Tarihi da siffofin karnukan farauta
Bayyana game da tarihin asali farautar kare kare, ya kamata mutum ya shiga cikin mafi nisa, a wancan zamanin lokacin ga mutum farauta hanya ce ta rayuwa.
Sassaka dutsen da zane-zanen da tsofaffin masu zane-zane suka bari akan kayan gida, kayan kwalliya da makamai, wanda ke nuna al'amuran rayuwa tare da sa hannun karnuka, suna ba da shaida da kyau cewa tsarin gidan waɗannan halittu masu kaifin hankali, da kuma amfani da halayensu, ya fara ne a zamanin Mesolithic da Neolithic.
Yin nazarin ragowar da nau'ikan kwarangwal, masu binciken ilimin kimiyyar kayan tarihi sun cimma matsaya cewa farkon jinsin zamanin da ake kira da peat ko marsh karnuka - wata karamar halitta mai kunkuntar fuska da kuma kaifi sauyi zuwa bakin bakin kwakwalwar kwanyar.
Waɗannan su ne karnukan da suka zauna kusa da gidajen mutane. Sau da yawa suna tare da mafarauta, kasancewar suna da matukar amfani a gare su idan suka tayar da hayaniya lokacin da abubuwan da ba tsammani suka kusanci sansanin 'yan adam.
An yi imani da cewa jackals ne kakanninsu. Dangane da wasu bayanai, wanda, duk da haka, ba duk masana kimiyyar zamani suka yarda da shi ba, karnukan peat sun zama kakannin irin waɗannan nau'o'in kamar terriers, sanannen farautar dabbobin dawa; ƙwararrun masu kama da bera; mai kama da beyar teddy, amma mai aminci, mai saurin hankali da mai da hankali sosai. Daga cikin tsoffin, jinsunan gida, zaku iya suna wasu, masu ban sha'awa sosai.
Waɗanne nau'in karnukan farauta?
Shin kwarewar da mutane ke amfani da ita an san ta tun zamanin da? Ofaya daga cikin ire-iren waɗannan shine zuriyar dabbar daji ta arewacin Turai ta kerkolfci, watakila sun kasance saguwa lokacin da aka haye su da karnukan peat.
Ragowar wannan jinsin ne mai binciken kasa A.A Inostrantsev ya gano, saboda wannan dalilin ne aka sanyawa dutsen sunan masanin kimiyya. Sun kasance manyan dabbobi da hakora mai ƙarfi da gajeren hanci.
A cikin sifofin ƙanana na ƙananan kwandon ido, sun yi kama da kakannin kerkeci. Kuma haƙoransu, masu kaifi kamar saber, waɗanda tsoffin karnuka suka gada daga magabata, fiye da sau ɗaya suka ceci rayuwar mutumin da ya gabata kuma suka taimaka masa ya dawo daga farauta da ganima.
An yi imanin cewa daga wannan nau'in ne masu ƙarfi da aminci na masu mallakar su - Manyan Danasar; sentry St. Bernards da ingantattun iri-iri; mataimaka masu mahimmanci na makiyaya - Makiyayan makiyaya.
Sanannen sanannen har ma da kambun bulldog, ya sami irin wannan sunan daga waɗannan magabatan. Akwai lokacin da bulldogs suka taka rawa a baiting dabbobi.
Hoton kare bulldog
Koyaya, a zamanin yau, cikin tsawan shekaru da aka zaba, sun juye zuwa daskararru, phlegmatic da fara'a halittu. Tsoffin karnukan da aka bayyana sune kakannin manyan mastiffs. Kuma ko da ƙananan pugs an yi imanin cewa su zuriyar karnukan mafarautan da suka gabata ne.
Zamanin Tagulla - zamanin samuwar wayewa tare da rikitaccen tsarin zamantakewar al'umma, ya kuma shahara ga wasu nau'ikan karnukan da suka taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar mutane. Daga cikinsu akwai karnukan tagulla da ake amfani da su a wuraren farauta masu ban mamaki da kuma kiyaye garken tumaki.
Ba da daɗewa ba, karnukan toka suka bayyana, waɗanda suka zama kakannin irin waɗannan rukunin da aka sani yanzu kamar bincike da farauta, da farautar kananan karnuka tare da gajeren kafafu - dachshund.
