Fasali da mazaunin kwado mai kaifi
Kwaɗi halittu ne gama gari. Wadannan amphibians, ko kuma, kamar yadda ake kiransu, amphibians, ana yadu dasu sosai a cikin hancin fadama da kuma cikin rafin koguna, kuma ana samun su a filayen noma na noma.
A cikin watanni masu ɗumi mai amfani, ana iya lura da irin waɗannan rayayyun halittu a bakin bankunan tafki tare da ɗan ƙaramin yanayi da kuma cikin dazuzzuka. Suna zaune kuma ana samun su a cikin yanayi kusan ko'ina.
Amma musamman na kowa, hankula kuma sanannun mutane kaifi-da kwado, wanda ya sami mafaka a yankuna da yawa na Turai. Wadannan 'yan amshi sun mamaye wuraren da ke da jike har ma da busassun wuraren daji da kuma wuraren dazuzzuka, da yawa suna haduwa da murna da gefuna, da ciyawar ciyawa mai wadata da kuma cikin dazuzzuka a tsakanin ramuka.
Ko da ciyawar filayen shakatawa da murabba'ai na manyan biranen na iya zama mazaunin kaifin-kwadi... Ana samun su a cikin Carpathians da Altai, an rarraba su daga yankunan kudu na Yugoslavia zuwa yankuna na arewacin Scandinavia, da kuma gabashin gabas ta hanyar babban yankin Rasha har zuwa tsaunin tsaunin Ural.
Wadannan halittu suna da matsakaiciyar girma, galibi ba su wuce 7 cm ba, kuma jikinsu ya ninka tsawon kafafu biyu. Kamar yadda kake gani akan hoto mai kaifin-kwadi. 'yan amshi
Babban bangon baya na waɗannan halittu yawanci launin ruwan kasa ne, wanda za a iya ƙara inuwar zaitun, ruwan hoda da launuka masu rawaya, mai alama da duhu mara fasali, girmansu daban-daban, aibobi ba wai kawai a baya ba, har ma a tarnaƙi. Wani lokaci ana ƙara stripe na haske mai tsawo zuwa cikakken launi na saman. Fata a kan cinyoyi da gefuna santsi ne.
A cikin hoton, namijin goro mai kaifi-da-yaji a lokacin saduwa
Ta hanyar gudanarwa bayanin kaifin-yaji kwado, ya kamata a ambaci cewa ana iya gane maza ta hanyar shudi mai launin shudi wanda yake da shi a lokacin saduwa, sabanin ta mata masu launin ruwan kasa ko mai ja, haka kuma ta hanyar kira mai zafi a farkon yatsan ƙafarta.
Akwai, ƙari ma, isassun alamu waɗanda ke ba da damar rarrabewa kaifin fuska da ciyawar kwadi... Daga cikin su akwai tubercle na kalifa, wanda yake da tsayi sosai a cikin amphibians na farko.
A karshen, yana da kusan zagaye. Bugu da kari, kwadin ciyawa suna da tabo a ciki. Akwai wasu alamun, amma babban fasalin bayyanar amphibian shine ƙulli mai kaifi, wanda shine dalilin sunan.
Jinsin bai cika bayyana ba taxonomy na kaifi-da kwado... Yawancin lokaci waɗannan halittun suna cikin ƙungiyar launin kwadi ne mai ruwan kasa, suna la'akari da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin wakilai da yawa na nau'ikan amphibians marasa ƙoshin dabbobi na gida.
Yanayi da salon rayuwa mai kaifin-kwadin
Amphibians wakilai ne masu jini-sanyi na duniyar dabbobi ta duniya. Saboda haka, yin a takaice bayanin kwadi, Ba shi yiwuwa a lura cewa ayyukan irin wadannan halittu suna dogaro da yanayin dumamawa ta hanyar hasken rana na iska mai kewaye.
A cikin yanayi mai dumi, suna cike da rayuwa, amma da zaran zafin jiki ya ɗan sauka kadan, sun riga sun zama ba sa iya aiki da motsi. Rashin ruwa na iya lalata su, saboda amphibians suna numfasawa ba kawai tare da huhu ba, har ma ta cikin fata, wanda ke buƙatar matakin ƙarancin iska.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa irin waɗannan halittu ba sa saurin barin jikin ruwa a nesa da suka wuce mita dubu da yawa. Kuma kasancewar suna kan tudu, suna neman tsari daga fitowar rana mai zafi tsakanin ganyen da suka fadi, karkashin bishiyoyi da kuma ciyawar ciyawa.
