Fasali da mazaunin matattakalar steppe
Dybka Stepnaya - wakilin dake tattare da hadari daga cikin manyan ciyawar da ke Rasha. Wannan kwaron yana da wahalar gani a waje a mazaunin sa na asali. Amma idan sa'a tayi murmushi, zai yuwu a hadu da irin wadannan halittu masu wuya, a same su a cikin gandun daji wadanda suka mamaye da itaciya, a kan tsaunuka da gangaren da rana tayi dumu-dumu, a yankuna masu karamin kasa wadanda ke da ciyayi da ciyayi da ciyawar daji, haka kuma a cikin kwazazzabai masu duwatsu cike da kananan bishiyoyi. ...
Menene takalmin tarko yayi kama?? Koren ne, wani lokacin kuma yana da launin ruwan kasa mai launin rawaya, babban ciyawar ciyawa. Wasu lokuta wakilan wannan nau'in sukan kai tsawon cm 9. Akwai kananan mutane, amma a dabi'a yana iya haduwa da ciyawar da ta fi girma, galibi tsayinsu ya kai 15 cm.
Gabanta yana kaɗewa a tsaye. Akwai ƙaya a kan cinyoyi da ƙafafun halittun da ke nesa. Hind femora siririya ce doguwa, amma ba ta da ƙarfi ba. Ta yaya zaku iya shawo kan hoto na steppe tara, insectsananan kwari sune ma'abuta babban ovipositor mai siffa saber, wanda ya kai girma har zuwa 76 mm.
Wadannan wakilai na fauna, waɗanda aka ɗauka mafi girma a cikin ciyawar Rasha, suna cikin umarnin Orthoptera. Bayani na takalmin tarko ba zai cika ba tare da ambaton cewa wasu membobin wannan nau'in, a zahiri, suna da fikafikai marasa aiki, amma galibi ba sa nan. Mahalli na irin waɗannan rayayyun halittu ya fi mamaye yankin Bahar Rum da kudancin Turai, gami da Balkans, Apennines da Pyrenees, da kuma yankin Kirimiya.
Manyan ciyawar ciyawa sun bazu a ƙetaren mashigar da ke kusa da gabar Bahar Maliya, har zuwa yammacin Asiya, har ma da gabashin gabas da kudancin Turai.
Bugu da kari, an taba kawo irin wadannan kwari don kiwo a Amurka. A Rasha, ina steppe rack an jera a cikin littafin ja, ana samun wannan iri a Chelyabinsk, Rostov, Voronezh, Kharkov da wasu yankuna.
Yanayi da hanyar rayuwar takun tsaka
Orthopedic ciyawar fure agwagwa rayuwa mai aiki tana farawa ne daga farkon magariba, tana ci gaba da ayyukanta da daddare. Hanya mafi dacewa don kiyaye waɗannan rayayyun halittu shine farkon tafiya a lokacin bazara. A lokacin da aka ambata a baya na rana, marigayi ciyawa har yanzu ba su sami damar shiga mafaka ta kwana ba, inda a tsakar rana suke ta ƙoƙarin ɓoyewa daga hasken rana mai zafi.
Wadannan gwarzayen tsakanin kwari basa da kwanciyar hankali a yanayi. Lokacin da haɗari ya taso, musamman ma ƙafafun baya masu faɗa, kamar yadda suke faɗa, sai su tashi tsaye su buɗe abubuwan al'ajabinsu masu ban tsoro tare da ɓatattun jajayen ja da ke kan madafun iko.
Tare da dabi'unsu, wadannan kwari kwatankwacin kamannin addu'o'in mutum, kasancewar su kwanton bauna ne. Kuma wannan yana nufin cewa, fita farauta don neman abinci, suna jiran awanni na waɗanda abin ya shafa, suna shuka a ɓoye ɓoye a cikin ciyawa mai yawa.
Tsananin irin wadannan kwari ya bayyana ne ba kawai ga makiya da masu laifi ba, har ma ga danginsu. Kuma cin naman mutane shine sana'ar da tafi kowa yawa a tsakanin irin waɗannan halittu masu rai, masu girma da son yaƙi ga ƙaramar duniyar masu juyawar halitta.
Af, rashin tausayi a cikin halakar da ire-irensu yana taimakawa ga raguwar mutane masu yawan ciyawar, wanda ƙarancin lambobinsu ma sun zama dalilin gabatarwar. steppe rack a cikin littafin Red... Baya ga abin da ke sama, yanayin wannan bazuwar nau'in kwari yana da alaƙa da ci gaban ɗan adam na yankuna mallakar asalinsu.
Noman steppes, ravines da lowlands, wanda ya cika da shuke-shuke da ciyawar ciyawa mai danshi, don amfanin su a ayyukan noma, da kuma amfani da magungunan ƙwari da abubuwa masu cutarwa, ba zai iya ba amma ya shafi rayuwar kwari ta hanyar bakin ciki.
Gurbatar muhalli da sauran sauye-sauyen muhalli kawai sun kara dagula yanayin da ake ciki. A kudu maso gabashin Asiya, yawan ciyawar ciyawa na wahala, a tsakanin wasu dalilai, sakamakon bacewar ciyawar bangon da ke hade da ci gaban hamada.
