Mutane suna danganta halayen mutum zuwa dabbobi kuma suna samun taushi a cikin wannan. Dolphins dabbobi masu shayarwa ne daga tsarin cetaceans, tare da halaye na musamman.
Abilitiesarfin ikon su ta wata hanyar har ma sun wuce Homo sapiens. Daga 19 jinsi, nau'ikan 40 na haƙoran whale, dabbar dolfin, wanda yafi kowa, idan an ambaci dolphins, hotonsa ne yake fitowa.
Bayani da siffofin dolphin ɗin kwalba
Me yasa hakori? A cikin teku, hakora basa yin aikin taunawa; suna aiki ne don kama kifi, molluscs, da crustaceans. Shin dabbar dolfin akwai da yawa daga cikinsu, daga 100 zuwa 200, suna da sifa iri-iri, kuma suna cikin kankana-kankana.
Hanyoyin hancin suna haɗuwa zuwa buɗewa ɗaya a matattarar ƙwanƙolin kai, goshin kanta mai gamsarwa ne. Mulos din yana da tsayi, kai karami ne (har zuwa 60 cm), amma akwai karin sau biyu a cikin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa (nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 1.7) fiye da na mutane (matsakaicin nauyin 1.4 kg).
Dolphins na ƙwallon bakin suna da hakora har 200 a cikin bakinsu
Kodayake masana kimiyya suna jayayya game da dogaro da kwakwalwar kwakwalwa game da mamayar hankali, akwai wani abu a cikin wannan. Tsarin numfashi yana aiki ta hanyar ɓoye a saman kai.
Saboda siririnsu, ingantaccen yanayin jikinsu, suna da sauƙin kai da motsi. Daga cikin mahaifa 7, 5 suna hade. Gidaje daga mita 2 zuwa 3.5. Mata basu kai 15-20 cm ba.Hakawan nauyin shine 300 kg. A matsayinka na mai mulki, launin jikin yana da launi biyu.
Bayan baya launin toka ne mai launin toka zuwa launin ruwan kasa, cikin yana da haske fari mai haske ga launin ja. Wani lokaci akan sami dabbobi masu alamu a gefuna, amma ba a iya faɗan samfuran sosai, suna canzawa.
Da yake magana game da bayanin dolphin dolphin, fincinsa wanda yake kan kirji, baya da wutsiya sun cancanci kulawa ta musamman. Finsun suna da alhakin musayar zafin rana mai shayarwa tare da mahalli.
Idan aka keta wannan, sau da yawa saboda zafin rai, muhimman ayyukan dabbar dolfin suna rikicewa, wanda zai iya haifar da mutuwa. An yi imanin cewa suna da abokantaka, maraba, amma har yanzu dabbobi ne. Fushinsu ya bayyana a cikin harin, ya buge da jela, da cizon abokan gaba. Yana faruwa cewa suna farauta tare tare da sharks.
Kyakkyawan yanayi yana bayyana kansa cikin taɓawa, shafawa. A lokaci guda, na musamman sautunan dolphin na kwalba Suna da nasu tsarin na sigina na sauti, kwatankwacin ɗan adam:
- sauti, sauti, magana;
- sakin layi, mahallin, yare.
Siginonin Cetacean suna sauka a manyan mitar ultrasonic har zuwa 200 kHz, kunnenmu yana hangowa har zuwa 20 kHz. Don fahimta menene sautin dolphins na kwalba, ya kamata a bambanta:
- "Furuhu" ko "chirping" (wani lokacin kamar haushi) - ana bayyana shi yayin sadarwa tare da 'yan uwanmu' yan kabila, haka kuma lokacin da ake nuna yanayi;
- sonar (echolocation) - don bincika halin da ake ciki, gano matsalolin, lokacin farauta.
Sonar ce ta ultrasonic wacce ake amfani da ita wajen kula da mutane tare da maganin zootherapy.
Bottlenose salon rayuwar dabbar dolphin da mazauninsu
Ruwa na duk Tekun Duniya, sau da yawa sau da yawa sanyi, mafi yawan lokuta dumi, gida ne na dabbobi. Amma akwai wuraren da tabbas zaku haɗu da su:
- Tsibirin Greenland;
- Tekun kasar Norway da Baltic;
- Bahar Rum, Red, Tekun Caribbean;
- Tekun Meziko;
- kusa da yankunan New Zealand, Argentina da Japan.
Suna jagorancin salon rayuwa, amma zasu iya yawo. Dabbar dolfin kwalba tana zaune a cikin keɓaɓɓiyar al'umma wacce a ciki akwai ƙungiyoyi (manya, masu girma, ga yara ƙanana).
Dabbar dolfin kwalba ta hoto
Waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa na iya samun halin canzawa, haɗuwa cikin manyan garken tumaki, bar su, zaɓi waɗansu. Duk da yake suna cikin zaman talala, suna da nasu tsarin. Jagora ana tantance ta ne ta hanyar sigogin jiki, adadin shekaru, jinsi.