A ranar bazara, yawanci sukan huta a ƙasan jikin ruwa. Lokacin da kaka ta zo, kwaɗi suna zuwa neman wurare don hunturu, wanda suke ciyarwa a ruɓaɓɓen kututture, ganye da rassa, a cikin kaburburan da aka watsar da ƙananan dabbobi da ramuka, wani lokacin a cikin gidajen ƙasa.
Sau da yawa masoyan namun daji suna kiyayewa kaifi-fuska kwadi a cikin ɗakin a cikin karamar terrarium, mara zurfin, amma babba ne a yankin, tare da tafki na roba da ciyayi masu dacewa.
Girman gidan kwadi yawanci kusan lita 40 ne, kuma saman terrarium an rufe shi da raga, wanda yake da ƙarfi sosai, amma ta inda iska ke wucewa. Amphibians ba sa buƙatar ƙarin dumama da haske.
Cin kwado mai kaifi
Abincin kwaɗi ya dogara da yanayi kuma, hakika, a yankin da suke rayuwarsu. Sun kasance masu farauta, kuma dogon harshe mai ɗanko yana taimaka musu don samun abinci da farauta (galibi da yamma), wanda zai iya kama farautar da ta dace a cikin ƙiftawar ido.
Babban abincin waɗannan rayayyun halittu shine kwari. Suna iya zama kwari, sauro, wanda kwadi ke kama kai tsaye a kan tashi, gizo-gizo, tururuwa da ƙwaro, da kuma ire-iren ɓarna iri-iri: tsutsar cikin ƙasa da mollusks. Waɗannan kwaɗin suna iya cin abinci a kan danginsu.
Kowane mutum yana da ƙaramin yanki (kimanin murabba'in mita ɗari uku) yankin ciyarwa, inda suke nemo wa kansu abinci, suna farauta, kuma suna kiyaye shi daga sababbin masu shigowa. Idan, saboda wasu dalilai, babu wadataccen abinci a irin wannan yankin, kwaɗi masu saurin gudu a hankali zasu fara yin ƙaura don neman wurare masu kyau.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na kaifin-kwadin kwado
Rayuwar waɗannan halittu masu narkewa suna farawa a cikin ruwa. A cikin wannan yanayin ne, galibi a cikin ruwa mai zurfin ruwa, a kan ƙananan ruwa waɗanda ciyawa ta cika su, a cikin ramuka da kududdufai, ana ajiye ƙwai, kuma wannan shi ne daidai yadda ake kiwo kwado mai kaifi... Wannan na faruwa ne a farkon bazara, da zaran dusar kankara ta narke, kuma ruwan yana da lokacin da zai dan dumi kadan. Zamanin lokacin haihuwa ya ƙare kuma tuni ya fara haihuwa a cikin Mayu.
Kwaɗi-kaifi masu kaifi a lokacin kiwo
Adadin kwayayen mace daya, mai girman sama da rabin santimita, ana kiyasta cikin dari ko ma dubbai. Bayan an kwan kwai, shigar uwar kwadago a harkar haihuwa ya kare, kuma namiji yana kiyaye zuriya.
Amma har ma da faɗakarwarsa ba zai iya ceton kwadi na gaba daga masifu masu ban tsoro ba. Kadan daga cikin qwai ne suka tsira suka kai ga yin girma. Yana faruwa sau da yawa cewa 'ya'yan sun lalace, da wuri don yin gasa, hasken rana, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga bushewar ruwa da wuri.
Lokacin haɓaka ƙwai ya dogara da yanayin kewaye da ɓoye na yanayin kuma yana iya wucewa daga kwana 5 zuwa makonni uku, bayan haka ƙyanƙyashe ƙyanƙyashe, wanda tadpoles ya bayyana a cikin wata ɗaya ko uku.
A cikin hoton, wani ɗan kwadon kwado
Mallakar launi mai duhu, jarirai, sabanin iyayensu, suna da gaskiya, idan aka kwatanta da girmansu, wata babbar wutsiya, girmanta ninki biyu. Kuma kawai bayan wata guda, suna da gaɓoɓi na al'ada, suna fara numfashi tare da huhu, kuma wutsiyar ƙarshe ta ɓace.
Waɗannan halittu suna rayuwa na kimanin shekaru 12, idan ba su zama waɗanda ke fama da masu cin abincin da suka faranta musu rai ba. Foxes, badgers, ferrets da sauran dabbobi suna cikin dabi'ar farautar kwadi, da tsuntsaye - hankaka, dorinar ruwa, duwalai. Hakanan, makiyan wadannan amphibians macizai ne.
