Da yawa daga cikinmu mun sami labarin wannan aƙalla sau ɗaya a rayuwarmu. dabba, kamar yadda bauna, wanda ya bambanta da bijimin gida a cikin girmansa da girman jikinsa, da kuma kasancewar manyan ƙaho.
Wadannan dabbobin da aka kofato sun kasu kashi biyu manyan halittu, sune Indiyawan da Afirka. Hakanan, tamarou da anoa suma suna cikin dangin bauna.
Kowane jinsi yana da nasa halaye a cikin hanyar da yanayin rayuwa, mazauninsu, da sauransu, wanda zan so in dan faɗi kadan game da su a cikin labarinmu da nunawa. hoto kowane nau'i bauna.
Abubuwan buffalo da mazauninsu
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, buffaloes sun kasu kashi 2. Na farko, Ba'indiye, galibi ana samunsa a arewa maso gabashin Indiya, kazalika a wasu yankuna na Malesiya, Indochina da Sri Lanka. Buffalo na Afirka na biyu.
Baƙon Indiya
Wannan dabbar ta fi son wurare tare da ciyawa masu tsayi da ciyawar dawa, waɗanda ke kusa da ruwa da fadama, duk da haka, wani lokacin ma tana rayuwa ne a cikin tsaunuka (a tsawan kilomita 1.85 a saman teku). An ɗauke shi ɗayan manyan bijimai na daji, ya kai tsayin 2 m kuma nauyin sama da tan 0.9. bayanin buffalo zaka iya lura:
- Jikinta mai yawa, an lullube shi da gashin baki-mai kwalliya;
- kafafun kafafu, wadanda launinsa ya zama fari zuwa kasa;
- mai fadi da kai tare da madaurin murabba'i mai siffar murabba'i, wanda galibi aka saukar da shi ƙasa;
- manyan ƙaho (har zuwa 2 m), lankwasawa ta hanyar zagaye na zagaye na zagaye ko juyawa zuwa wurare daban-daban ta hanyar baka. Suna triangular a giciye;
- dogon wutsiya tare da tassel mai ƙarfi a ƙarshen;
Afirka bauna yana zaune kudu da Sahara, kuma, musamman, a yankuna da keɓaɓɓun wurare da wuraren ajiyar ruwa, suna zaɓar yankuna tare da manyan ciyawar ciyawa masu tsayi da ciyawa masu kauri, waɗanda ke kusa da wuraren da ruwa yake da kuma gandun daji. Wannan nau'in, ya bambanta da na Indiya, ya fi ƙanƙanta. Baƙon babban mutum yana da yanayin tsayi har zuwa 1.5 m, kuma nauyinsa ya kai tan 0.7.
Buffalo Filipino tamarou
Wani fasali na dabba shine kahon buffalosuna da daraja sosai a matsayin ganimar farauta. Su, farawa daga saman kai, suna motsawa ta hanyoyi daban-daban kuma suna girma da farko ƙasa da baya, sannan sama da gefen, don haka ƙirƙirar hular kariya. Bugu da ƙari, ƙahonin suna da ƙarfi sosai kuma galibi suna kai tsawon 1 m.
An rufe jikin da siririn baƙin baƙin gashi. Dabbar tana da jela doguwa da gashi. Buffalo kaitare da manyan kunnuwa, wadanda aka kewaya da su, ana siffanta shi da gajere da fadi da kuma kauri, wuya mai karfi.
Sauran wakilan waɗannan kayan fasaha sune Filipino bauna tamarow da pygmy bauna anoa. Wani fasali na waɗannan dabbobin shine tsayin su, wanda yake 1 m na farko, da na 0.9 m na biyu.
Dwarf buffalo anoa
Tamarou yana zaune ne kawai a wuri ɗaya, wato a kan filayen ajiya. Mindoro, da anoa ana iya samun su game da. Sulawesi kuma suna daga cikin dabbobin da aka lissafa a littafin Red Book na duniya.
Hakanan Anoa ya kasu kashi biyu: mai tsaunuka da mara ƙasa. Ya kamata a sani cewa duk bauna yana da ƙanshin ƙamshi, ji mai ɗaci, amma rashin gani sosai.
Yanayi da salon bauna
Duk wakilan dangin bauna suna da saurin tashin hankali a yanayi. Misali, ana ɗaukar Ba'indirke ɗa daga cikin halittu masu haɗari, tunda ba shi da asali cikin tsoron mutum ko wata dabba.