Saurin motsi yana zuwa 6 km / h, iyakar iyakarsa har zuwa 40 km / h, suna tsalle har zuwa mita 5 a tsayi. Suna son yin bacci kusa da saman ruwa, amma yayin bacci ɗaya daga cikin sassan duniya koyaushe yakan kasance a farke.
Raba nau'ikan dabbar dolfin kwalba:
- bakin teku;
- Indiya;
- Ostiraliya;
- gabas mai nisa.
Har zuwa mutane dubu 7 suna rayuwa a cikin Bahar Maliya bakin teku dolphin dolphinse dolphin, lambar su na raguwa. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon gurbatar muhalli, da ci gaban jigilar kayayyaki a duniya, da kuma farauta.
Dabbar dolfin ta fi son kwanciya a gefen ruwa
Haɗarin fasahar kere-kere ta hanyar rijiyoyin mai, sonars, atisayen soja, binciken girgizar ƙasa, suna da lahani ga duk mazaunan duniyar ruwa. Saboda haka, da rashin alheri, dolphin ta kwalba a cikin littafin ja ba matsayi na karshe a cikin halaka ba.
Bottlenose dabbar dolphin abinci
Lokacin neman abinci, wasu dabbobi sukan yi farauta da daddare. Sardines, anchovies, croaker, bass teku ana ɗaukarsu abincin da aka fi so. An zaɓi wanda aka azabtar a cikin girman 5 - 30 cm a tsayi.
Amma tsarin abincinsu ya fi fadi, ya danganta da mazaunin, hatta ƙananan invertebrates da aka samu kusa da bakin teku ana farautar su. Suna ciyar da mutum daban-daban kuma a cikin farautar rukuni.
Wannan wata hanya ce ta musamman, lokacin da garken dabbobi masu shayarwa da ke amfani da echolocation suka bi kifin, suka kwankwasa su cikin wani dami mai tarin yawa. Akwai lokutan da suke taimakon masunta ta hanyar jan kunnen raga cikin raga.
Abincin yau da kullun ya bambanta daga kilogiram 5 zuwa kilogram 16. Kunnawa hoto dabbar dolfin kwalba galibi ana nuna su kamar ruwa a cikin ruwa, ilimin aikin su na ba su damar nutsuwa har zuwa mita 300.
Lokacin neman abinci, galibi suna nitsewa zuwa zurfin da bai wuce mita 100 ba, zauna a ƙarƙashin ruwa har zuwa mintuna 7, mafi yawan lokacin ruwa yana zuwa mintina 15. Sannan suna buƙatar shan iska. Ko da lokacin da suke bacci a cikin ruwa, a hankula, ba tare da farkawa ba, saman don sha iska mai kyau.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na dabbar dolfin kwalba
Lokacin bazara da bazara lokaci ne mai dacewa don haifuwa. Mace tana da shekaru 5 kuma namiji yana da iyaye a shekara 8. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa game da dabbar dolfin kwalba sune auren mata fiye da daya da kuma ikon iya haɗawa da cetaceans na wasu ƙananan ƙananan.
Rutanin dindindin yana daga kwana 3 zuwa makonni da yawa. A wannan lokacin, dabbobi masu shayarwa suna yin iyo a yanayi na musamman, suna lankwasa jikinsu, suna yin boun, suna cizon, suna shafawa da ƙeje da kai. Gabatarwar tana tare da sigina na sauti.
Dabino yana faruwa a kan tafi kuma fiye da sau ɗaya. Ciki yana ɗaukar kusan shekara guda, kafin haihuwa, mutum ya zama mai rauni, mai rauni. Jariri ya bayyana a ƙarƙashin ruwa, wutsiya ta fara fitowa, haihuwa na iya ɗaukar tsawon awanni 2.
A ƙarshen aikin, duk garken yana cike da farin ciki, suna murna, kuma jariri tare da mahaifiyarsa da "karjin" na mata, suna yin shawagi zuwa sama don ɗaukar farkon iska.
A cikin hoton, dabbar dolfin kwalba mai ɗumi da 'ya'yan cubs
Lokacin da ya bayyana, theyan kwabin yana da tsayi har zuwa 60 cm, nan da nan yana ƙoƙari ya sami kan nono na mace. Da farko, dolphin baya barin mahaifiyarsa, yana shayar da madara ne har tsawon watanni 18 ko sama da haka, wanda ta fuskar yawan kayan mai ya wuce na saniya. Ya ɗanɗana abinci mai ƙarfi bayan watanni 4 na rayuwa.
Tsarin haifuwa yayi kama da mutum. Haka kuma cututtukan suna kama, sun san menene bugun jini ko bugun zuciya. Rayuwar waɗannan dabbobi masu ban mamaki na iya ɗaukar shekara 40.