Karnukan farautar Dachshund
An yanke irin wadannan maganganu ne a lokacin da aka tono tokar makabartar jana'izar, inda aka samu ragowar karnukan tokar. Wataƙila shi ya sa suka sami sunansu.
Irin wadannan al'adun na jana'iza sun kuma shaida cewa mafarautan da suka mutu, suna son su dauki amintattun bayinsu da abokansu zuwa wannan duniyar, suna daukar irin wadannan halittu a matsayin mafi girman kimarsu.
Karnukan Ash a cikin tsararraki ma sun haɗu a cikin babban rukuni duwatsu karnukan farauta: 'yan sanda... Sun shahara ne saboda iyawarsu, suna daskarewa a tsaye, don gano wurin da tsuntsayen wasan suke.
An yi imanin cewa sauran kakannin 'yan sandan' yan fashin ne, waɗanda ke rutsawa cikin garken a kusa da mazaunin ɗan Adam a lokacin. Wadannan dabbobin, sakamakon zabin yanayi, sun rikide sun zama Saluki da Tezem.
Na farkonsu manyan karnuka ne masu kalar ja ko yashi mai gajeren gashi, kanshi mai tsauri, kunnuwa masu zubewa da wutsiya. Saluki ya bayyana a ƙarni takwas kafin haihuwar Yesu a Asiya orarama, kuma Larabawa ne suka yi wa irinsu asali.
Hoton shine karen farautar jinsin Saluki
Tezem ko Hound na Fir'auna manyan karnukan farauta ne waɗanda suka shahara a tsohuwar Masar. Fir'auna da masarautar Masar sun mallaki su. Samun sautunan haske, gajere gajere mai taushi, sun bambanta da saluki tare da kunnuwa tsayayyu, kuma, aka jefa akan kursiyin, wutsiya mai kama da zobe.
Wadannan nau'ikan yanzu ana daukar su kakannin kungiyar greyhounds, wadanda aka danganta su na dogon lokaci zuwa mafi kyaun kiwon karnukan farauta kuma ya yadu a duk duniya daga Afirka da Asiya.
A cikin hoton karen fir'auna ne
A cikin Turai, 'yan sanda da greyhounds sun shahara musamman a lokacin Tsararru na Zamani, lokacin da farauta ita ce babban lokacin nishaɗi na sarakuna, mashahurai da shugabannin fada. Sakamakon zabin da akayi niyya da zabi mai karfi, a hankali suka rikide suka zama dukkanin nau'ikan zamani.
Bayani game da nau'in kare na farauta kuma asalinsu ba zai cika ba tare da ambaton kyawawan huskies huskies ba. Waɗannan 'ya'yan gandun daji ne na arewa, sun taurare a cikin mawuyacin hali da mummunan yanayi.
Rashin abinci da rayuwa a yankuna masu nisa na taiga ya haifar da halaye a cikinsu kamar ƙwarewar farauta mai ban mamaki, ƙwarewar bincike na ban mamaki, juriya, yawan ji, gani da ƙamshi, ikon rayuwa a yanayin ƙarancin yanayi.
Wannan rukuni na karnukan farauta mutanen arewa ne suka yi kiwonsu. Tun zamanin da, irin wadannan dabbobi sun taimaka wa masu su samo bea, barewa, doki, da kuma gashin tsuntsaye a cikin daji. Tare da taimakon huskies, sanar da mafarauta game da wurin da ƙananan dabbobi suke, an gudanar da cinikin fur mai nasara.
Mafarautan kare farauta Laika
Bayanan yawancin masanan ilimin lissafi da masu ilimin gado suna ba da haƙƙin ɗauka cewa magabatan kai tsaye na duk zamani farautar kare kare (hoto wanda ya tabbatar da bambancin su) har yanzu kerkeci ne.
Kuma nau'ikan da ake da su a halin yanzu mutane ne suka kiwata su daga ƙananan kakannin kakannin. Ko yanzu ma, karnuka da kerkeci suna iya haduwa da yardar kaina kuma su samar da lafiyayyun zuriya masu haihuwar, suna da adadin yawan chromosomes.
Kulawa da kula da karnukan farauta
Abubuwan halayen kare, ban da bayanan gado, suna ƙayyade madaidaiciyar kulawa da ciyarwa. Sabili da haka, duk mai karɓar bakuncin da yake so sayi kare mai farauta, dole ne ya zama mai haƙuri kuma yana da ra'ayin kiyaye irin waɗannan dabbobin.
