Ana iya kiran Caranx antediluvian. Kifi ya samo asali shekaru miliyan 60 da suka gabata. Wannan ita ce iyakar Cretaceous da Paleogene. An samo kwarangwal na Caranx a cikin ɗakunan ajiya na zamanin. Ragowar dabbobi sun faɗi a ƙasan tekun. Jikin ya lalace. Kasusuwan an zana su a zahiri a ƙarƙashin matsin layin ruwa a cikin ma'adinan ƙasa.
Yanayin wuri yana canzawa. A madadin tekuna, busasshiyar ƙasa ta bayyana. A can ne masana kimiyya suka gano kwarangwal na farko na caranx. A cikin wani live form, saba da shi ya faru a 1801. Bernard Germain Etienne ne ya gani kuma yayi rikodin halittar antediluvian din. Wannan shine ichthyologist dan kasar Faransa. Tunda aka bude ta girgiza ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan kifin kasuwanci. Alamar alaƙa tana da alaƙa da keɓaɓɓun abubuwan kamun kifinta. Wacece? Game da wannan kuma ba wai kawai ba, kara.
Bayani da siffofin kifin kifin
Caranx - kifi dangin dawakai, ƙungiyar ɓarna. Saboda haka, babban bambancin shine jikin da aka daidaita daga bangarorin kuma yayi tsawo a tsaye. Daga mackerel dawakai, jarumin labarin ya ɗauki “aljihu” a bayan sa. Dukansu manyan fikafikan an cire su a ciki. Saboda haka a hoton karanks ana iya gani tare da biyu ko ɗaya, ko ma ba tare da ɓarna ba.
Caranxes ba dabba ɗaya ba ce, amma jinsi ne. Akwai nau'ikan 18 a ciki. Dukansu suna son ruwa mai dumi da gishiri. Matasa suna haƙuri da waɗanda basu da yisti. Yana iyo cikin koguna, yana kamun ɓawon burodi a can kuma yana ɓoyewa daga manyan dabbobin da ke ɓarkewar tekun.
Manya da crustaceans suma manya ne ke cin su. Suna ƙara ƙananan kifi a cikin wannan menu. Koda samari dolphin an same su a cikin cikin ciki na wakilan jinsin. Wani lokaci, a cikin cikunnan mackerel doki ne kunkuru.
A cikin samari da ɗari, bawo ƙira suke yi, suna lalacewa ta haƙoran haƙoran Karangs. Fassara sunan jinsi ta hanyar "g" madadin ne, wanda aka amince dashi daidai da na farko.
Caranx tsoffin mazaunan zurfin teku
Alkurani suna farauta tare da danginsu. Kasancewar sun haɗu, dabbobin suna kewaye da makarantun wasu kifaye, a hankali suna ƙara matsewar harin. Wadanda abin ya shafa suna kokarin tsalle daga ruwa. Da alama tafasa. Ba zai yuwu ka dade ba a sama - ko dai tsuntsayen da ke zagaye kan abin da aka yi musu lahani su ci su, ko kuma ka sake komawa cikin rami mara zurfi na ruwa da kuma kiwon mackerel.
Akwai matsayi a cikin garken farauta na Caranx. Manya da ƙarfi mutane ke jagorantar aikin kamun kifi da kama labarai. Sauran kifin a cikin ƙungiyar sun ɗauki wannan ba da wasa ba.
Jaruman labarin suna zuwa farauta da yamma. A rana, kifayen suna iyo ba tare da kaɗaici ba. Don haɗu da mackerel don kawai haɗuwa da farauta. Ko da soyayyen caranx ya fi son kadaici. Koyaya, matasa suna da ƙarin dalili don haɗuwa cikin garken - haɗari. Lokacin da samarin cranks suka lura da masu farauta, sai su shiga cikin rukuni hankali.
Abubuwan firgita suna farautar ƙananan kifi, sun haɗu cikin garken tumaki
Gwarzo na labarin ya fi son yankuna masu iyakantaccen ruwa, ba tafiya nesa da wuraren "gida". Dangane da haka, ɗayan maƙerin dawakin ruwa na asali an san shi da Caranx "ta gani". Yawancin lokaci, tasirin tasirin kifi yana kilomita 10 a diamita. Can nesa da gidan, mutane suna iyo ne kawai don lalatarwa. A gare shi tafiya mackerel doki tafiya kilomita 30-50.
A lokacin ƙuruciya, wakilan jinsin halittu suna da fikafikan elongated da jiki mafi girma fiye da na kifin manya. Shekaru da yawa, ya zama squat, kuma fikayen sun fi guntu da fadi.
Ga babban mutum, ana miƙa ƙwanƙwanƙwane zuwa santimita 55-170. Matsakaicin nauyin gwarzo na labarin shine kilogram 80. Dangane da haka, wakilan wasu nau'ikan jinsin halittu suna kama da baligi maza da mata.