Godiya ga tsananin ƙamshi, zai iya jin warin baƙo kuma ya auka masa (mafi haɗari a wannan batun mata ne masu kare theira theiransu). Duk da cewa wannan nau'ikan an kirkireshi ne tun a farkon shekara ta 3 BC. e., har yau ba dabbobi bane masu son jama'a, saboda suna da saurin fushi kuma suna iya fadawa cikin ta'adi.
A ranaku masu zafi sosai, wannan dabbar tana son kusan nutsar da kanta cikin laka mai laushi ko ɓoye a cikin inuwar ciyayi. A lokacin rutting, wadannan bijimai na daji sukan taru a kananan kungiyoyi wadanda zasu iya samar da garke.
Na Afirka an bambanta shi da tsoron mutum, wanda koyaushe yake ƙoƙarin tserewa daga gare shi. Koyaya, a yanayin da za'a ci gaba da bin sa, zai iya kai hari ga maharbin, kuma a wannan yanayin harsashi da aka harba a kansa ne kawai zai iya dakatar da shi.
Buffalo na Afirka
Wannan dabbar tana yawan yin shiru, lokacin da ta firgita, tana fitar da sautuka kamar na saniya. Hakanan abin shaƙatawa ne da aka fi so don birgima cikin laka ko fantsama a cikin kandami.
Suna zaune ne a cikin garken dabbobi, a cikinsu akwai kawuna 50-100 (akwai har zuwa 1000), wadanda tsofaffin mata ke jagoranta. Koyaya, yayin rutsi, wanda ke faruwa a farkon watanni biyu na shekara, garken ya rabu zuwa ƙananan rukuni.
Anoa da ke zaune a cikin daji da gandun daji suma suna da kunya sosai. Suna rayuwa galibi sannu a hankali, sau da yawa sau biyu-biyu, kuma a wasu lokuta mawuyacin yanayi sukan hadu cikin kungiyoyi. Suna son yin wanka laka.
Abinci
Buffalo suna ciyarwa galibi da sassafe da kuma yamma, ban da anoa, wanda ke kiwo da safe kawai. Abincin ya hada da abubuwa masu zuwa:
- Don Indiyawan - manyan tsire-tsire na dangin hatsi;
- Ga Afirka - tsire-tsire daban-daban;
- Don dwarfs - tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, harbe, ganye, 'ya'yan itatuwa har ma da tsire-tsire na ruwa.
Duk buffalo suna da irin wannan tsarin narkar da abinci wanda yake halayyar dabbobi, inda da farko ake tara abinci a rumen ciki da narkar da rabin an sake gyara shi, sannan a sake taunawa a sake hadiye shi.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Buffalo na Indiya suna da tsawon shekaru 20. Tuni daga shekara 2, sun balaga a cikin jima'i kuma suna da damar haifuwa.
Bakon ruwa
Bayan rutsi, mace, wacce take dauke da juna biyu tsawon watanni 10, tana kawo 'yan maru'an 1-2. Kubiyoci sun fi ban tsoro a bayyane, an rufe su da farin ulu mai kauri.
Suna girma cikin sauri, don haka cikin sa'a guda sun riga sun iya shan nono daga mahaifiyarsu, kuma bayan watanni shida gaba ɗaya suna canzawa zuwa makiyaya. Wadannan dabbobin ana daukar su manya ne tun daga shekaru 3-4.
Buffalo na Afirka suna da matsakaicin rayuwa na shekaru 16. Bayan rutsawa, a lokacin da mummunan yaƙe-yaƙe ke faruwa tsakanin maza don mallakar mace, mai nasara ya saka mata cikin. Mace tana da ciki, wanda yakan ɗauki watanni 11.
Yaƙin Buffalo na Afirka
A cikin buffaloes dwarf, rut bai dogara da yanayi ba, lokacin gest shine kimanin watanni 10. Tsawon rayuwa ya fara ne daga shekaru 20-30.
Idan na takaita, zan so in yi muku karin bayani kan rawar da wadannan dabbobi ke takawa a rayuwar dan adam. Wannan ya shafi galibi baƙon Indiya, waɗanda aka daɗe suna gida. Sau da yawa ana amfani dasu a aikin aikin gona, inda zasu iya maye gurbin dawakai (a cikin rabo na 1: 2).
Buffalo-zaki yaƙi
Hakanan shahararrun mutane sune kayayyakin kiwo da aka samo daga madarar bauna, musamman cream. DA fatar bauna amfani dashi wurin samun takalmin takalmi Amma ga nau'ikan Afirka, ya shahara sosai da mutane farauta domin wannan bauna.