Bayan haka, rashin kulawa da dabbobi da kuma cin abincin da ba daidai ba na iya haifar da cututtukan karnuka masu tsanani har ma da haifar da ajalinsu.
Dakin karnuka su zama masu haske, bushe, mara shinge kuma wadatacce. Ya kamata a kasaftawa, tare da shinge na ƙarfe, yanki don tafiya da dabbar dabba aƙalla 6 m2.
Yana da kyau a zabi wurin da bishiyoyi ke kiyayewa wanda zai ɓoye dabbobi daga hasken rana mai zafi a lokacin bazara, kuma a yanayin sanyi daga iska mai sanyi. A cikin yankuna masu tsananin hunturu na karnuka, ya zama dole kuma a samar da ƙarin matsuguni a cikin hanyar rumfa.
A cikin ɗakin kanta, an ware wuri na dindindin don hutawa da barci na dabbar dabbar. Mafi kyau duka, idan bene ne na katako, kimanin rabin mita daga bene ko slightlyan ƙasa kaɗan.
Ana iya amfani da ji ko wani abu mai ɗumi azaman wurin kwanciya, amma bambaro ya fi kyau kuma yana da sauƙin sauyawa. Dole ne a tsabtace yankin da ake riƙewa a kai a kai. Kuma yakamata a cire abincin da aka cinye rabin sannan a tsaftace kwanuka bayanta.
Tabbas, yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye rigar dabba a cikin yanayi mai kyau. Ba duk karnuka suke da shi gajere ba, kamar, misali, farautar kare mai gajeren haske... Kulawa da juzu'i a wannan ma'anar yana da nauyi sosai.
Yin wanka a kai a kai na taimakawa lafiyar jiki. Yin burushi tare da tsefe da burushi na taimakawa cire kura, datti da yawan kitse daga layin gashi.
Wajibi ne a wanke kare da sabulun wanka kowane wata. Kuma bayan aikin, sauran danshi ya kamata a cire su da kyalle mai tsabta. Yakamata a duba kunnuwan dabbobin a kai a kai a tsabtace su ta amfani da auduga ko bandeji, a jika su a cikin maganin hydrogen peroxide.
A lokacin bazara, yin iyo a cikin kandami ko tabki na da alfanu sosai ga dabbobin gidanka. Tabbas, horarwa ta yau da kullun da tafiyar awa biyu wajibi ne don kiyaye kare a cikin sifa.
Abincin dabbobi ya kamata ya haɗa, ban da burodi, madara, nama da kifi, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga karnukan farauta, har da kayan lambu, hatsi da gishiri. Zai fi kyau a ciyar da shi sau biyu: farkon safe da zuwa ƙarshen rana.
Yana da mahimmanci ga maigidan ya bi ka'idojin kulawa idan dabbobin sa sun shiga ciki kare nuna na farauta kiwo... Waɗannan su ne abubuwan da ake gudanarwa akai-akai a cikin tsarin kowace ƙungiyar ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, wakiltar bita game da hayayyafar kiwo, wanda ke ba masana kimiyyar kimiyyar lissafi damar zaɓar mafi kyawun wakilai a cikin inganci da na waje.
Irin wannan taron na iya buɗe sababbin ra'ayoyi ga karnuka da masu su, da kuma damarmaki don samun taken zakara da damar samun abokan hulɗa masu kyau.
Bayan ƙa'idojin ƙididdigar abun ciki, masu ikon mallakar suna iya ci gaba da zaɓar wanda ya dace daga farautar kare kare, lakabi wanda a yau zai iya yin adadi mai yawa.
Kuna buƙatar nemo amintaccen mai kiwo don samun ƙoshin lafiya mai lafiya. Lokacin zabar, da yawa ya dogara da maƙasudin mai siye, ko yana son siyan kyakkyawan kare mai tsabta - wanda ake zargi da cin nasara a nune-nunen ko kuma daidaitaccen kare mai nutsuwa wanda membobin dangi zasu so.
Har ila yau mahimmanci farashin a kan farautar kare kare... Yawancinsu suna da araha, amma akwai kuma karnuka masu tsada, misali, Irish Wolfhound, wanda yakai $ 2,400.
Farautar kare farauta
Daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan, wanda kusan ɗari huɗu a duniya, karnukan farauta sun kai kusan rabin dukkan nau'ikan, wanda ke nuna muhimmancin su. Waɗannan karnukan sun bambanta da kamanni da kuma iyawa, amma kowane ɗayan ƙungiyoyin suna da kyau, masu hazaka kuma abin sha'awa a yadda yake.
