Fasali da mazaunin kunkuru
Wakilin gama gari na dabbobi masu rarrafe shine Kunkuru mai fadama... Tsawon jikin wannan halitta daga 12 zuwa 35 cm, nauyi kusan kilogram daya da rabi ne ko kuma dan kadan.
Kamar yadda aka gani akan hoto, kunkuru ba shi da wahala a rarrabe daga masu haɗuwa ta tsarin mai zagaye, ƙananan bawo, wanda aka haɗa a gefen da ƙananan jikin ta jijiyoyin roba; kazalika da rashin baki a fuskar dabbobi masu rarrafe da siffofin waje masu zuwa:
- launi na harsashi na iya zama baƙar fata, launin ruwan kasa ko zaitun;
- fata da aka rufe da rawaya rawaya yana da launi mai launi;
- dalibin lemu ko idanun rawaya galibi duhu ne;
- ƙafafunsu tare da membranes na ninkaya da dogayen ƙafafu;
- wutsiya, wacce take taka rawar rudani lokacin da take motsi a kan ruwa, ta yi tsayi sosai.
Ana rarraba wakilan jinsin kunkuru a cikin Turai, ana iya samun su a Gabas ta Tsakiya, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, da kuma a yankunan arewa maso yammacin Afirka.
Suna zaune cikin gandun daji, gandun daji da yankunan tsaunuka, suna ƙoƙari su zauna kusa da gaɓoɓin ruwa, suna rayuwa ba kawai cikin fadama ba, kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, amma a cikin koguna, koguna, koguna da tafkuna.
Yanayi da salon rayuwar kunkuru
Wadannan dabbobin, wadanda ke cikin dangin kunkuru na ruwa, suna aiki da rana, yayin da daddare suke kwana a gindin jikkunan ruwa. Suna jin daɗi sosai a cikin yanayin ruwa, inda zasu iya zama na kimanin kwanaki biyu.
Amma a doron ƙasa suma suna jin daɗi, don haka ana iya samun kunkuru mai fadama a kan manyan lawn, inda waɗannan dabbobin masu jin daɗin jini ke son kwantawa da rana, don haka suna ciyar da jikinsu da kuzari.
Kunkuru Marsh yana jin daɗi duka a cikin ruwa da ƙasa
Suna ƙoƙari su sami wasu wurare masu dacewa don ƙwanƙwasa rana, galibi suna amfani da itacen busasshe da duwatsu waɗanda ke fitowa daga ruwa. Dabbobi masu rarrafe suna ƙoƙari su kusanci rana koda a cikin gajimare, ranakun sanyi, duk da sararin samaniya cike da gizagizai, suna ƙoƙarin kama hasken rana yayin tafiya ta cikin gajimare.
Amma a wata 'yar hatsari, dabbobi masu rarrafe nan da nan suka fantsama cikin ruwa suka ɓuya a cikin zurfinsa a tsakanin ciyawar dake ƙarƙashin ruwa. Makiyan wadannan halittu na iya zama dabbobi da tsuntsaye masu farauta.
Hakanan, galibi ba lallai ne su yi tsammanin wani abu mai kyau daga mutum ba, kuma a wasu ƙasashe na gabas al'ada ce ta cin su, wanda ke haifar da babbar illa ga yawan jinsin kunkuru.
Hankalin wari da ganin irin waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe ya inganta sosai. Motsawa a ƙasa mai sauƙi, kunkuru suna ninkaya da kyau da sauri, kuma ƙwayoyi masu ƙarfi suna taimaka musu a cikin motsinsu a cikin ruwa.
Theafan kunkuru na fadama sanye take da manyan fika, wanda ke basu damar binne kansu cikin sauƙin ganye ko ƙasa mai laka. A cikin yanayin rayuwa, waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe suna bacci cikin yanayin sanyi. Wannan yakan faru ne a farkon Nuwamba kuma ya ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen Afrilu.