Dybka na iya zama na dogon lokaci a cikin ciyawa suna jiran ganima
A Rasha steppe tara mai kariya ta jihar, kuma ana amfani da wuraren shakatawa da wuraren ajiyar ƙasa don rayar da wannan nau'in. Hakanan, ana aikin aiki don gano yankuna, inda akeyin tarko... A cikin irin waɗannan yankuna ne aka samar da yanayi wanda ke taimakawa ga karuwar yawan katuwar ciyawar.
Koyaya, waɗannan halittu masu son farauta a ɗabi'a suna da maƙiyan maƙiyansu na ƙarami kaɗan, amma suna da babbar haɗari ga ƙattai. Wannan barazanar ba ta duniya kamar bala'in muhalli ba, kuma makiya ba su da iko kamar mutane. Makiyan da aka ambata ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ne waɗanda, sanya ƙwayoyin kunu, suna cinye waɗannan manyan ciyawar da ke tsoratar da su daga ciki.
Stepe ciyarwa
Menene tsinken tarko yake ci? Babban ciyawar farauta masu haɗari da farauta masu nasara. Suna kwanto don jiran waɗanda abin ya shafa, waɗanda ke yin addu'oi na fari, fara, ƙaramar fara, ƙuda da ƙwaro, kamar yadda aka ambata, suna ɓuya a cikin daji ko tsakanin ciyawar.
Duck yana da kyau a ɓoye a cikin ciyawa saboda launin jiki
Abincin da ake samu daga kwari mai laushi ya hada nau'ikan dangin danginsa na kwari, amma wadannan dabbobin suna kokarin gujewa wasu daga cikinsu saboda dalilai daban-daban. Wadannan sun hada da kwari da ke iya fitar da ruwa mai wari; larvae na ƙwaro, waɗanda ke da murfin kariya, manyan malam buɗe ido ne, tun da irin wannan abincin yana toshe kayan aikin bakin da ke kashe su.
Lokacin farauta ciyawar fure Samun canza launin kamanni mai nasara yana taimakawa ƙwarai, kuma tsarin jikin halittu masu rai baya barin abokan hamayya da waɗanda abin ya shafa su sauƙaƙa musu a tsakanin tsirrai, ciyawa da kuma guntun shuke-shuke. Yayinda suke jiran farautar su, wani lokaci farauta suna nuna tsananin haƙuri, suna zazzaɓin dare gaba ɗaya, suna ɓoyewa a cikin dogon ciyawa, wanda ke zama masaukin su na yau da kullun.
Masana ilimin halitta, sanya irin wannan kwarin a cikin kwantena na musamman, galibi suna lura da yadda manyan yatsun kafa ke cin eatan uwansu danginsu. Ya kamata a san cewa halittun da aka bayyana suna iya yin yunwa na wani lokaci, amma a irin waɗannan mawuyacin kwanakin don jikinsu suna iya cinye ko da sassan jikinsu.
Sake haifuwa da tsinkayen rayuwa na tsayuwar mataka
Ana iya samun larvae na waɗannan kwari a kan shrubs, ƙananan bishiyoyi da cikin ciyawa mai yawa. Suna yin hunturu a cikin ƙasa kuma ƙyanƙyashewa a kusan 12 mm a cikin girma.
Don haka, ya zama cewa ƙarni na manyan ciyawar an sabunta su kusan a cikin Mayu-Yuni. Tsutsa daga tsatson mai tsaka-tsalle, kamar manya na waɗannan halittun, masu yawan gaske ne kuma masu cin nama.
Steppe mace da namiji
Kwaro steppe tara halayyar mutum, wacce ba safai ake samun kwayar halittar da ke raye ba, nau'in yaduwar halittu, mai asali, a matsayin mai mulkin, sai a halittun farko.
Mahimmancin waɗannan hanyoyin shine ikon ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta su ci gaba a jikin mahaifiya ba tare da haɗuwa ba. A cikin mahalli na asali, akwai ƙirar mata na katuwar ciyawar mata; ba a samo maza a cikin yanayi ba.
Amma galibi masana ilimin halitta marasa ƙwarewa suna ɗaukar mutane tare da ɓarkewar ɓarna don haɓakar namiji. Ci gaban halittu masu tasowa yana faruwa a cikin kowane wata. Cikakken samfurin wannan nau'in ciyawar ciyawa ya isa girman su na ƙarshe a farkon Yuli.
Kuma bayan wata guda daga baya, mutanen da suka balaga da kansu sun riga sun sami damar shiga cikin haifuwa, sanya ƙura ba kawai a kan ciyawa da ciyawar ba, har ma a cikin ƙasa mai laushi ko ƙasa mai ƙarfi ta hanyoyin ƙasar.
Kuma wannan aikin yana nan har zuwa farkon watan Satumba. Kasancewa cikin himmar samar da irinsu yana faruwa ne a duk rayuwar ciyawar ciyawa, kuma koda bayan mutuwar mata, yana yiwuwa a sami ƙwai da yawa a jikinsu.
Yawancin kwatancen da aka bayyana yawanci ana ajiye su a cikin gidajen nurseries da kuma greenhouses Tsawon rayuwar irin wadannan halittu masu rai gajere ne kuma yan makonni ne kawai. Kuma bayan sun gama aikin haihuwarsu, da sannu zasu mutu.
