Biri mai-ratsi-uku (Aotus trivirgatus) ko biri maraice, ko myrikina na cikin tsarin halittu ne.
Rarrabawar biri mai layi uku.
An rarraba birin mai layi uku (myrikina) a kan yawancin Kudancin Amurka mai zafi, daga arewa zuwa kudu daga Panama zuwa arewacin Argentina. Daga gabas zuwa yamma, zangon ya fadada daga bakin Amazon zuwa ruwan da yake zuwa Peru da Ecuador.
Wannan jinsin yana nan a Colombia tsakanin Rios Vaupes da Inirida. A arewa, a Venezuela, ana samun biri mai ratsi uku a kudu da Rio Orinoco kuma gabas zuwa tsakiyar Rio Caroni. Yankin ya iyakance a arewa kusa da bankin hagu na Rio Negro zuwa bakinsa, a gabas zuwa arewacin Rio Amazonas, da kuma Rio Trombetas.
Wurin zama na biri mai layi uku.
Birai masu taguwar ruwa guda uku ana samunsu a cikin mazauninsu tun daga matakin teku zuwa ƙafa 3,200, tun daga dazuzzuka masu iyaka da savannas. Birai na dare galibi suna zaune a gandun daji na farko da na sakandare (gami da waɗanda ke da gandun daji da ake zaba), a wasu lokutan ambaliyar ruwa da ke da ƙanƙara, dazuzzuka masu ƙafa. Zasu iya tsayayya da ƙarancin kewayon zafin jiki na digiri 28 zuwa 30. Su birrai ne na arboreal kuma suna tafiya daga itace ɗaya zuwa wani a duk tsawon lokacin. Birai masu layi uku sun fi son bishiyoyi masu 'ya'ya masu tsayi tare da kambi mai ci gaba.
Alamomin waje na biri mai-uku-uku.
Birai masu ratsi uku suna da tsayin jiki daga 24 zuwa 48 cm, tsayin wutsiya daga 22 zuwa 42. Maza manya sun auna matsakaita na kilogiram 1.2, mata kuma kilogram 1.0.
A baya, gashin yana launin ruwan kasa, launin toka ko ja mai launin toka mai launin toka, fari ko lemu a gefen. Launin launin ya bambanta dangane da yankin ƙasa, saboda wannan nau'in biri yana samar da nau'ikan rabe-rabe da yawa. Birai masu layi-uku suna da kwararan fitila masu kamshi waɗanda ke yin muhimmin aiki: gano abubuwa ta wari da dare. Suna da manyan idanu masu launin ruwan kasa-orange. Akwai alamomi daban-daban a fuska a cikin fuskar tabo mai kusurwa uku-uku tsakanin idanu, ratsi-ratsi baƙi a gefuna yana sanya farin bakin bakin.
Kiwo biri mai layi uku.
Birai masu layi-uku suna yin nau'i biyu-nau'i. Yayinda ake saduwa, maza suna fitar da kira suna nemowa kansu abokin aure. Dabino yana faruwa a cikin dare a watan Agusta ko Satumba. Mata na ɗaukar zuriya na tsawon kwanaki 133 kuma suna haihuwar maraƙi ɗaya kawai a kowace shekara, kuma ba safai ba 'yan maruƙa. Sun bayyana a cikin kakar yawan yayan itace.
Waɗannan exhiban birrai suna nuna halayyar zamantakewar jama'a, suna rayuwa a cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi waɗanda suka ƙunshi aan biyu daga cikin manya da zuriyar shekaru daban-daban.
Maza suna kula da jarirai (ana ɗauke su da kansu), tsare, wasa da raba abinci. Irin wannan ƙoƙarin yana buƙatar ƙarfin makamashi mai ƙarfi har zuwa watanni huɗu har maraƙin ya girma. Mata na ciyar da everya youngan su kowane bayan awa 2-3. Jarirai suna girma cikin sauri kuma suna kara kiba. Girman babban jaririn halayyar juyin halitta ne, kuma kulawar iyayen biyu tana ba da fa'ida a rayuwar ɗan.