An yi la'akari da ƙarancin gaske, an haɗa kunkuru a cikin Red Book. Kuma duk da cewa adadin irin wadannan dabbobin suna da karko sosai, amma sun bace gaba daya daga wasu wuraren da aka gansu a da.
Dabbobin kunkuru marsh
Ana yin la'akari da wakilin wannan jinsi Turai kunkuru kunkuru. Ita ce mamallakin karapace mai santsi wanda ke da siffar zagaye ko oval.
Launinsa na iya zama mai launin rawaya-rawaya ko baƙi tare da tsari, mai ɗorawa da haɗuwa iri-iri na haskoki da layuka, da fari ko launin rawaya. Lokacin danshi, carapace na canza launi yayin bushewa, daga haskakawa a rana, sannu a hankali yakan sami inuwa mai taushi.
Kan kunkuru yana da faɗi da girma, kuma fatar da ke kanta da ƙafafuwan duhu ne, cike da digo. Dabbobi masu rarrafe suna da nauyin kilogram daya da rabi, kuma sun kai kimanin cm 35. Bugu da ƙari, manyan mutane suna zaune a Rasha.
An raba kunkuruwan Turai na fadama zuwa kananan hukumomi 13 tare da wuraren zama daban-daban. Mutanen su sun bambanta da kamanni, girman su, launi da wasu sigogin.
Hoton kunkuru ne na Turai
A cikin yankin ƙasar Rasha, inda ƙananan nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobi masu rarrafe guda biyar suka zama ruwan dare, galibi an fi samun urtan kunkuru, kuma mutanen da ke da baƙar launin rawaya mai launin rawaya suna rayuwa a ƙarƙashin rana mai zafi ta Sicily.
Jinsin halittar dabbobi masu rarrafe kuma sun hada da wani nau'in - Kunkuru na Amurka, wanda yake da carapace tsawon 25 zuwa 27. Babban asalin bawan harsashi shine zaitun mai duhu, kuma an sami fitattun ƙananan haske a kanta.
Wakilan fauna na wannan nau'in suna da kamanceceniya sosai tare da kunkurulen Turai na fadama dangane da bayyanar da halin su. Na dogon lokaci, wadannan nau'ikan dabbobi guda biyu na mallakan masana kimiyya ne iri daya, amma zurfin bincike game da kwayoyin halittu da tsarin kwarangwal na ciki ya haifar da gano manyan bambance-bambance a cikin wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe, wanda hakan ya haifar da zamani don a dauke su daban nau'in kunkuru.
Kulawa da kulawa da kunkuru mai fadama a gida
Wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe galibi ana ajiye su azaman dabbobi a gidajensu. Za'a iya siye su ko a kama su da kansu a cikin mazaunin su, wanda watanni masu zafi na lokacin rani sun dace sosai.
Kunkuruwar cikin gida yawanci karami ya fi na waɗanda ake samu a daji. Rashin sanin yakamata ya ba kowa damar, har ma masu mallakan ƙwarewa, su kiyaye su har ma suna da zuriya daga dabbobin gidansu.
Kula da kandami kunkuru kiyaye baya nufin wani abu mai rikitarwa a cikin kansa. Koyaya, tsananin bin wasu sharuɗɗan kulawa suna da mahimmanci ga irin waɗannan dabbobin gida. Kuma sha'awar ɗaukar wannan tallan don nishaɗi a cikin gidanka na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako ga waɗannan halittu marasa lahani.
Marsh kunkuru a gida kasa rayuwa cikakke ba tare da hasken rana ba. Abin da ya sa ke nan za a iya barin manya masu koshin lafiya a lokacin rani mai ɗumi don yin yawo a farfajiyar dacha nasu, musamman idan akwai ƙaramin tafki na wucin gadi a wurin.
Hoton ɗan kunkuru ne na ɗan fari
Irin waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe ana iya kiyaye su biyu-biyu, amma kulawa a baya Kunkuru mai fadama yana ɗaukar kasancewar akwatin kifaye tare da ƙarancin aƙalla lita ɗari, da kuma wuri don dumama, wanda aka haskaka shi da fitilar ultraviolet, wanda ke zafafa yanayin zuwa 30 ° C kuma yana ba dabbobi dabbobin awanni goma sha biyu na hasken rana.