A wanne jikin ruwan ake keɓewa
An rarraba wakilan jinsi akan ruwan dumi na duk duniya. Dabbobi suna zaɓar ainihin wurin, suna "dogaro" da wadatar kayan abinci, haɗari a cikin hanyar mafarauta da manyan mafarauta.
Koyaya, babban ma'aunin shine zurfin. Karangs baya faduwa kasa da mita 100 kuma da wuya ya tashi sama da mita 5. A cikin wadannan iyakokin, kifayen suna samun nutsuwa, suna ta gudu da sauri.
A ƙasan, jaruman labarin sun zaɓi maɓuɓɓugan murjani, suna son yin "tafiya" tsakanin jiragen ruwa da kuma kwarangwal na tsoffin biranen. Akwai irin waɗannan kusurwa a kan shiryayye da cikin lagoons. Anan ya cancanci neman mackerel.
Yawancin quranks sun fi yawa a cikin Bahar Maliya, kusa da gabar Hawaii, Afirka, Thailand. Yawan Ostiraliya ma yana da yawa. An kuma kama su a kusa da New Zealand. Gabaɗaya, idan zamuyi magana akan tekuna, za'a sami gwarzon labarin a cikin Pacific, Indian da Atlantic.
Nau'in fadaka
Samun fasali na yau da kullun, nau'ikan caraxes sun banbanta a cikin babban bayyanar da nuances na tsarin. A cikin wasu, alal misali, ƙafafun dorsal suna nuna kai tsaye, yayin da a wasu suke karkata zuwa wutsiya. Akwai kifayen da ke gaban goshi, akwai kuma kifayen da ke hade. Wasu cranks suna da goshinsu sama, amma yawancinsu suna da madaidaiciya. Yana da lokaci zuwa daki-daki. Yi la'akari da makalar dawakai a rage nauyin jiki da girma:
1. Babban Caranx... Yana girma har zuwa centimita 170 a tsayi, yana ƙaruwa kilogram 50-80. Wakilan jinsin ana rarrabe su ta hanyar babban kai da gajartaccen jiki. Kattai suna buƙatar ruwa da ƙarancin gishiri. Ana samun wannan a mahadar tekuna da koguna suna gudana a cikinsu.
Saboda haka, a Misira, alal misali, an kama katuwar dawakai a cikin Kogin Nilu. Koyaya, an kama kifi mafi girma a gangaren bakin tekun Maui. Na mallakar tsibirin Hawaii ne. Akwai batun "sarauta carnax"- madadin suna don kato.
Giant Caranx, wanda ake kira masarauta
2. Lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u... Har ila yau ana kiransa emerald. Scaananan sikelin kifi suna walƙiya kamar lu'ulu'u da aka yanka. A wasu wurare, ana iya ganin walƙiya mai launin shuɗi-shuɗi. Wadannan tabo suna tuna da emeralds. A tsayi, kifin ya kai santimita 117, kuma yana da nauyin kilo 43.
Saananan ma'auni na carax lu'u-lu'u ana shuka su a rana kamar lu'ulu'u
3. Kreval-Jack. Na al'ada don Bahar Rum da ruwan yammacin Afirka. Dangane da bangon sauran kayan dawakai, marainiyar ta yi fice tare da fin din dogodo. Bangaren gabanta yana da spines 8, kuma ɓangaren baya yana ƙunshe da 1 vertebra da 20 haskoki mai laushi.
Manya suna da tsawon santimita 170, amma nauyinsu bai kai lu'ulu'u ba. Matsakaicin matsakaiciyar kifar da gawa shine kiologram 33.
4. Babban girgiza da ƙarancin nauyi a cikin ƙaton kuma ɗan haske ne tare da jack-creval, wanda ya kai kilo 30 kawai. An rarraba su a cikin jikin cm 120. Yana da oblong-m.
Abubuwan rarrabewa sune goshi mai tsayi kuma spines a ƙarshen fin caudal. Kuna iya saduwa da irin waɗannan kifin a cikin Tekun Indiya.
5. Baƙin makoki mai baƙin fata ko baƙin jack. Matsakaicin nauyin wannan kifin shine kilo 20. A tsayi, baƙar baƙin dawakai ya kai santimita 110. Kuna iya saduwa da wakilan nau'in a cikin duk tekuna masu zafi. Babban yawan yana zaune a cikin Ja. A waje, satar baki ta banbanta ta dorsal fin mai lankwasa a cikin siffar jinjirin wata da launin duhu.
6. Manyan ido. Tabbatar da sunan. Yawancin mackerel dawakai suna da ƙananan idanu. Girman mutane manya-manya suna da ƙarfi. A tsayi, an faɗaɗa kifin da centimita 110. A cikin nauyi, manyan idanun ido kwata-kwata sunkai kilogram ƙasa da makirin Black makkere.