A cikin bauta, maza sukan hayayyafa bayan shekaru 2, kuma mata suna ba da zuriya lokacin da suka kai shekaru 3-4. A cikin daji, maza kawai suna kaiwa girman jiki a kusan shekaru 4, kuma suna yin shekaru 5 da haihuwa.
Halin biri mai kashi uku.
Birai masu rarrafe uku yawanci suna rayuwa ne a rukunin dangi, inda tsofaffin siblingsan uwansu ke zaune tare da iyayensu kuma suna taimaka wajan renon offspringan ƙananarsu. Samari maza sukan rabu da babban rukuni kuma suka kirkiro sabbin biyun.
Halayyar wasa ana lura da ita galibi a cikin matasa birai. Wadannan primates din suna aiki ne da yamma.
Waɗannan dabbobin ƙasa ne waɗanda ke motsawa a cikin kadada 9. Suna kare yankunansu kuma suna nuna zalunci lokacin da suka haɗu da ƙungiyoyin makwabta a kan iyakokin yankunan. Halin tashin hankali ya haɗa da ihu mai ƙarfi, lankwasa tsalle, farauta, da kuma wani lokacin faɗa. Maza da mata suna shiga cikin waɗannan yaƙe-yaƙe. Rikici da wuya ya wuce minti 10, kuma rukuni ɗaya na son ja da baya. Abin sha'awa, birai masu layi uku suna da launi. Kodayake suna da manyan idanu, an daidaita su don gani a cikin yanayin ƙarancin haske, ayyukansu ya dogara da hasken wata kuma an iyakance su a cikin dare mafi duhu.
Hanyar biri mai layi uku.
Birai masu rabe-rabe uku suna cin 'ya'yan itace, tsirrai, furanni, ganye, ƙananan dabbobi, ƙwari. Hakanan suna kara abincin su da abinci mai gina jiki: kadangaru, kwadi da kwai. Lokacin da abinci ya yi karanci, galibi suna neman nectar, ɓaure da ƙwari. A wannan lokacin na shekara, suna da fa'ida ta musamman a kan makamantansu manya-manyan dabbobin ruwa.
Ma'ana ga mutum.
Birai masu layi uku hanya ce ta abinci ga yawancin 'yan asalin yankin Neotropical. Sun tabbatar da kima a matsayin dabbobin dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma ana amfani dasu don nazari da gwaje-gwaje iri daban daban akan nazarin cututtukan dan adam da kuma gano yiwuwar maganin. Ana gwajin magungunan zazzabin cizon sauro a kan birai masu layi uku, domin su ma suna iya daukar kwayoyin cutar zazzabin cizon sauro. A cikin kasuwar, ana sayar da waɗannan ƙwayoyin dabbobi azaman dabbobi.
Matsayin kiyayewa na biri mai-ratsi uku.
Birai masu layi uku suna fuskantar barazanar sare dazuzzuka a Kudancin Amurka.
Waɗannan arean birrai suna da saukin kai don zaɓin sharewa saboda waɗannan ayyukan suna iyakance abinci iri-iri a cikin iyakantaccen yanki da kowace ƙungiya ke rayuwa.
Ana kuma farautar birai masu ratsi uku don naman, fata, kwanyar da haƙoransu. Ana sayar da su a cikin Amurka da wasu ƙasashe a matsayin dabbobin sharar gida da dabbobin gida, wanda ke haifar da raguwar lambobi. A yau, gwamnatocin mafi yawan ƙasashen Kudancin Amurka da Amurka sun hana fitarwa da shigo da birai ratsi-uku, don haka rage tasirin kamun a matsayin barazana. Gidajen zama a cikin yankuna masu kariya a yawancin ƙasashen Kudancin Amurka suma suna ba da gudummawa ga kiyaye wannan nau'in. Abin takaici, saboda matsalolin tattalin arziki da siyasa, ba a aiwatar da dokar hana farauta da sare bishiyoyi a yawancin wadannan yankuna. A cikin Brazil, ana samun birai masu layi uku a cikin yankuna masu kariya na musamman, don haka matakan kariya suna da amfani a kansu.
Birai masu layi uku sun bayyana a CITES Shafi II. A kan Red List na IUCN suna da matsayin Least Damuwa.