Suna da kyawawan halaye farautar farauta. Karnuka yaba da jimirinsu da karfin gwiwa mara karfi. Energyarfinsu da ba zai iya warwarewa ba, kamar dai, kallon su, ba zai iya raguwa ba.
Ana ba da labari ga almara game da ƙarfin halinsu da dabarun farauta, waɗanda aka gada tun daga al'ummomin da suka gabata na kakanninsu. Shekaru da yawa, mutum ya zaɓi mafi kyawun nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobi, wanda a sakamakon haka ya samu wasu nau'ikan farauta, kowannensu yana mai da hankali ga farautar takamaiman dabba ko abin farauta.
Karnukan Hound
Babban masu fafatawa da irin wadannan karnukan koyaushe sun kasance greyhounds, masu saurin bi wani buri. Amma mallakan son zuciya don gudu da sauri, na baya sun fi iya nuna kansu a gajerun hanyoyi. Koyaya, farauta sun fi shahara saboda jimiri da ikon bin dabbar duk ranar ba tare da tsayawa ba.
Hoton shine kare mai farauta na nau'in greyhound
Daga cikin Rukunan Rasha na karnukan farauta ta hanyar ƙa'idodin tarihi, ana ɗaukarsa matashi ne - pebald hound. Haƙiƙa wannan rukunin ya fito ba da daɗewa ba, amma da sauri ya bazu kuma ya zama ƙaunatattun masu kiwon kare.
Irin waɗannan karnukan suna da horo sosai kuma ana amfani dasu cikin tsanantawa da matsakaiciyar dabba. Inarfi a cikin bayyanar, suna da tsokoki masu ƙarfi, suna da madaidaiciyar kai.
Gashinsu ya bushe da sauri a rana, iska ta busa, fatar ta makale, wutsiyar tana kama da kauri saboda matsattsiyar rigar. Launin karnuka yana dauke da hadaddiyar hadaddiyar giyar baƙi da launuka iri-iri, kalar ja da launuka masu toka, ciki da gabobin jikinsu galibi fari ne.
Hoton kare kare
Sun shahara da kyawawan halaye Baƙin kare fararen Jamusanci... Wakilansu, a ƙa'ida, suna da saurin fahimta, yayin da ba su da hankali da baiwa, amma kuma zaman lafiya, haɗe da yanayin Nordic na ɗabi'a. Jimirinsu a cikin yanayin gaggawa kawai za'a iya yi masa hassada. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa waɗannan halittu suka shahara.
Bayyana wannan rukunin, tabbas yakamata ku gabatar da yan sanda, masu ban sha'awa tare da takura mai haɗuwa haɗe da halayyar ƙarfi. Waɗannan su ne manunun gajere. Suna cin hanci tare da salamar su, suna da kirki kuma suna iya faranta ran masu su da ƙwarewar horo.
Bautar su da gaske ba ta da iyaka, suna son dangin mai su kuma suna kula da yara. Irin waɗannan karnukan, idan ya cancanta, na iya zama masu tsaro abin koyi, amma a lokaci guda suna iya tantance baƙi sosai kuma ba sa nuna wuce gona da iri.
Lokacin farauta, gajeren manuniya sune mafi kyawun rarrabe kansu a filaye da filayen da karamin wasa ke rayuwa. Suna samun madaidaiciyar manufa ga mafarautan, ta amfani da ƙanshinsu mai ban al'ajabi da ban mamaki.
Suna jin warin ganima, shakar iska, da kuma ƙasa. Kuma lokacin da suka sami wanda aka azabtar, sai su yi tsayuwa, wanda alama ce ta musamman ga mai shi. An rarrabe karnuka ta hanyar tsarin launinsu na asali. Zasu iya zama masu daskararre masu launin ruwan kasa, baƙar fata, rawaya mai rashi da fari tare da aibobi.
Farautar kare mai gajeren gajere
An sandar Jamus masu gashi mai waya sun haɗa da drathaar – kare farauta, wanda aka dauke shi a duniya. Dangane da ra'ayin masu kula da karnuka, wadanda suka fara kiwo irin wannan, ya kamata irin wadannan karnuka su iya aiki tare da tsuntsaye, filaye da tsuntsayen ruwa, su nemo babbar dabba su bi dabbobin da suka ji rauni, yayin da suke da kyawawan halaye na tsaro.