7. Shudi mai gudu ko makaran Masarawa. Ganin ya saba da Bahar Rum da Atlantic. A can, mai gudu ya ɗauki abin sha'awa kusa da ruwan kusa da dandamali na mai. Wannan zaɓin, ya zuwa yanzu, ya kasance sirri ga masana kimiyya. A tsawon, kifin bai wuce santimita 70 ba, kuma suna da nauyin kilogram 5-7.
8. Green Jack. Jikin santimita 55 yana da nauyin kilogram 3. An kira shi bayan launi. Koyaya, kore ya banbanta da sauran karaxes a tsarin faranti na gill da kuma tsayin fuka-fukan gefen layin. Wakilan jinsunan suna rayuwa tare da gabar Amurka da kuma a Tekun Fasifik.
9. Chordate caranx. Ofaya daga cikin mafi ƙarancin wakilai na dawakai. Kifin bai wuce kilo biyu ba, kuma tsawon sa rabin mita ne. Sunan na biyu shi ne mackerel dokin karya. Abin raɗaɗi kaɗan shine bambance daga dangi na kusa.
10. Keɓe keɓaɓɓen Senegal. Recordaramin rikodin mariƙin. A tsayi, kifin bai wuce santimita 30 ba, kuma yana da nauyin ma'auni gram ɗari. Kifin yana da kai mai kai da kuma elongated body. Har ila yau, an shimfiɗa ƙugu na farko, ƙwanƙolin ƙusa a kanta.
Ana iya adana ƙananan quranks a cikin akwatin ruwa. Koyaya, kifaye masu farauta ba su da kyau kuma suna da haɗari ga sauran mazaunan tafki na wucin gadi. Saboda haka, mafi yawan lokuta ana samun mackerel a cikin daji, kuma suna shiga gidaje a matsayin abincin mutane. Za mu fada muku yadda ake samun sa a babi na gaba.
Kama Caranx
Suna kama jarumin labarin ta hanyar koto. Troll yana da tasiri. A wannan yanayin, masuncin yana tsaye akan jirgin ruwa mai motsi. Lokacin kamun kifi daga jirgin ruwa, ana kiran kamun kifi waƙa. Saurin da yake yi a karshen bai isa ya ja hankalin kifi ba. Yayinda yake rawar jiki, katangar tana rugawa cikin ruwa kamar ainihin waɗanda abin ya shafa.
Yawancin lokaci, ana amfani da koto na wucin gadi a cikin tarko, amma gwarzo na labarin ya fi son ƙirar kai tsaye. Da zarar an kama shi, kifin yakan yi faɗa sosai har a gane shi alama ce ta namiji, ƙarfin zuciya da iko. Sunan na biyu kuma yana nuna falalar dabba - zinariya caranx.
Dukkanin jinsin halittu suna hade a karkashin wannan suna. Akwai kuma ajalin “karax". Anan alamar launin fins din ya zama bayyane. Suna da launin rawaya a cikin kifin jinsi. Abu ne mai ban sha'awa cewa a cikin tsaftataccen ruwa ba a iya ganin launi, kuma a cikin ruwan turbid ana bayyana shi.
Launin jikin kifin yana gaya wa masunta irin jinsin kifin da aka kama. Mata sun fi sauƙi, sun fi azurfa. Maza mafi yawan nau'ikan caraxes duhu ne. Yin launi, a hanya, ɗayan hanyoyi ne don tabbatar da ƙimar kifi. Yawancin mackerel dawakai suna da daɗi kuma ba su da lahani, amma baƙar fata mackerel na da haɗari a jiki. Don haka, kamun kifi, yana da daraja duba cikin kundin adireshin kuma kawai sai a aika kama zuwa kicin.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na karax
Sake bugun jarumin labarin ya dogara da yanayin rayuwa. A cikin sararin samaniya na wurare masu zafi, kifaye suna baƙuwa sau da yawa a shekara. A cikin ruwa mai tsafta tare da ƙananan yanayin zafi, kullun suna yanke shawarar samun zuriya ne kawai a lokacin rani.
Caranxes suna da yawa. Mata suna yin ƙwai kusan miliyan ɗaya a lokaci guda. Iyaye basa ɓoye su kuma basa bin zuriyar. Qwai suna yawo cikin yardar kaina a cikin ruwa. An cinye sashi, kuma soya ya bayyana daga sashi.
Da farko, suna ɓoye "a cikin inuwar" jellyfish. Girma, balaguron tafiya kan tafiya ɗaya. Idan yayi nasara, kifin zaiyi shekaru 15-17. Wannan ya ninka na dangi na kusa - na kowa dokin mackerel.
