soyayya ga kamun kifin marlin na zamani.
Bayani da siffofin kifin marlin
Marlin kifi ne daga dangin marlin. Akwai nau'uka da yawa a ciki. Abubuwan haɗaka: hanci xiphoid da fin fin-wuya mai ƙarfi. An daidaita dabbar daga bangarorin. Wannan yana rage karfin ruwa yayin iyo. Hancin kifin kuma yana taimakawa wajen yanke kaurin teku. A sakamakon haka, yana haɓaka saurin zuwa kilomita 100 a awa ɗaya.
Gaggawar gwarzon labarin saboda yanayin farautarsa. Lokacin farautar kananan kifi, marlin ya riske shi kuma ya soke shi da mashi mai kamannin mashi. Wannan gyaggyarawar sama ce da aka gyara.
Hakanan bayyanar marlin na iya canzawa. A jikin akwai "aljihu" inda dabbar take boye bayanta da fincin dubura. Wannan ma wata dabara ce mai sauri. Ba tare da ƙege ba, kifin yana kama da toka.
Finarshen kifi, da aka buɗe da bayan sa, kamar jirgin ruwa ne. Saboda haka sunan na biyu na nau'in shine jirgin ruwa. Fin din yana fitowa sama da santimita sama da jiki kuma yana da gefen da bai dace ba.
Kifin Marlin yana da hanci xiphoid
Bayanin marlin yana buƙatar ambata wasu gaskiyar:
- Akwai rikodin lokuta na fada da masunta tsawon awanni 30. Wasu kifayen sun sami nasarar ta hanyar yanke kayan ko kwace shi daga hannun masu laifin.
- A ɗaya daga cikin jiragen ruwan, an sami muƙamuƙin mai kama da mashi na tsawon marimita 35. Hancin kifin ya shiga bishiyar gaba daya. An gina jirgin ruwan da manyan katakan itacen oak. Wannan yana magana ne akan ƙarfin hancin kifin kanta da kuma saurin da zai iya kawo cikas.
Matsakaicin nauyin babban jirgin ruwan da ya balaga ya kai kilo 300. A cikin shekaru 50 na karnin da ya gabata, an kama mutum mai nauyin kilogiram 700 daga bakin tekun Peru.
A farkon sulusin farko na ƙarni, sun sami nasarar samun marlin mai nauyin kilo 818 da tsawon mita 5. Wannan rikodin ne tsakanin kifi mai ƙarfi. Ana rikodin wannan rikodin a cikin hoto. Kifin da wutsiya ta ɗaga ta kayan aiki na musamman nauyinsu ya juye.
Wani mutum yana riƙe da kwale-kwalen jirgin ruwa ta gill fin. Tsayinsa daidai yake da tsayin kan marlin. Af, akwai wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da girman kifin:
- Marlin mace kaɗai ya fi kilogram 300 girma.
- Mata ba sau 2 kawai suka fi girma ba, amma kuma suna daɗewa. Mafi yawan maza suna da shekaru 18. Mata sun kai 27.
Marlins suna rayuwa daban, amma ba tare da rasa danginsu ba. Gefen gefe da gefe, sun ɓace ne kawai daga gaɓar tekun Cuba. Jiragen ruwa suna zuwa wurin kowace shekara don yin liyafa a kan sardines.
Na biyun suna ninkaya zuwa Cuba don kiwo na zamani. Yankin shimfidar wuraren ya kai kimanin murabba'in kilomita 33. A lokacin bazara, a zahiri suna sanye take da ƙusoshin hancin marlin.
Duk rarrabewa ana rarrabe ta motsi mai kyau. Kamar dangin kifin da ke tashi, jiragen ruwa suna iya yin tsalle daga cikin ruwa yadda ya kamata. Kifi yana jujjuyawa da sauri, yin iyo da sauri, tanƙwara kamar ƙyalle a hannun 'yan wasan motsa jiki.
A cikin abin da aka sami tafkunan ruwa
Giant marlin a hoto kamar dai yana nuna cewa yana rayuwa a cikin zurfin. Kifin ba zai iya juyawa kusa da gabar teku ba. Hanyoyin da ke kusa da gabar teku zuwa ga Kyuba banda dokar. Zurfin ruwan da ke kusa da jihar gurguzu yana taimakawa fahimtar hakan.
A cikin zurfin teku, jirgin ruwan ya sami galaba a kan sauran mazaunansa. Arfin tsoka da nauyin jiki albarkatu ne don samar da makamashi mai ɗumi. Yayin da sauran kifayen da ke cikin ruwan sanyi mai zurfin zurfafawa kuma suka rasa fa'idarsu, jirgin ruwan yana ci gaba da aiki.
Fiye da ruwan dumi, marlin yana fassara ma'anar "sanyin" ta hanyarta. 20-23 digiri - shi ne. Jirgin ruwa yana ganin ƙarancin dumamar teku kamar ruwan sanyi.
Sanin yanayin zafin da aka fi so na ruwan marlin, yana da sauƙi a yi tsammani cewa tana rayuwa a cikin tekuna masu zafi da ƙauyuka na Tekun Atlantika, Pacific, Indiya. A cikin su, jiragen ruwa suna sauka zuwa zurfin mita 1800-2000 kuma suna tashi cikin yanayin farauta har zuwa 50.
Nau'in kifin Marlin
Jirgin ruwan jirgin yana da "fuskoki" da yawa. Akwai nau'ikan kifaye guda uku:
1. Black marlin. Swim a cikin Tekun Fasifik da Indiya, suna jin daɗin reef. Mutane marasa aure sun yi iyo a cikin Tekun Atlantika. Hanyar jirgin ruwan da ke tafiya tana kan Cape na Kyakkyawan Fata. Ta hanyar tsabtace shi, lamuran iya isa bakin tekun Rio de Janeiro.