Dukkanin mafarkai an haɗa su cikin aiki a cikin drathaars. Karnuka suna da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi shida, baƙi ko toka mai toka; zubewa, zagaye a gefuna, kunnuwa kuma fiye da rabin mita a tsayi. Dabi'ar karnukan suna aiki da fara'a, suna da inganci da wayo.
A cikin hoto kare shine Drathhaar
A cewar masana tarihi, wadanda suka kafa zamani farautar spaniel karnuka karnukan Girkawa masu-kunnuwa da gashi, wadanda daga baya aka kawo su Spain, suka zama.
Wannan shine dalilin sunan, wanda ya fito daga kalmar "Espagnol". Waɗannan dabbobi masu kyawawan halaye ne, ƙaunatattu a duk duniya, inda suke saurin yaɗuwa, saboda kyawawan halayen farautarsu.
Amma suna da tushe sosai a cikin ƙuntatattun gidaje na birni, suna kawo farin ciki ga masu su. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan wannan nau'in. Daga cikinsu akwai Spaniel na ruwa na Irish, wanda ya wuce danginsa a girma, ya kai nauyin kilo 20. Irin waɗannan karnukan sun bayyana a ƙarni na 19.
Daga cikin wannan rukunin farautar kare kare, hausa Cocker Spaniels sun shahara musamman saboda suturar siliki, halaye masu kyau, da fara'a da aiki.
Launin irin waɗannan karnukan na iya zama daban-daban, amma, bisa ga ƙa'idodi, samfurin monochromatic na irin na iya tsayawa tare da farin ɗigo a kirji kawai.
Cocker Spaniel kare
Wani sanannen irin ne aka haɓaka a Ingila.Waɗannan karnukan, waɗanda ake kira masu saiti, suna da kyan gani, jikin tsoka mai nauyin kilogram 30, kunnuwa masu faɗuwa da kuma wutsiyar saber. Mai kafawa – irin farauta, karnuka daga abin da suke da ni'imar falala da gaske.
Gashi na waɗannan halittun gajere ne, mai walƙiya ne kuma mai kauri, yana da farin launi tare da ƙari na baƙi, launin ruwan kasa da launuka ja. Karnuka suna dacewa da yanayin muhalli kuma suna da daidaituwa da yanayinsu don bincika wasan mai fuka-fukai.
Mai shirya farautar kare
Greyhounds ana kiwo don wasan farauta. Dogayen kafafunsu na taimaka wa karnuka su bi abin da suke ganima a cikin buyayyar wuri tare da saurin walƙiya. Greyhound na Rasha shine babban kare mai girma, wanda aka rarrabe shi da zafin rai da ƙarfin zuciya.
A zamanin da, lokacin da masu daraja suka fi yawa cikin farauta, al'ada ce amfani da waɗannan karnuka tare da mahauta, waɗanda ke korar ganima daga dazukan. Wannan ya ba da kyakkyawan sakamako, yayin da greyhounds da sauri suka mamaye dabbobi a cikin buɗaɗɗun wurare kuma cikin sauƙin kamasu.
Rasha kare greyhound kare
Laikas, wanda ƙarni da yawa suka kasance mafi kyawun mataimakan mafarautan arewa a cikin gandun daji na Eurasia, ta kowane asusun, an ayyana su a matsayin makamin abin dogaro don wasan farauta: marten, sable ko squirrel.
Sun fi abin dogara ƙarfi fiye da bindiga, suna da ƙarfi mai matsakaiciyar jiki, gashi mai kauri, kunnuwa masu kusurwa uku da wutsiya mai tsayi. An rarrabe karnuka da launuka iri daban-daban na fari, ja da baƙi a haɗe dangane da mallakar wasu ƙananan abubuwa.
Mafarautan kare fararen Laika
Tabbas, hankali, wanda ya zama abin motsa jiki don ci gaban wayewa, sannu a hankali yakan mallaki ƙirar dadaddun mutane, kuma farauta tana zama tarihi. Amma a zamanin yau, yin tafiya a cikin dazuzzuka tare da bindiga ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin nishaɗi, mai amfani ga lafiyar jiki da yanayin hankali. Kuma abokai masu kafa huɗu - karnuka suna taimakon mutum a cikin wannan.