Zama a gida, kunkuru ba sa yin hibernate, kuma ya kamata masu dabbobi su san wannan kuma kada su damu da wannan. Rashin amfani adana kunkuru Babban tashin hankali nasa ne. Dabbobi masu rarrafe suna da wahalar gaske har su iya cutar da juna har ma su ciza jelarsu.
Ba su da abokai da sauran dabbobin gida, ba sa haƙuri da kishiyoyi a cikin gida, musamman a waɗancan lokuta idan ana batun gwagwarmaya don abinci. Za su iya zama masu yaudara kuma suna iya zama haɗari ga yara ƙanana idan ba a yi hankali ba. Koyaya, kunkuru suna da wayo kuma suna sakawa waɗanda suka ciyar dasu da godiya.
Hoton hoton kunkuru ne a cikin akwatin kifaye na gida
Fadama kunkuru ciyar
Yayin ciyarwa, kunkuru suna da datti sosai, idan aka ba wannan zai fi kyau a sanya su cikin wani akwati dabam lokacin cin abinci. Bugu da kari, wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe suna da tsananin annashuwa kuma suna da saurin cin abinci, saboda haka ya kamata a tuna cewa manya suna buƙatar ciyar da su bayan kwana biyu kawai a na ukun, amma ƙuruciya matasa suna buƙatar cin abinci na yau da kullun.
Abin da kunkuru ke fadama yake ci? A dabi'a, suna cin abinci a kan katantanwa, beraye, crickets, tsutsotsi da kwadi, masu ba da tallafi da cristaceans, da ƙwari, larvae da algae waɗanda za a iya samu a cikin yanayin ruwa.
Kunkuruka masu kama da fada ne wadanda ke iya kai wa maciji hari, kuma suna kamawa, suna cin abinci, kananan kadangaru da kajin tsuntsayen ruwa.Abin da za a ciyar da kunkuruidan dabbobi ne? Zai yiwu a ba su kaza da naman shanu zuciya da hanta, su ɗan ɓullo da ɗan ɗanɗano.
Kifin mai rai mai ƙananan girma, alal misali, guppies, yawanci ana sake shi cikin akwatin kifaye don abinci don kunkuru. Top dressing a cikin hanyar bitamin da alli ya zama dole kawai don irin waɗannan dabbobin. A wannan ma'anar, abinci mai wucin gadi wanda ya ƙunshi duk abin da kuke buƙata yana da matukar dacewa.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rayuwar kunkuru
Da kyar daga barci, gurnin marsh ya fara aikin kiwo, kuma a ƙarshen wasannin jima'i, a cikin ramuka da aka haƙa a ƙasa kuma yana kusa da ruwa, suna yin ƙwai cikin adadin 12 zuwa 20. Suna binne abubuwan da ke cikin su a hankali. Blackananan blackan kunkuru masu nauyin bai wuce gram 20 ba suna bayyana ne kawai bayan watanni biyu, ko ma watanni uku da rabi, don haka wannan yana faruwa kusa da kaka.
Mafi sau da yawa, cuban kuza sukan zauna don lokacin sanyi, suna zurfafawa cikin ƙasa, yayin da manya galibi ke ciyar da sanyi a ƙasan tafkunan ruwa. Yaran yara suna ciyarwa akan jakar kwai wanda yake akan cikin cikinsu. Kama karnukan daji da otters na iya lalata kamawar kunkuru.
Tsawon rayuwar irin wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe ya zama babban sirri ga masana kimiyya, kuma har yanzu ba a sami matsaya kan wannan al'amari ba. Amma, kamar sauran wakilan dangin kunkuru, sun daɗe. Masana galibi suna kiran adadi ne daga shekaru 30-50, amma wasu masanan sun yi imanin cewa kunkuru, a wasu lokuta, na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 100.