Peananan fins na baƙin marlin ba su da sassauci. Wannan wani bangare ne saboda girman kifin. Katon da aka kama yana da nauyin fam 800 ya wakilci baƙar fata. Dangane da girmansa, dabbar tana zuwa zurfin gaske, tana riƙe da zafin jiki na ruwa kimanin digiri 15.
Bayan duwawun wakilan jinsunan shuɗi ne mai duhu, kusan baƙi. Saboda haka sunan. Cikin cikin kifin haske ne, azurfa.
Tsinkayen launin baƙar jirgin ruwa mai haɗari ba ya daidaita tsakanin mutane daban-daban. Saboda haka madadin sunaye: shuɗi da azurfa.
2. Taguwar marlin. An tsara jikin kifin tare da layuka a tsaye. Sun fi sautin haske fiye da bayan dabbar, kuma sun yi fice tare da launin shuɗi a jikin azurfa. Irin wannan mutum ne ya kama tsoho daga labarin Ernest Hemingway. A cikin jinsunan kifi, an haɗa marlin a ciki azaman matsakaici. Kifi ya kai nauyin kilogram 500. Idan aka kwatanta da jirgin ruwan baƙar fata, mai taguwar yana da dogon hanci-hanci.
Hoton kifin marlin ne mai taguwar ruwa
3. Shudi marlin. Bayanta saffir ne. Cikin kifin yana walƙiya da azurfa. Wutsiya tana da kamannin kamannin sickle ko jirgin sama. Associationsungiyoyi iri ɗaya suna da alaƙa da ƙananan fikafikai.
Daga cikin raƙuman ruwa, ana gane shuɗi a matsayin mafi ban mamaki. Ana samun kifi a cikin Tekun Atlantika. Idan muka keɓance launuka, bayyanar duk jiragen ruwa suna kama.
Fishing duka nau'ikan marlin kusan iri daya ne. Ana kama kifi ba kawai daga sha'awar wasanni da ƙishirwar rubuce-rubuce ba. Jirgin ruwa suna da nama mai daɗi.
Yana da launin ruwan hoda A wannan yanayin, naman marlin yana nan a cikin sushi. A wasu jita-jita, an dafa soyayyen, dafa ko dafa shi. Maganin zafin jiki yana ba naman laushi.
Kama marlin
Marlin ya bambanta da sha'awar, yana kai hari ga koto koda kuwa ya cika. Babban abu shine sanya ƙugiya a cikin zurfin wadatar da ke cikin jirgin ruwan. Da ƙyar yake tashi zuwa saman kanta. Kuna buƙatar jefa koto game da mita 50. Shuɗi marlin a nan ba safai yake cizon ba, amma wanda aka taguwar sau da yawa yakan faɗi a ƙugiya.
Hanyar kama marlin ana kiranta trolling. Wannan katuwar jawo a jirgi mai motsi. Ya kamata haɓaka ingantaccen gudu. Jirgin da yake raggo a bayan kwale-kwale ba safai yake jan hankalin jirgin ruwan ba. Bugu da kari, kamo gwarzon labarin daga sauki rook yana da hadari. "Cizon" baka cikin manyan jiragen ruwa, kwale-kwalen jirgin ruwa na katako sun huda marlin.
Troll yana kama da kifin kifi, amma ana zaɓar abin ɗamara kamar sassauƙa kuma abin dogaro kamar yadda zai yiwu. An ɗauki layin kamun kifi da ƙarfi. Duk waɗannan halayen halayen kamun kifi ne, wanda ya haɗa da tarko.
Kamar kifi, marlin yana hango kifin mai rai kamar tuna da mackerel, mollusks, kunkuru. Daga abubuwan da ake kamawa da su, jiragen ruwa suna hango mai gogewa. Yana da ƙarfi, girma.
Cizon nau'ikan marlin daban. Kifin da aka yayyage yana tsalle yana tsalle daga cikin ruwa, yana jujjuya abin ta hanyar dayan ko wancan. Bayanin ya dace da bayanan daga labarin "Tsoho da Tekun".
Idan babban halayyar ta kama jirgin ruwan shuɗi, zai yi birgima kuma ya motsa cikin yanayi mara kyau. Wakilan jinsunan baƙar fata sun gwammace su ci gaba da kwale-kwalen tare da himma, har ma suna ja da baya.
Saboda girman su, margin suna "tsayawa" a saman sarkar abinci. Mutum shine makiyin babban kifi. Koyaya, matashin jirgin ruwa maraba ne, alal misali, don sharks. Akwai lokuta lokacin da marlin da aka kama a ƙugiya ya haɗiye tun kafin ya hau jirgi. Lokacin kamun kifin jirgin ruwa, masunta sun same shi a cikin mahaifar kifin shark.
Kamawar marlin mai aiki ya rage lambobin su. An jera dabbar a cikin Littafin Ja a matsayin jinsin masu rauni. Wannan ya iyakance darajar kasuwancin jiragen ruwa. A cikin karni na 21, su ne kawai ganima. An ja shi zuwa jirgin ruwa, hoto kuma an sake shi.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Marlins sun yi kiwo a lokacin bazara. Har zuwa farkon kaka, mata suna yin ƙwai sau 3-4. Adadin ƙwai da yawa a cikin kamawa ya kai miliyan 7.
A matakin kwai, babban dutsen teku mai tsayi milimita 1 ne kawai. Ana soya soya kamar ƙarami. Da shekara 2-4, kifin ya kai tsayin mita 2-2.5 kuma ya balaga da jima'i. Kusan 25% na miliyan 7 na soyayyen ya girma har zuwa girma.
